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Possibilities of physiotherapy for functional disorders caused by vocal loading in singers
BÁRTOVÁ, Kateřina
This bachelor thesis is focused on the possibilities of physiotherapy for functional disorders from excessive vocal load in singers. Functional disorders caused by excessive vocal load are a very common, but also neglected issue of voice. These disorders are caused by a frequent overuse of the vocal cords by speech and singing voice, mainly due to a poor voice technique. Functional voice disorders occur in voices of the untrained, but also in voices of the profesionals. If vocal overload is not treated, phonaesthenia, hyperkinetic dysphonia or hypokinetic dysphonia may occur. If the patient is not getting treated even in this case, irreversible organic changes in their vocal system may occur. In functional vocal disorders, there is a dyscoordination of different parts of the vocal tract, hyperactivity of the exhalatory muscles, extra-laryngeal muscles, and vocal cord adductors. The treatment of functional disorders from excessive vocal load consists in the elimination of the primary causes. Re-education of the voice with the help of voice exercise and re-education of the related body system is important. The aim of this paperis to map the possibilities of physiotherapy for functional disorders from excessive vocal load in singers and to design an exercise unit as a prevention of functional vocal disorders. In the theoretical part, the bachelor thesis deals with the voice, the anatomy of the vocal system and its function. There are described functional voice disorders, their causes, and methods of treatment. Furthermore, the bachelor's thesis focuses on the description of physiotherapy options that can be used for functional disorders from excessive vocal load. The practical part of the bachelor thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is processed in the form of qualitative research. The research sample consists of two singers with repeated problems of overloaded vocal cords. The sample underwent an input and output kinesiological analysis and the design of the therapy was created according to the identified issues. The therapy had positive impact on both patients and helped their improvement. The second part is processed in quantitative form. The research sample consists of 100 amateur and professional singers who filled out a questionnaire focused on the education of respondents in the field of singing, their subjective opinion on the correct performance of singing, questions on vocal disorders and methods of their treatment. The questionnaire contains, as well, a short subjective test of vocal overload. The questionnaire maps singers' awareness and the incidence of vocal disorders among those surveyed. According to the results of the questionnaire, it can be stated that the education of singers is still insufficient. In accordance with the results of the questionnaire, a handbook for singers was compiled in order to prevent voice disorders with the help of prevention and to inform singers about functional voice disorders.
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Interaction of triazole terconazole with copper cations.
Bártová, Kateřina ; Jaklová Dytrtová, Jana (advisor) ; Navrátil, Tomáš (referee)
Terconazole is one of the triazole derivatives with an antifungal effect. It is used locally to treat vaginal yeast infections. Terconazole could interact with copper cations in the vagina or uterus of women, who use an intrauterine device releasing copper cations. Other triazole derivatives in complexes with copper cations differ in their properties like toxicity or mobility. Cu2+ can be reduced in the presence of triazoles, which can lead to a Fenton-like reaction and production of free radicals. Thus, the Cu2+ /Cu+ terconazole system can be potentially dangerous. Stoichiometry, fragmentation and stability of forming complexes were studied with tandem mass spectrometry. The Cu2+ /Cu+ terconazole system was measured within pH range from 4 to 7,2, with a concentration ratio of CuCl2 and terconazole 1:5 to 20:1, with water and ethanol as solvents (1:1). Results suggest that terconazole is partially oxidized in the Cu2+ /terconazole system and that this oxidation depends on the pH of a solution. Apart from oxidized and protonated terconazole, other detected ions and complexes were not significantly influenced by pH. The detection of complexes containing Cu+ is alarming because this could correspond with the occurrence of a Fenton-like reaction. Key words Terconazole, copper cations, complexes,...
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Media Discourse Analysis of rigt-wing weblog Altermedia.info
Bártová, Kateřina ; Jirků, Jan (advisor) ; Křeček, Jan (referee)
The thesis called Qualitative Analysis of Media Discourse of the Far-right Blog cz.altermedia.info deals with the discourse analysis of the Czech version of an international project Altermedia.info. Discourse analysis aims at differences between the discourse of the founding editor and the current one and analyses the neo-fascist nature of the blog. The theoretical framework of the analysis is based on the postmarxist theory of discourse introduced by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes the findings of researchers who are engaged in discourse analysis (structuralism, poststructuralism, Michel Foucault, Louis Althusser, Norman Fairclough, Teun van Dijk). The thesis also examines how specific meaning is constructed within the nationalist discourse of Altermedia and to what extent a new team of authors contributed to the change of discourse. The analysis identifies the main nodal points, which are involved in the construction of discourse, and examines the antagonistic processes within the two different editors. Discursive analysis reveals particular inclination of the current discourse of Altermedia for the neo-Nazi ideology, and thus indicates the fundamental antagonism between the founding editors and current one.
