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Comparison of the development of life expectancy and other characteristics of length of life in selected European countries
Lengsfeldová, Tereza ; Dotlačilová, Petra (advisor) ; Antovová, Michaela (referee)
The bachelor thesis compares characteristics of length of life in the Czech Republic, Norway and Spain in the period 1960-2014. The aim is to analyse the mortality process using life expectancy and median length of life at selected ages 0, 65 and 80 years and modal age at death. Decreasing infant mortality and better death rates for older persons positively still affect growth of lengths of life after completion of demographic transition. However, it leads to ageing population when people are dying at older age and number of these people is growing. This has the effect of assimilation of examined characteristics. Long-term different development of mortality through age structure has divided Europe into regions, consequently has occurred higher within-country gender difference. Women live longer than men. The new trend is reduction of gender difference at almost every age. It also researches these changes and differentials to prove or disprove convergence between men and women and selected characteristics of length of life.
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Young people and their view at planned parenthood
Zadražilová, Lucie ; Antovová, Michaela (advisor) ; Svačinová, Kornélia (referee)
The purpose of my bachelor´s thesis on the theme Young People and Their View of the Planned Parenthood is to find out trends and links in the Czech Republic concerning the mentioned problematics. The additional part of this work hold the conducted surveys. With the help of these surveys we can find out the opinion of people at the ideal age for birth of a child, ideal and planned number of children, the importance of the marriage for bringing up children, distribution of parental roles and lastly the attitude of young people to unintentional pregnancy. The part of the thesis is here also the historical schema of transformation in connection with paternal and maternal action and behaviour. The investigation was put through the analysis of the trends of fertility since 1989 until the present time. Thanks to this was deduced that with process of years the total fertility fell very significantly in comparison to the former investigated year that was the year 1989. At the specific rates of fertility I came to the conclusion from which we can deduce lowering intensity and simultaneously increase in the age of mothers. The thesis also presents the basic features of parenthood, its definition and coherences. At the same time the attention is paid to the planned parenthood and contraception that are very closely connected to the aim of having children, because women use these means against unwanted pregnancy very plentifully at the present time. Motherhood and fatherhood is now very carefully planned and it leads to its significant postponing to later age. Thanks to careful planning there is smaller amount of abortions. Lastly there is mentioned the topic assisted reproduction, which is sought-after even by younger women, mainly through the metod ICSI. Through the practiced surveys there was also confirmed and gave the evidence about the fact that people plan children in their later age and there is decrease in interest in early parenthood in total. According to the expectation the ideal and planned number of children remains at the number of two and at the same time the traditional model of the family is disappearing over the years.
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Development of Population Census in the Czech Republic
Houdková, Veronika ; Antovová, Michaela (advisor) ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to complete and assess of available information about the population census in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part deals with the development and history of population censuses in our territory. There is also briefly described the importance of the census and the utilization of data and results. Another part of this work is devoted to the last population census, which took place in 2011. Here are described especially major changes and innovations in comparison with some previous censuses. The last practical part of the work is aimed at working time series of the selected indicators based on result from the census of population and households and their subsequent analysis.
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Development and comparison of population census results of the Czech Republic and selected countries
Javorská, Kateřina ; Antovová, Michaela (advisor) ; Langhamrová, Jitka (referee)
The Bachelor's thesis is concerning to comparing of census of the Czech Republic and selected countries in Europe. The thesis contains twelve chapters, which include introduction, theoretical and practical part and conclusion. Theoretical part describes methods and collection of datas of census. It characterizes the history of evolution of census since ancient times till the last one which took place in 2011. Practical part targets to comparing of selected countries, such as Czech Republic, Switzerland, Norway, Romania and Portugal. There is description of last census in this countries and the used methods. Each country was compared according to demographical structure, economical activities, employment, unemployment and according to the three types of education. Prognostic part suggests possible methods and collection of datas for future census.
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Non-marital fertility and unmarried cohabitations with children in the Czech republic
Kotrbatá, Alena ; Nývlt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Antovová, Michaela (referee)
The objective of the thesis is to analyse the evolution of non-marital fertility from 2000 to 2015 and evolution of unmarried cohabitations with children in the Czech republic. The analysis is based on results of Census 2001 and 2011. Another task is focused on comparison of demographic characteristics of women, who gave birth outside the marriage and women, who were married in time of birth. The research on unmarried cohabitations with children is also related to marital cohabitations with children. The comparative method was used for this part of analysis. The description of historical evolution and the evolution within analysed period detect some factors, which affect non-marital fertility and the increasing number of unmarried cohabitations. The results of the analysis support the idea of diminishing family size and postponement of maternity. The fact, that non-marital fertility and unmarried cohabitation with a child is more typical for less educated women, has been proven.
