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Frenemies: Analysis of Sino-American Military Relationships During the Bush and Obama Administrations
Kryl, Šimon ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This diploma thesis is an analysis of Bush and Obama administrations' approach towards Sino-American military relations. The topic of this thesis is the military cooperation between the People's Republic China (PRC) and the United States. The paper analyzes the trends and topics of the military-to-military contacts through the Confidence Building Measures (CBMs) theory. The bilateral relationship between the two countries is the most important relationship in the 21st century and its development has worldwide implications. Historically, there have been multiple points of tension where interests of both countries collided, many of which persisted to be sources of the new unease. The American support to Taiwan through numerous arms-sales, increased Chinese militarization of space, cyberspace and the South China Sea are the main causes of reluctant military-to-military cooperation between the PRC and the U.S. It is vital for the rest of the global community that both superpowers keep an acceptable amount of tensions between their armies and ideally pursue more cooperation than competition. The paper concludes that the Sino-American military relations have gone through an on-and-off pattern during both Bush administrations, mainly due to aforementioned American support for Taiwan, and due to the types...
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Eisenhower Doctrine and the Middle East in years 1957 and 1958
Myslík, Martin ; Pondělíček, Jiří (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
With the Suez crises, according to American administration, was created a vacuum of power in the Middle East. This vacuum was in the eyes of the American government needed to be fill sooner, than Soviet Union and to isolate pro-soviet state, like Egypt and Syria. To this purpose, the Eisenhower doctrine was created, which should fought against international communism. Used method is the diplomatic history, bachelor's thesis provides outlook to shaping American foreign politics in 1957 and 1958 in the region of the Middle East and its application is comparing with the wording of the doctrine and also from the American view on decolonization. The author of the thesis, in conclusion, summarizes that doctrine was successful in intimidating Soviet union from larger engaging in region, but on the analysis of the use of the doctrine shows, that mostly the doctrine was used in the fight against Arab nationalism not against communism. Which was in contradiction with doctrine, which was supposed to fight only against communism. Keywords Eisenhower doctrine, United States, Middle East, international communism, Crisis of Suez. Cold war, dekolonization
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United States foreign policy towards Argentina and Chile during the Kissinger's era (1969-1977)
Zboženská, Lucie ; Calda, Miloš (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
United States in the 1970's are often seen mainly in connection with the Vietnam War, the normalization of the USSR relationship and the establishment of diplomatic relations with China. At the time, American foreign policy was primarily concerned about the possible spread of the influence of the USSR and the possible emergence of the "second Cuba". H. Kissinger, R. Nixon, and G.Ford were well aware of the weakening position of US power abroad and the deteriorating domestic economic and political situation. It was part of the constantly prolonging war in Vietnam, the home scene was shaken by Watergate, which led to the resignation of R.Nixon in 1974. The US could not afford to start another military conflict. Their policy therefore took the form of indirect, hidden interventions (with the help of the CIA) and economic support of their allies. They also supplied weapons and provided training to soldiers of those countries whom they considered to be allies. Support for the Latin-American right-wing regimes was the result of the pragmatic approach of the American politicians I mentioned previously. It was a way to prevent the military intervention in the region, which was increasingly profiled by the anti-American way of thinking. It was based on the belief that the US security interests would be best...
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South Korean Nuclear Program and the American Support of the Authoritarian Regime
Stoláriková, Lenka ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
The issue of nuclear proliferation on the Korean Peninsula and the question of legitimacy and support of the nondemocratic leaders are some of the current political challenges. The roots of the Korean nuclear pursuit reach all the way back to the 1970s when the authoritarian South Korean president Park Chung-hee ordered the launch of the so-called Project 890. The United States, Soul's protector and sponsor of many years, had to find a way of how to deal with that situation and to consider their alliance with South Korea. This thesis is mostly an analysis of the American support of the South Korean authoritarian regime at the end of the 1970s. The main aim is to evaluate whether it was possible for the US to reduce its economic and military assistance at the end of Park's rule and to promote the democratization of the country. It tries to explore the factors, which influenced the US decision. Subsequently, it verifies Owen and Poznansky's theory on the existence of two conditions needed for the US to be willing to stop supporting the pro-American authoritarian regime and to allow the democratic elections to take place. This work builds on their theory and adds some other aspects, relevant to this case. It argues that the Korean nuclear pursuit could have been one of the significant factors for the American...
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Trump's campaign promises to fight terrorism and its following implementation in the first two years in the office
Bohunická, Klára ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
In my bachelor thesis, I tried to answer my main hypothesis, which was that presidential candidates give many promises during their campaigns and they are not able to fulfill them after taking the office because of missing competences. Sometimes it is not even technically possible. I tried to apply this theory on the campaign of Donald Trump, especially on three promises that were focused on fighting terrorism in the United States. To achieve my goal I examined the promises Trump gave during tha campaign. After that I focused on the steps taken by Trump since his inauguration in January 2017 until the middle of his term in January 2019. The first promise I focused on was "closing parts of the internet where ISIS is". The only one step Trump did in this area was signing a statement in which he and the G7 leaders called for intensifying the pressure from social media to combat online terrorism. From a technical point of view, this promise has been problematic from the beginning. The first problem was the fact that Trump did not have sufficient competence to fulfill it. Second problem was the first amendment to the US Constitution. It protects freedom of speech and closing parts of the Internet would disrupt these freedoms. Thanks to this promise I have confirmed my hypothesis that candidates during...
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The United States, China, and the Emerging Balance of Power in the Arctic
Lavengood, Zachary Colin ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
The increasing pace of climate change in the last two decades has brought the Arctic, a former geopolitical afterthought, into growing prominence on the global stage. Receding ice and melting tundra have made a cornucopia of rare earth metals and hydrocarbons ripe for extraction as well as opened new shipping lanes which have the potential to revolutionize how goods are moved around the planet. In this emerging environment is a budding balance of power which involves the most powerful actors in the world-system, two of which, the United States of America and the People's Republic of China, are the focus of this thesis. Their respective arctic policies shape the balance of power for not only themselves, but for all other actors in the theater. The United States' laissez faire attitude towards the Arctic has caused it to fall behind the progress of other powers in the region which could make it difficult to assert its influence in the theater in the future. China however has chosen to follow an ambitious arctic policy despite its geographical distance from the region, and has given the arctic a prominent position in its greater Belt and Road project, much to the suspicion of traditional arctic powers. Analyzed through a realist lens, the balance of power in the Arctic appears to be stable for the...
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Combined Action Program (CAP) as a successful tool of US COIN application in vietnam war
Bálint, Miroslav ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee) ; Fojtek, Vít (referee)
The American war in Vietnam was one of the Cold war conflict and United States had entered this war within their policy of communist detained. United States had supported France first. Later, they took political and military responsibility themselves. Despite many recommendations, US Military Command had chosen conventional way of fighting, which was based on large scale strikes against enemy to undermine his will. This strategy reflected US history of war success and technological superiority. But the main difference was theatre of conflict itself. The enemy was fighting guerrilla way and avoided large scale struggles. The only solution was to the application of counterinsurgency strategy, which was focused on winning "Hearts and minds" of Vietnamese population. Its development occurred in everyday fighting experience and combat troops had started to apply it successfully in many Vietnam areas. Unfortunately, American army wasn't able to apply this successful model across the board and insisted on conventional way of pacification till the end of the Vietnam war.
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