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Realisation of Selected Speech Acts by Foreign Learners of Czech
Genova, Julie ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Hirschová, Milada (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to conduct a pragmatic analysis of speech acts as salutation, request, apology, offer and farewell in a written correspondence. The accent is primarily on expressions of politeness in each speech act. The analysis is researched in beginner students of the Czech language in a questionnaire before a lesson, in a written assignment after the lesson and then in the same assignment written by native speakers. The aim is to discover a proper way to teach the expression of the given speech acts as part of Czech for foreigners. The questionnaire filled before the lesson was compared with the assignment written after the lesson. Implementing the comparison, it is defined to what extent had the students improved their pragmatic competence in written correspondence. The same work was assigned to native Czech speakers and the expressions used in the lesson are evaluated based on their results compared with the results of non-native speakers. Through the research we concluded that the difference between the results before and after the lesson are striking. Uninstructed students have frequently expressed unintentionally less politely than it is customary to Czech language, sometimes even impolitely and these errors were predominantly eliminated in the written assignment. The...
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Complement - The Comparison of Academic and School Conception
Hančin, Marek ; Doležalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Hirschová, Milada (referee)
The master thesis "Complement - The Comparison of Academic and School Conception" examines the professional and school concepts of the often-discussed clause element - complement. The author compares selected linguistic approaches to the complement, focusing primarily on the similarities and differences in the different conceptions - what linguists (dis)consider to be a complement, how the complement is realized, what is the division of the complement. In the school conception, the author analyses the key educational documents (the Framework Educational Programmes, the requirements for the didactic test in Czech language, the requirements for the Unified Entrance Examination in Czech language and the textbooks used in teaching Czech) and the teachers' view of this clause element. The author aims to find out whether the complement is a compulsory part of education and whether textbooks provide appropriate support for functional work with the complement. In the conclusion of the paper, the author proposes three methodological lessons of his own, based on the above-mentioned analysis, which can be used in Czech language classes. The starting points for these lessons are the communicative goals of Czech language teaching, the constructivist model of teaching, and the integration of linguistic and...
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Forms of Addressing in Czech TV shows
Škodová, Kateřina ; Hirschová, Milada (advisor) ; Schneiderová, Soňa (referee)
Résumé The thesis deals with addressing in Czech TV programmes such as talk-shows. There are 54 programmes broadcasted in 2012 and 2013 that were analysed. Firstly, the term "addressing" is defined as well as its functions. Secondly, the thesis is focused on various kinds of addressing (direct and indirect addressing in particular), the relationship to vertical social distance and the frequency of honorifics. According to the analysis of selected TV programmes (the programmes are characterized, the results of the analyses are summarized in tables in the Summarizing protocols), it is described how the incidence of individual types of addressing is related to the type of the programme (talk-shows compared to political debates or conventional interviews etc.). The selected way of addressing largely defines the nature of communication used in the programme. In certain programmes the way of addressing is strictly formal (OVM), in other programmes the way of addressing is being "negotiated". The television is an influential media and its communication conventions are transferred to interpersonal communication - especially the growth of informal addressing can be observed regardless of the fact if it is a genuinely informal situation or a communication strategy that is aimed at having a pleasant conversation. Key...
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Politeness in the Czech Republic and Abroad : a contrastive Study of one Act of Communication - Greetings
Vegnerová, Hana ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Hirschová, Milada (referee)
Communication is everyday basic interaction among people, which consists of two components, verbal and nonverbal. A prerequisite for successful communication is politeness, which is discussed in this thesis. This thesis focuses more-in-depth on one act of communication, greetings. Attention is paid on greetings in Czech and German language. The work is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with the pragmatics and communication. It defines the concepts of politeness (brief part is dedicated to its history, its functions and linguistic access to it), discourtesy and greeting. The practical part is focused on the questionnaires that have been used for data collection. Answers to questions are tabulated in percentage terms and in comparative text processing, which was the aim of my thesis. The result of the research is the conclusion that both languages express politeness in a very similar way. German greetings are more diverse and less formal thanks to the influence and acceptance of English words.
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Politeness in the Czech Republic - Thanking and Accepting Thanks
Svobodová, Michaela ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Hirschová, Milada (referee)
This work deals with politeness, politeness strategies and thanking and accepting thanks in the Czech Republic. At first, the thesis processes the issue from a theoretical point of view, there are presented the findings and theories of Czech and foreign linguists, who are interested in politeness and communication, several approaches toward polite or impolite behaviour. I describe in detail thanking and responses to thanks, expressions of gratitude and ingratitude; there are presented the topics, which directly relate to the issue, too. The practical part deals with the research of supposed responses of respondents - thanking and accepting thanks - in specific situations. The task isn't to research the using of speech, but the utterance considered as polite and suitable in the situation. I chose the questionnaire with 5 open questions, where respondents were asked to write the answer according to their experience. The research was oriented on respondents of both sexes between the ages of 14 to 42 years. The results are given in real numbers (firstly both sexes together and then separately). Finally, the results and findings are analysed and interpreted. Keywords: politeness, speech etiquette, Czech culture, thanking, accepting thanks
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