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The open-air ice skating at basic school' s PT(pfysical training)
Hroudová, Jana ; Pokorný, Ladislav (advisor) ; Kašpar, Ladislav (referee)
Hlavním cílem je zjistit, zda v regionu Praha - západ existuje dostatečné množství přírodních ledových ploch, které umožňují výuku bruslení, a zda školy, které se nachází v jejich blízkosti, mají o výuku bruslení zájem. Dalším cílem je zjistit, jak se výuka bruslení na přírodních ledových plochách liší od výuky bruslení na umělém ledu, a ověřit poznatky v praxi. Posledním z cílů je zjistit, zda učitelé znají pravidla první pomoci a zda ji jsou vůbec schopni v krizových situacích poskytnout.
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New synthetic drugs - neurobiology, toxicity and addictive potential
Leca, Nikola ; Páleníček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šlamberová, Romana (referee) ; Rečková Hroudová, Jana (referee)
Introduction: Since the beginning of this century, new synthetic drugs (NSD) have become a popular component of Czech Republic and worldwide drug scene. The main reason for their popularity and prevalence is their legality and the interest of users to seek new experiences. This leads to a constant production of substances with various chemical structure's modifications, but information about acute and chronic effects, pharmacology and toxicology are mostly missing or they are not sufficient. Aims: The main aim of this doctoral thesis was to evaluate NSD from the ranks of cathinones. The subobjectives were as follows: 1) evaluation of stimulation potential 2) evaluation of potency to disrupt sensorimotor gating 3) evaluation of acute toxicity in terms of the risk of hyperthermia 4) evaluation of addictive potential. Methods: The NSDs tested in this thesis were mephedrone (2.5, 5, 20 mg/kg), methylone 5, 10, 20, 40 mg/kg) and naphyrone (5, 10, 20 mg/kg). All NSDs were administered subcutaneously in a volume of 2 ml/kg. Adult male Wistar rats were behaviourally tested in the open field test (n = 10/group), the prepulse inhibition test (n = 10/group) and the conditioned place preference test (n = 13/group). For pharmacokinetic experiments, serum and organs (brain, lungs, liver) were collected at...
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Effects of antidepressants and depressive disorders on mitochondrial functions
Hroudová, Jana ; Fišar, Zdeněk (advisor)
Mood disorders are serious diseases. Nevertheless, their pathophysiology is not sufficiently clarified. Biological markers that would facilitate the diagnosis or successful prediction of pharmacotherapy are still being sought. The aim of the study was to find out whether mitochondrial functions are affected by antidepressants, mood stabilizers and depression. Our research is based on recent hypotheses of mood disorders, the advanced monoamine hypothesis, the neurotrophic hypothesis, and the mitochondrial dysfunction hypothesis. We assume that impaired function of mitochondria leads to neuronal damage and can be related to the origin of mood disorders. Effects of antidepressants and mood stabilizers on mitochondrial functions can be related to their therapeutic or side effects. In vitro effects of pharmacologically different antidepressants and mood stabilizers on the activities of mitochondrial enzymes were measured in mitochondria isolated from pig brains (in vitro model). Activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) isoforms was determined radiochemically, activities of other mitochondrial enzymes were measured spectrophotometrically. Overall activity of the system of oxidative phosphorylation was measured electrochemically using high- resolution respirometry. Methods were modified to measure the same...
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Effects of antidepressants and depressive disorders on mitochondrial functions
Hroudová, Jana ; Fišar, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Martásek, Pavel (referee) ; Kuča, Kamil (referee)
Mood disorders are serious diseases. Nevertheless, their pathophysiology is not sufficiently clarified. Biological markers that would facilitate the diagnosis or successful prediction of pharmacotherapy are still being sought. The aim of the study was to find out whether mitochondrial functions are affected by antidepressants, mood stabilizers and depression. Our research is based on recent hypotheses of mood disorders, the advanced monoamine hypothesis, the neurotrophic hypothesis, and the mitochondrial dysfunction hypothesis. We assume that impaired function of mitochondria leads to neuronal damage and can be related to the origin of mood disorders. Effects of antidepressants and mood stabilizers on mitochondrial functions can be related to their therapeutic or side effects. In vitro effects of pharmacologically different antidepressants and mood stabilizers on the activities of mitochondrial enzymes were measured in mitochondria isolated from pig brains (in vitro model). Activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) isoforms was determined radiochemically, activities of other mitochondrial enzymes were measured spectrophotometrically. Overall activity of the system of oxidative phosphorylation was measured electrochemically using high- resolution respirometry. Methods were modified to measure the same...
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The effect of psychotropic drugs on the mitochondrial functions.