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Analysis of longevity in the Czech Republic and Sweden
Hejnalová, Lucie ; Antovová, Michaela (advisor) ; Dotlačilová, Petra (referee)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is an analysis of longevity issue in Czech Republic and Sweden from 1969 to 2015. This thesis deals with very old old people and their sex structure and summarizes data sources of them. This analysis is concerned with a historical development of longevity and a current situation. Finally is provided a predict futures value of selected indicators in 2035. The forecast is performed using trend functions. The analysis of longevity shows increasing number very old old people in both countries. Between very old old people exist more often women than men. Level longevity of Czech Republic approaches to level of Sweden. The predict shows that number of seniors and very old old people will increase in future.
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The analysis of marriage and divorce rates in the Czech Republic in confrontation with Greece
Davidová, Monika ; Šimpach, Ondřej (advisor) ; Antovová, Michaela (referee)
Bachelor thesis follows up demographic development of marriage and divorce rates in Czech Republic and Greece during 1992-2012. The main diference is the religion. Greece is high-believer country. In the first chapter are defined basic terms and formulas which are used in analysis of results. The second chapter is about methodics. This part talks about the decomposition of time series and trend functions. In the third chapter are evaluated models. Analytical chapter shows reasons why values have this results. Next point is the comparing of crude rates, total divorce rate or proportions of children born outside marriage. Last subchapter is the forecasts of future development based on modeling trends and exponential smoothing. Bachelor thesis is creating summary view of development in marriage and divorce rates in Czech Republic and Greece.
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Maternity in later age or phenomenon of the present time
Zadražilová, Jana ; Miskolczi, Martina (advisor) ; Antovová, Michaela (referee)
The bachelor´s work concerns with maternity in late age and lays the goal to draft present trends showing in the Czech Republic, using qualitative research to reveal the opinions and experience of women facing the mentioned problem and find out how much they are influenced in decision about the time of birth of the child by the partner. The work brings basic historical overview of changes in family behaviour, theoretical approaches that try to explain these changes and moreover it devotes also to occurence of evolutional defects at children of older mothers, also older fathers and rising interest about methods of assisted reproduction in connection with still rising age of mothers. Using the analysis of the trends of fertility from the year 1989 was found that it got to decrease of total fertility and specific rate of fertility is still moving to higher age of women but with lower intensity. The average age of women is still rising and with this also the number of performed cycles of assisted reproduction. In the same time also the occurence of inborn defects at the age of women 35 and more is relatively high. Thanks to qualitative research were in most of cases confirmed the arguments for postponement of maternity got from the professional literature. Moreover was found low level of knowledge about the occurence of inborn defects at children of older expectant mothers and relying on the methods of assisted reproduction in case of inability to become pregnant. The attitude of the partner in deciding about the time to have the first baby is either the same as the woman partner or the attitude of the woman is in this matter primary. In question of having a baby or not is deciding the attitude of the partner.
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The impact of population ageing on the need for social care service in Vsetín district to 2030
Fojtů, Sára ; Antovová, Michaela (advisor) ; Dotlačilová, Petra (referee)
Europe's population is aging and this fact is reflected in the need to adapt the structure of social services in Europe, the Czech Republic and the regions. This thesis considers the need for social care services for seniors in district Vsetín due to population aging. Special attention is given to persons suffering from Alzheimer's disease or another type of dementia, since the occurence of these diseases increases with age. The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the current situation in the region and based on the data and population projections estimate the need for social care services in the future. District Vsetín has a higher proportion of seniors than most of the Czech Republic, which places bigger demands on the range of social care services for the elderly, and into the future, we expect a further increase in these claims.
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Socio-economic importance of family and trends in family behavior of the population of the Czech republic and Slovakia
Rousová, Petra ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (advisor) ; Antovová, Michaela (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the concept of family and its current status in life of the people in the Czech republic and Slovakia with focus on young people. Bachelor thesis is divided into three main chapters. The first chapter defines the concept of family in perspectives of different authors, it describes its functions, forms, its historical development and current socio-economic environment. The second chapter focuses on demographic development of indicators of marriage, divorce, birth, fertility and abortion. It includes the prognosis of future development. Demographic analysis is made from 1960, through 1993 with the population prognosis. On the basis of demographic indicators it describes current trends in family behavior. The third chapter is devoted to family policy in both countries and to the state support for families with children. This bachelor thesis tries to describe the situation of families in the Czech republic and Slovakia, compare the differences, and to estimate their possible future development.
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