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Big Data and Personal Data Protection in the Age of Surveillance Capitalism
Jirásková, Kristýna ; Slavíček, Daniel (advisor) ; Gvoždiak, Vít (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of personal data protection in the age of surveillance capitalism, relying on the General Data Protection Regulation or GDPR. It presents, first of all, what can be imagined by the term Big Data, since the protection of personal data consists in the constant collection of all data, among which there are personal data. In the context of this issue, the various risks of data collection and processing will be discussed. Then, attention is given to surveillance capitalism, i.e. not only the definition, but also what it consists of and what pitfalls come with it. Above all, this paper seeks to answer the question of what role the GDPR currently plays in relation to data protection, i.e. whether it is successful or not, which of course cannot be done without a more detailed analysis of this legal document. To this end, the thesis will focus on selected examples from practice that should help to answer the question posed. Key words Surveillance Studies, surveillance, Big Data, surveillance capitalism, GDPR, protection of personal data, social media
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Logics of Internet Memes
Hřib, Matěj ; Řehořová, Irena (advisor) ; Gvoždiak, Vít (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with internet memes and their culture. It presents and elaborate five logics of memes, which are reappropriation, multimodality, collectivism, resonance and spread. Memes appropriate existing media content, they "poach" both meaning and expression material and use it for new bricolages. The created meaning is therefore intertextual, and the thesis applies older theories of literary intertextuality on the subject of memes. The form of memes is usually multimodal, they combine modes of picture and text or video and music. The thesis describes stable designs of text, picture and video memes. Collectivism of meme culture is manifested in the existences of templates that initiate creation of individual instances. The knowledge of templates and their use can function as a kind of subcultural capital, that the users use to distance themselves from the mainstream. Resonance of memes is most often founded on humor and personal identification with the message. Memes do not necessarily communicate referential information; they have an affective meaning. Resonance and the participatory nature of memes help their spread, that is of the same value as creation and reception in the meme culture. Keywords internet memes, internet culture, multimodality, intertextuality, remix, participatory...
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The Theory of Metaphor within Ressearches in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Procházková, Theresa ; Ivan, Michal (advisor) ; Gvoždiak, Vít (referee)
The thesis deals with the theory of metaphor in selected pieces of research that focus on autism spectrum disorders. Patients with autism spectrum disorders show weakened ability to communicate and they have trouble understanding everyday social interactions as they are not able to identify with thoughts and feelings of others. They also have trouble understanding metaphors, irony, hyperbolical speech, etc. In their book Metaphors we live by Lakoff and Johnson claim that our language and our thinking are based on metaphors, i.e. on abstraction. The hypothesis is that various pieces of research focusing on how people on the autism spectrum understand metaphors draw on different definitions of metaphor and different approaches to it. The theory of metaphor that is presented in Lakoff's and Johnson's work should be able to provide theoretical framework for coherent understanding of a metaphor. It should also have the potential to point out the differences between particular pieces of research and possible shortages within them.
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The Role of Play in Peirce's Semiotics
Borč, Marek ; Švantner, Martin (advisor) ; Gvoždiak, Vít (referee)
This thesis focuses on the basic delimiting of the issue of play within the framework C. S. Peirce's semiotics. Its objective is to expound and explicate the role of the phenomena of play in Peirce's philosophy using selected Peirce's texts and secondary literature, whereas our main starting-point is Peirce's identification of play with the inferential form of abduction. As such play is connected to Peirce's theories of sign and inference, as well as to the concepts of synechism, evolutionary cosmology and pragmatism. This finding sets Peirce's theory of inference within critical logic as one of the key themes of the thesis. In relation to this finding we give a basic explanation of Peirce's phaneroscopy and speculative grammar which in dependency on Peirce's classification of sciences set the ground for our analysis of play as a process of inference as well as a significant function. Within the framework of critical logic we focus primarily on abduction, especially on the question of the validity of abduction as a form of logical reasoning as well as on Peirce's transition from understanding different forms of inference as separate processes to understanding them as a continuous and interdependent whole of the scientific method. We develop Peirce's brief conception of play through an excursion...