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Influence of pesticides on bees with focus on their endocrine disruptive effect
Bártová, Kateřina ; Erban, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hrabák, Jaroslav (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to assess the effect of imidacloprid in interaction with the mite Varroa destructor and deformed wing virus (DWV), transmitted by this mite, on the honeybee. Imidacloprid is a systematic pesticide belonging to the group of neonicotinoids acting as an agonists of acetylcholine receptor. The use of neonicotinoids in EU has been banned in 2013 due to its impact on honeybee health. However, residues of these substances still occur in the environment. Since 1950s, the mite V. destructor has spread from the original host Asian honeybee (Apis cerana) to the European honeybee (Apis mellifera). Varroa is serving as the vector for viruses, like DWV causing the crippled wings. Residues of pesticides, varroosis, viral and bacterial diseases together with other factors can cause honeybee colony collapse. These factors can interact via hidden mechanisms of interactions and affect honeybee health. The model experiment was performed using emerging worker bees. A total of four trials were performed. Two variants were treated with imidacloprid or the bees were exposed to Varroa collected from colonies with DWV clinical signs. Bees were fed with sugar solution or sugar solution with 2.5 μg/l of imidacloprid. Experiment lasted 72 hours and samples were analysed using a...
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Importance of diet in influencing the risk factors of CVD in patients treated with statins
Bártová, Kateřina ; Vrablík, Michal (advisor) ; Vaclová, Martina (referee)
Diet and other regimens are part of the treatment of dyslipidemia, where the objective is trough modification lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, to influence the cardiovascular risk and to reduce the risk of atherothrombotic compliations. The aim of this work was to investigate the importance of different diets in influencing the risk factors of KVO in patients treated with statins, i.e. to assess the dietary habits of these patients by means of a questionnaire and to monitor the changes, from before to after, of the selected anthropometric and laboratoty parameters. The study included 41 patients of an average age of age of 50 years ± 11. The duration of statin therapy: 88 % of them over half year, 12 % of them less than six months. 73 % of them do not smoke, 27 % were smokers. The dietary habits questionnaire was completed by the patient prior to education and subsequently evaluated. The monitored parameters - weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL-c, non- HDL-c, LDL-c, triglycerides, glycemia, glycated hemoglobin in diabetics were evaluated before and after 2-3 months of education. Patients were predominantly familiar with the basic rules of a low fat diet but over 30% patients consume food inappropriately for the diet and over 30 % of patients did not consume foods...
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Lactose intolerance and diet solution
Bártová, Kateřina ; Frühauf, Pavel (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with lactose intolerance and dietary solutions. The work is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes lactose intolerance, for example pathophysiology, incidence, clinical presentation, diagnosis, complications and treatment. The importance of drinking milk for children is explained in the chapter called Milk. The theoretical part is mainly devoted to dietary solutions. Lactose tolerance and principles of a low- lactose diet and lactose-free diet are described there. The table below contains an overview of common dairy products, including their hidden lactose value. Food which should be eatten, if lactose intolerance appears is described in the food section. This section is divided into naturally lactose free, reduced lactose and lactose free and alternative foods. The theoretical part also includes nutrition recommendations in cases of lactose intolerance. The practical part is about public knowledge of lactose intolerance. The aim was to determine if the respondents were familiar with the basic characteristics of the disease, with dining options for people with lactose intolerance, complications associated with the disease and whether they consume milk and dairy products or not. The result was obtained by quantitative research using...
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Media Discourse Analysis of rigt-wing weblog Altermedia.info
Bártová, Kateřina ; Jirků, Jan (advisor) ; Křeček, Jan (referee)
The thesis called Qualitative Analysis of Media Discourse of the Far-right Blog cz.altermedia.info deals with the discourse analysis of the Czech version of an international project Altermedia.info. Discourse analysis aims at differences between the discourse of the founding editor and the current one and analyses the neo-fascist nature of the blog. The theoretical framework of the analysis is based on the postmarxist theory of discourse introduced by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes the findings of researchers who are engaged in discourse analysis (structuralism, poststructuralism, Michel Foucault, Louis Althusser, Norman Fairclough, Teun van Dijk). The thesis also examines how specific meaning is constructed within the nationalist discourse of Altermedia and to what extent a new team of authors contributed to the change of discourse. The analysis identifies the main nodal points, which are involved in the construction of discourse, and examines the antagonistic processes within the two different editors. Discursive analysis reveals particular inclination of the current discourse of Altermedia for the neo-Nazi ideology, and thus indicates the fundamental antagonism between the founding editors and current one.
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Can I understand it?
Člověk v tísni, o. p. s. ; Bártová, Kateřina ; Cakl, Ondřej ; Dorůžková, Lucie ; Kadlecová, Markéta ; Kalibová, Klára ; Kubalík, Jiří ; Ludvíková, Miroslava ; Metelka, Petr ; Pospíchalová, Adéla ; Sedlášková, Petra ; Štampach, Ivan ; Toušek, Ladislav ; Vojtíšek, Zdeněk ; Zahradníková, Marie
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