Cikánková, Tereza ; Rečková Hroudová, Jana (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee) ; Vaňhara, Petr (referee)
Psychopharmaca are a large group of drugs widely used not only in psychiatry. Their systemic administration affects both the main diagnosis and the organism as a whole. The subject of our experiments is the effect of psychopharmaca on the changes in mitochondrial functions, which is beneficial for understanding of molecular mechanisms of therapeutic and adverse effects of drugs. The aim of this thesis was to study the in vitro effects of selected drugs on the cell energy metabolism. Selected antipsychotics (chlorpromazine, levomepromazine, haloperidol, risperidone, ziprasidone, zotepine, aripiprazole, clozapine, olanzapine, and quetiapine), antidepressants (bupropion, fluoxetine, amitriptyline, imipramine) and mood stabilizers (lithium, valproate, valpromide, lamotrigine, carbamazepine) were tested. In vitro effects of selected psychopharmaca were measured on isolated pig brain mitochondria. The activities of citrate synthase (CS) and electron transport chain (ETC) complexes (I, II+III, IV) were measured spectrophotometrically. Drug-induced changes of mitochondrial respiration rates linked to complex I (supported by malate and pyruvate) and complex II (supported by succinate) were evaluated by high resolution respirometry. Complex I was significantly inhibited by lithium, carbamazepine, fluoxetine,...
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Effects of antidepressants and depressive disorders on mitochondrial functions
Hroudová, Jana ; Fišar, Zdeněk (advisor)
Mood disorders are serious diseases. Nevertheless, their pathophysiology is not sufficiently clarified. Biological markers that would facilitate the diagnosis or successful prediction of pharmacotherapy are still being sought. The aim of the study was to find out whether mitochondrial functions are affected by antidepressants, mood stabilizers and depression. Our research is based on recent hypotheses of mood disorders, the advanced monoamine hypothesis, the neurotrophic hypothesis, and the mitochondrial dysfunction hypothesis. We assume that impaired function of mitochondria leads to neuronal damage and can be related to the origin of mood disorders. Effects of antidepressants and mood stabilizers on mitochondrial functions can be related to their therapeutic or side effects. In vitro effects of pharmacologically different antidepressants and mood stabilizers on the activities of mitochondrial enzymes were measured in mitochondria isolated from pig brains (in vitro model). Activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) isoforms was determined radiochemically, activities of other mitochondrial enzymes were measured spectrophotometrically. Overall activity of the system of oxidative phosphorylation was measured electrochemically using high- resolution respirometry. Methods were modified to measure the same...
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Effects of antidepressants and depressive disorders on mitochondrial functions
Hroudová, Jana ; Fišar, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Martásek, Pavel (referee) ; Kuča, Kamil (referee)
Mood disorders are serious diseases. Nevertheless, their pathophysiology is not sufficiently clarified. Biological markers that would facilitate the diagnosis or successful prediction of pharmacotherapy are still being sought. The aim of the study was to find out whether mitochondrial functions are affected by antidepressants, mood stabilizers and depression. Our research is based on recent hypotheses of mood disorders, the advanced monoamine hypothesis, the neurotrophic hypothesis, and the mitochondrial dysfunction hypothesis. We assume that impaired function of mitochondria leads to neuronal damage and can be related to the origin of mood disorders. Effects of antidepressants and mood stabilizers on mitochondrial functions can be related to their therapeutic or side effects. In vitro effects of pharmacologically different antidepressants and mood stabilizers on the activities of mitochondrial enzymes were measured in mitochondria isolated from pig brains (in vitro model). Activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) isoforms was determined radiochemically, activities of other mitochondrial enzymes were measured spectrophotometrically. Overall activity of the system of oxidative phosphorylation was measured electrochemically using high- resolution respirometry. Methods were modified to measure the same...
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Developmental expression pattern of S1co1c1
Hroudová, Jana ; Wsól, Vladimír (advisor) ; Gavelová, Martina (referee)
in English language Introdution Thyroid hormones are necessary for the development of many organs and systems in the body, including the central nervous system. The association between thyroid function and development of the brain is well known, depressed function of thyroid gland and its lower production can lead to various neurological deficits and disorders. During the development of the fetus it can result to mental retardation, ataxia and blindness. Methods Slco1c1-Cre mice were anesthetized and perfused. After their decapitation brains were carefully dissected and fixed in 4% PFA at 4řC for 4-12 hours and then transferred into 30% Sucrose solution for 24 hours. Sections were prepared with cryotome, collected on the slides covered with polysine and into two series. They were parallelly stained with lacZ staining and Nissl staining. LacZ showed the expression of Slco1c1-Cre, Nissl staining was performed as additive staining and distinguished different structures in the brain. The expressions were observed unter the microscope and were evaluated in tables. The presence of Slco1c1 was observed similarly in P2 generation. Results Both staining methods were standardized, incubation time was settled for lacZ staining and the performance of Nissl staining was improved. The strongest expression of lacZ...
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The open-air ice skating at basic school' s PT(pfysical training)
Hroudová, Jana ; Pokorný, Ladislav (advisor) ; Kašpar, Ladislav (referee)
Hlavním cílem je zjistit, zda v regionu Praha - západ existuje dostatečné množství přírodních ledových ploch, které umožňují výuku bruslení, a zda školy, které se nachází v jejich blízkosti, mají o výuku bruslení zájem. Dalším cílem je zjistit, jak se výuka bruslení na přírodních ledových plochách liší od výuky bruslení na umělém ledu, a ověřit poznatky v praxi. Posledním z cílů je zjistit, zda učitelé znají pravidla první pomoci a zda ji jsou vůbec schopni v krizových situacích poskytnout.
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