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The Science in Intended Curriculum and Framework Documents in Selected Countries
Holec, Jakub ; Dvořák, Dominik (advisor) ; Knecht, Petr (referee) ; Žák, Vojtěch (referee)
The main aim of this study is to enrich the discourse on developing an intended form of the science curriculum in different country contexts. A multi-case study research design uses methods of content and comparative analysis to find answers to the research questions. The empirical part of the thesis consists of single case studies of England, Finland, Scotland and the United States of America containing contexts of the current curriculum development, description and interpretation of analysed structural and content phenomena in the curriculum of primary (ISCED 1) and secondary education (ISCED 2). Based on the single case studies of curricula, a comparative multi-case study is conducted, which focuses on the identification and interpretation of common and different features in the structure and content of the curricula to be compared. The studied documents can be divided into competency- oriented and subject-oriented curricula, nevertheless, each curriculum contains elements of both approaches. The subject content of the contemporary curricula seems to be more elaborated or at least more detailed than in documents of the previous decade. It is possible that even in the field of curriculum development there is political influence of neoconservative forces or an intellectual influence of so-called...
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Sorting Physics Tasks in Terms of Cognitive Operations and their Use in Teaching Practice
Kürtiová, Alica ; Žák, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Hejnová, Eva (referee)
This doctoral thesis is an extension of the diploma thesis entitled Physics Problems for Development of Various Cognitive Operations. The thesis focuses mainly on physical tasks available in the Collection of Solved Problems (http://physicstasks.eu). The main aim of this work is to sort individual tasks of the Collection in terms of cognitive operations. The analysis showed that the largest number of tasks involved are tasks requiring routine calculations, deduction and tasks focused on synthesis. However, tasks requiring categorization and classification, abstraction and generalization and tasks aiming at specification are almost absent in the Collection of Solved Problems, and therefore, according to our recommendation, these tasks could be added in the future. Tasks were categorized according to the taxonomy by D. Tollingerová into seventeen categories. The main benefit of this work for the creators of the Collection is to guide the categorizing of newly created tasks to the corresponding category of cognitive operations. This manual includes, among other things, cognitive operations' characteristics and demonstrations of specific physical tasks with commentaries. Other aim was to create four tests (topics Electrostatics and Electricity) with an emphasis on different types of tasks in terms of...
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Students's conception about physics as a science, evolving knowledge in science and their oppinions about learning science
Rakovská, Jitka ; Kekule, Martina (advisor) ; Žák, Vojtěch (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on student's epistemological opinions on physics, more specifically on the structure of scientific knowledge, character of knowing and learning of physics and on sources of ability to study. The goal of this thesis is to use quality research and focus on intense survey of student's visions related to above mentioned. Research metod was semistructured interview using questions from questionnaire EBAPS (Epistemological Beliefs Assessment For Physical Science). I have decided to choose nine students of high schools from Zlín's region, with different sex and study results in physics to realize all interviews. Four interviews were rewrited and encoded. What I found the most interesting is that students with the same attitude may have different opinions. Even all students had different opinions to facts, on the other hand, they all agreed, the most important is to fully understand the theory. Keywords: epistemology, dimension, coding
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Historical experiments and their analogies as a part of physics education at upper secondary school level
Špilínková, Ivana ; Žák, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Koudelková, Věra (referee)
Title: Historical experiments and their analogies as a part of physics education at upper secondary school level Author: Ivana Spilmkova Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: KNDr. Mgr. Vojtech Zak, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: This bachelor thesis is focused on activities related to historical experiments. With regard to the aim of the bachelor thesis, research on Czech and international sources concerning to the use of historical experiments in physics education was carried out. For further processing. Oersted's, experiment and historical methods of measurement of gravitational acceleration and speed of light were selected. Activities related to these experiments were verified in physics lessons at various classes of grammar school (both upper and lower). According to lessons, these activities were modified. The proposals of these activities are presented in materials intended for physics teachers. Keywords: experiment, historical experiment, physics, physics at secondary school
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Physics education as a part of leisure time activities
Brynych, Miroslav ; Žák, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Mandíková, Dana (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on the support of educational leisure time organizations, which deal with science education, but not in the first place. Within the diploma thesis a literature search for non-formal science education was conducted and seven activities with supporting materials for the purpose to educate the participants of these activities as well as the organizers of them were created. The activities were prepared in such way to respect the fact that their organizer did not typically study science at university. The supporting materials should facilitate the preparation, carrying out and evaluation of the activity. All activities were verified in practice at meetings of the leisure time organization Junák - český skaut, z. s. The purpose of this verification was to find out whether and how the activities could be used in practice. Structured interviews with organizers and observation wre used to receive feedback. The final form of the supporting materials of particular activities is presented in the diploma thesis.
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Implementation of selected applets to the teaching of physics
Kotmel, František ; Dvořáková, Irena (advisor) ; Žák, Vojtěch (referee)
My Bachelor's dissertations deals with the utilisation of physical applets in education. In the first part, I study the issue of implementing tablets in schools. In the second part, the work displays the possibilities of utilising the Physics at school application.. The quintessential part of the work is the fifth chapter, where are nine working lists with the utilisation of the Physics at school application as well with author's answers. The sixth chapter entails the evaluation of previous classes using the lists. The working lists are primarily structured for students between 7 and 9 grade of the primary school.
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Electronic Textbook in Mathematical Methods of Physics
Kolář, Petr ; Žák, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Snětinová, Marie (referee)
Title: Electronic Textbook in Mathematical Methods of Physics Author: Bc. Petr Kolář Department: Department of Physics Education FMP CU Supervisor: RNDr. Vojtěch Žák, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education FMP CU Abstract: The objective of this work is to continue in Electronic Textbook in Introduction of Mathematical Methods of Physics and to create an other studing text not only for the first grade students (future physics teachers) at FMP CU but also for other students of physical and technical domains at universities which should help them with an introduction into mathematic necessary in physics. The main matter of this work is based on preparations and texts of dr. A Hladík, prof. J. Podolský and dr. V. Žák for lectures and exercises of subject Introduction of Mathematical Methods of Physics and Mathematical Methods in Physics I. The author's experience are also reflected. Equally, a small recherche of an existence and an availability of other sources pursuing given matters has been done. Some of these sources are recommended in this work. The created text should help readers with elementary matter of antiderivatives and Riemann integrals, double and triple integrals and integrals of the first kind with a special consideration to their applications in physics. A contribution of this and previous work for...
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The Quality of Teaching by Beginning Physics Teachers
Martínková, Jana ; Žák, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Mandíková, Dana (referee)
The strategic goal of the research is to contribute to the search for connections between the teaching quality and other factors, and to deepen the understanding of the context of the teaching quality. The research question is posed as follows: Which parameters of the quality of physics teaching are typical for beginning teachers? To answer the question a mixed method research design was used and a case study was chosen as the basic research plan. An ex-post-facto research was chosen as the design of the quantitative part of the research, and the data was collected using the method of pedagogical observation. Regarding the qualitative part, the data was collected using semi-structured interviews. The research sample consisted of four physics teachers, teaching in grammar schools, who have recently graduated from the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of Charles University. This research shows that there are parameters of the quality of physics teaching which the teachers have in common (e.g. high level of physics expertise, lecturing, mathematics, abstraction, knowledge structure). Besides common features of the teaching quality of the selected teachers there are certain differences (e.g. teaching aids, experiments, work with text, student's activity, demands placed on students).
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