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Prehistoric culture and birth of human imagination
Půtová, Barbora ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Malina, Jaroslav (referee) ; Valde-Nowak, Paweł (referee)
The subject of this dissertation Prehistoric Culture and Birth of Human Imagination is an interdisciplinary analysis of creation, evolution and interpretation of prehistoric art. The work aspires to establish a new academic discipline temporarily referred to as "prehistoric art" as well as embracing the genesis of human creativity and imagination from the point of view of human sciences. The first part of the dissertation focuses on the phenomenon of so-called proto-art, i.e. non-utilitary artefacts created by hominidae in the Lower and Middle Paleolithic. That is why these artefacts are the subject of many scientific controversies concerning the issue of genesis of symbolic manifestations of human behaviour. In this context, paintings and drawings done by apes are analysed; some scientists believe they prove that no boundary line can be set between the man and other apes. This might be the reason why works of parietal Upper Paleolithic are considered to be the pivotal proof of genesis of human creativity. However, these works were questioned and criticised for their prehistoric authenticity at the end of the 19th century. The effort to understand the purpose and meaning of prehistoric artefacts is documented in a chapter discussing the history of interpretation, theories and hypotheses formulated on the...
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Non-Religious Spirituality in the Postmodern Era. Spirituality and the New Paradigm
Němečková, Kamila ; Mucha, Ivan (advisor) ; Soukup, Václav (referee) ; Malina, Jaroslav (referee)
The main subject of the dissertation Non-Religious Spirituality in the Postmodern Era, subtitled Spirituality and the New Paradigm, is an analysis of non-religious spirituality within the context of the new possibilities revealed by the science of the new paradigm, which are changing the way we view reality and man's place within the universe. The study presents a possible system for classifying contemporary approaches to spirituality, and subsequently outlines a theoretical model for a new discipline enabling the comprehensive study of spirituality within broader interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary contexts. For this newly proposed scientific discipline, the paper suggests the name spirituology. Spirituality, which was discarded by the Cartesian-Newtonian world view is experiencing a renaissance. Spirituality is a comprehensive and multifaceted phenomenon whose definition is still being shaped in contemporary discourse. Although the actual term comes from Christian theology, it is today understood as religiously neutral. It did not fully establish itself in society until the end of the 20th century in relation to the secularization and privatization of religion, when it replaced the previously used term "religiosity", which is strongly associated with the institution of religion. Within the...
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Experiment and study of culture
Ehmigová, Zuzana ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Soukup, Martin (referee) ; Malina, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis follows on my previous one, where I discussed culturological analysis of experimental method as a research instrument of socio-cultural phenomena. I provided description of experimental method, then I described utilisation of experiment in psychology, but especially archeology and anthropology. The aim of the thesis is to extend the theme but especially to refer where is the potential of experimental method for culturology. The personality of russian physiologist Ivan Petrovič Pavlov was included into the chapter about the history of experiment. I tried to emphasize his effect on the american behavioral psychology. The subject of use of experiment in psychology was extended by some representatives of bahavioral or neobehavioral psychology, with the examples of specific experiments. Especially I pointed out to use of experimental method in the area of archeology, where the issue of prehistoric art is compiled. In this thesis I deliberately describe many kinds of using experimental method across the various sciences and thereby I prove that the experimental method is so interdisciplinary, flexible and timeless. At the end of my thesis I conclusively declare the main advantages of the experimental method in the context of contemporary study of culture.
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Prehistoric culture and birth of human imagination
Půtová, Barbora ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Malina, Jaroslav (referee) ; Valde-Nowak, Paweł (referee)
The subject of this dissertation Prehistoric Culture and Birth of Human Imagination is an interdisciplinary analysis of creation, evolution and interpretation of prehistoric art. The work aspires to establish a new academic discipline temporarily referred to as "prehistoric art" as well as embracing the genesis of human creativity and imagination from the point of view of human sciences. The first part of the dissertation focuses on the phenomenon of so-called proto-art, i.e. non-utilitary artefacts created by hominidae in the Lower and Middle Paleolithic. That is why these artefacts are the subject of many scientific controversies concerning the issue of genesis of symbolic manifestations of human behaviour. In this context, paintings and drawings done by apes are analysed; some scientists believe they prove that no boundary line can be set between the man and other apes. This might be the reason why works of parietal Upper Paleolithic are considered to be the pivotal proof of genesis of human creativity. However, these works were questioned and criticised for their prehistoric authenticity at the end of the 19th century. The effort to understand the purpose and meaning of prehistoric artefacts is documented in a chapter discussing the history of interpretation, theories and hypotheses formulated on the...
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