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Corporate Culture: discourse, value and managerial perspective
Bartošová, Karolína ; Švantner, Martin (advisor) ; Gvoždiak, Vít (referee)
The thesis deals with corporate culture and its concrete application in corporate discourse. In this work, corporate values, such as the core of corporate culture, are understood as a central element for employee motivation and belonging to a given corporate culture, and this can be achieved through discourse. These assumptions are based on structural-functional theory, on which the whole theoretical framework is based. In the form of a critical discursive analysis, this work attempts to explain what specific discursive practices the company's managers develop in building its reputation and whether their moral values are in line with those corporate ones. Furthermore, if they manifest them in their actions in any specific way. The aim is therefore to reveal the role of corporate values in the perspective of company managers. The research is proven in unnamed multinational organizations with representation in the Czech Republic in the form of semi-structured interviews with managers of this company, precisely because, according to the assumptions, they are supposed to represent company values. The results of the research confirm the presence of corporate discourse, the compliance of corporate and managerial value orientations and the application of the company's proclaimed values. Keywords:...
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Metaphorization of autism spectrum disorders
Tulachová, Kristýna ; Švantner, Martin (advisor) ; Gvoždiak, Vít (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the topic of metaphorization of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and their representation in common online media. The aim of the diploma thesis is to examine aspects of the relationship between metaphors and autism spectrum disorder. In terms of metaphor theory, it is based on cognitive linguistics and its approach to conceptual metaphor. The thesis lists the most common metaphors that are used in connection with autism spectrum disorders whereas the distinction between neurotypical and autistic metaphors is made. Then, it deals with medialization of autism spectrum disorders and presents possibilities of categorization of the way ASD is written about in common online media. Finally, the thesis discusses the overall problematics of metaphorization of autism spectrum disorders and possibilities of changes in the way they are represented.
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Bilingualism as a conflicted form of life
Yevdokimova, Anastasiia ; Ivan, Michal (advisor) ; Gvoždiak, Vít (referee)
The work presents competing discourses around bilingualism that surround fluctuating national identity in Ukraine. The use of Ukrainian and Russian languages has been for a long time a highly sensitive issue, repeatedly taking shape as an instrument of political campaigns and overt propaganda, and continues to be a subject of debates and tensions. Crimean crisis and the war in the East of Ukraine are not merely clearly-cut results of Russian military strategy and aggression. Other poignant factors are: long-lasting unresolved language issues, artificially imposed linguistic monism, and conflicted national identity that constituted a conflicted form of life characteristic to Ukraine. They are attributable to centuries of particular historical development and bewildering post-Soviet heritage but constructed through Russian political propaganda and forced Ukrainian policies toward exclusion. This work explores national identity through the language situation in Ukraine to gain a holistic grasp of how exclusive Ukrainian language legislation influences the nation's cultural-linguistic settings. The given study claims that the development of the linguistic landscape in Ukraine climaxed in a setting of de jure monolingual, yet de facto bilingual country: the new language legislation requires all...
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Misgendering from the perspective of philosophy of language
Fikejzová, Michaela ; Gvoždiak, Vít (advisor) ; Fulka, Josef (referee)
Misgendering as a phenomenon is currently analyzed mainly from the perspective of gender studies, where it is generally considered a hostile and morally contestable practice. The aim of the presented work is the analysis of misgendering from a completely different position - misgendering as an issue of reference. This type of analysis brings novel insights both to the debates in the field of gender studies and to the debates concerning reference as such. As an interpretative framework I am using Récanati's account on mental files; I am using this conceptual base for evaluating whether given reference and/or coreference may be considered (un)successful. In this framework I examine several model situations, where misgendering takes place, and based on this inquiry I propose a two-level typology of the misgendering phenomenon. The first level takes place only at the perceptual level, where the speaker forms singular thoughts about an object she's perceiving. At the second level, which includes interpersonal reference, I distinguish between three types of misgendering - unintentional, considerate intentional, and hostile intentional misgendering. In the text I oppose the conception of misgendering as only a hostile practice, as it is inevitable or even desirable in certain situations from a reference...
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Deleuze's asignifying semiotics
Charvát, Martin ; Marcelli, Miroslav (advisor) ; Gvoždiak, Vít (referee) ; Michalovič, Peter (referee)
Mgr. Martin Charvát Deleuze's asignifying semiotics Disertační práce Abstract: In the thesis I am trying to prove that Gilles Deleuze's philosophy must be considered in respect of his analysis of sign. Deleuze's philosophy is thus inseparable from his semiotics which I would like to show on the figure of philosophy as symptomatology. If we understand sign as a symptom we are also standing on the semiotic level. Signs are expressions of ways of life, of our understanding of the world around us. The problem of Deleuze's semiotics (which is connected with the problem of expression) leads us to the problem of genesis. In this respect the genesis is united with the concept of pure difference. Key words: Deleuze, Gilles - signs - semiotics - genesis - difference
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