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Potential sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids for saprophagous soil invertebrates
Elhottová, Dana ; Frouz, Jan ; Krištůfek, Václav ; Lukešová, Alena ; Nováková, Alena ; Tříska, Jan
Main sources of important nutritionally compounds - polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) essential in soils animal diet were compared. The highest concentration of PUFA was found in cyanobacteria (namely Antarctic strain Pseudophormidium sp.), followed by fresh litter, algae, fungi and decomposed litter. The PUFA occurrence in bacteria including actinomycetes was rare. Leaf litter is the most important source of PUFA for soil invertebrates in regards to both PUFA concentration and occurrence in soil. The stage of litter decomposition significantly affected the content of all 13 detected PUFA. The total PUFA content decreased significantly during litter decomposition. Enrichment in certain PUFA was observed in the latest stages of litter decomposition, indicating that the soil microflora improves the nutritional value of the decaying ĺitter.
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Mycotic flora in vermicultures and intestines of Eisenia andrei
Nováková, Alena ; Pižl, Václav
In spring and autumn 2000, microscopic fungi associated with fresh and processed substrates and with the intestines of Eisenia andrei were studied in three vermiculture plants differing in their productivity. 119 species and 6 forms of microscopic fungi were isolated. Of those, 97 taxa were recorded from vermiculture substrates and 76 taxa from worm intestines. In vermiculture substrates, Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, Geotrichum candidum, Penicillium expansum and P. roquefortii were dominant among taxa isolated by soil dilution plate method, and Rhizopus stolonifer was most frequently isolated by soil washing technique. A. fumigatus, Mucor circinelloides f. circinelloides and P. expansum predominated in the intestines of earthworms. Processed vermiculture substrates regularly yielded higher numbers of cultivable micromycetes (CFU-counts) than fresh ones. The CFU-counts of earthworm intestines were close to those of processed substrates in two vermiculture plants studied. In the third plant, however, intestinal CFU-count was the same as that found in fresh vermiculture substrate.
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Soil microscopic fungi in two different mine spoils in the Lusatian mining district
Nováková, Alena
Soil microscopic fungi (including keratinophilic, cellulolytic and thermophilous fungi) were studied in two representative mine spoils (Terciary, marine brackish carboniferous and pyritic sands and Quaternary fluvioglacial sands) in the Lusitanian mining district. Spoils were amended with lime, ash, sewage sludge, mineral fertilisation and compost and also without any treatment. Experimental plots were planted with pine seedlings (Pinus sylvestris L.), control plots were not planted (spontaneous plant succession). Differences in species diversity were estimated among different treatments and also between studied mine spoils, significant differences were recorded in quantitative estimations (CFU counts, fungal biomass).
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Rekolonizace území poškozených těžbou hnědého uhlí půdními organismy a možnosti jejího urychlení
Balík, Vladimír ; Frouz, Jan ; Háněl, Ladislav ; Kalčík, Jiří ; Krištůfek, Václav ; Lukešová, Alena ; Nováková, Alena ; Pižl, Václav ; Starý, Josef ; Tajovský, Karel
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