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Biomechanical aspect of speed canoe technic
Štryncl, Radim ; Šifta, Petr (advisor) ; Šorfová, Monika (referee) ; Cirkl, David (referee)
Name of the thesis: Biomechanical aspects of speed canoeing techniques in the context of asymmetric loading of the postural system Aim of the thesis: The main aim of the work was, based on theoretical knowledge and own empirical research, to analyze the biomechanical aspects of the technique of riding a C1 speed canoe in the context of asymmetric loading of the postural system . . Solution method: Based on the knowledge of functional anatomy and with the use of analyzes of the real riding of the top athletes (N = 12), the kinesiological aspects of riding the C1 speed canoe were investigated in the preliminary research. Biomechanical aspects of paddling were further investigated using 3D kinematic analysis (N = 9). Influence of long-term training efforts on differences in muscle cross-sections mm. iliopsoas a mm. quadratus lumborum on both sides of the body was examined by magnetic resonance imaging (N = 5). The muscle sections were performed in the transverse plane at the level of L 3, L 4. The studies were conceived as pilot due to their time, organizational and financial demands. Results: Riding a C1 speed canoe is a locomotively complex movement pattern during which the postural system is exposed to two types of asymmetric loads. Both are related to the geometry of motion. First of all, it is a...
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Specific tests of aspects of quality of life in lower limb amputees and the use of the TAPES-R questionnaire
Kotrbatá, Karolína ; Šorfová, Monika (advisor) ; Heller, Jan (referee)
A loss of a lower body extremity affects all parts of life. Essentially mobility is limited, that is projected into occupational, social and leisure activities. Consequence can be psychological disorders and even in the worst case social isolation. Therefore, it is important to follow up quality of life of people with lower body extremity amputation, label problematic areas and prioritise their solution comprehensive rehabilitation. Thesis summary includes general information of amputation, their consequences and prosthetics. Factors, which can affect life quality of lower body extremity amputees, were also included. Simultaneously was done a collection and description of questionnaires of this certain population. In the thesis was used a method of reverses translation of TAPES-R questionnaire and then applied to lower body extremity amputees in the Czech Republic. Results were analysed. Those indicate, that the majority of problems occur in hobby and sport sphere. Another limitations were shown in employment, prosthesis comfort and occurrence of phantom or other pains. Results did not confirm hypothesis of existence of a link between prior past since amputation and lowering frequency of phantom difficulties or perception of own physical abilities during increasing time period since amputation....
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Test dummy validation - differences in human mechanical response
Literová, Lucie ; Jelen, Karel (advisor) ; Šorfová, Monika (referee)
Title: Validation of the test dummy - differences in human mechanical response Objectives: The main goal of this thesis was to verify the usability of the Dummy Hybrid III for crash tests in the transport industry (the front and side directions). Methods: In the presented thesis, experimental methods were used to achieve the goal. The measurement of small impacts in laboratory conditions was carried out using the pendulum of the Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics of the UK FTVS. The measurement was performed on humans as well as on the Dummy Hybrid III. We monitored the reactions in the thoracic spine (thoracic vertebra Th5) and on the top of the head after impacts by a pendulum on certain areas on the human body/dummy. Impacts were delivered in four different intensities to the forehead, temporal bone, chest, shoulder and thigh. The measured impact quantity was the impact velocity. The observed magnitude of the response on the human body and dummy was the magnitude of the resulting acceleration in the area of the Th5 thoracic vertebra and the top of the head. Results: The results of this work have expanded the knowledge in the field of crash tests in the transport industry. Thanks to the obtained results, there was verified the suitability of the laboratory model of the pendulum for further...
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The acute effect of percusive therapy on postural stability and muscle activation in people with chronic ankle instability and controls
Michal, Lukáš ; Hank, Mikuláš (advisor) ; Šorfová, Monika (referee)
F2 = 0.15; with a significance level of α = 0.05 and a test power of β = - - (p=0.014) CAI NO PRE (CNP) and HEALTHY YES POST (HYPO) and between the CAI NO POST (CNPO) vs. HYPO (p=0.05). The only statistical difference (p=0.045) within CAI group was found in CNP vs. CAI YES POST (CYPO). Since there was no significant difference in the pre-tests between any of the groups (CNP and CYP), we may confirm the hypothesis of the effect of PT in postural stability (OE) test. In contrast, in the CE test, this change was observed between groups CNPO and CYPO (p=0.05). Since there was no pre-test difference between the CAI groups in CE parameter, we may also confirm the effect of PT in CE test, even though the intragroup outcomes between pre and post-test weren't sensitive enough to find significant (p<0.05) improvement. Unilateral postural stability surveyed in relation to PT showed increased bilateral asymmetry between DOM and NON in Flamingo test (expressed as %). Especially HYPO group revealed risen asymmetry after PT when compared to CNPO (p=0.007), CNP (p=0.015) and CYPO (p=0.05). Key finding was measured significant difference in intragroup parameter between HYP vs. HYPO (p=0.014), which confirmed increased bilateral asymmetry in unilateral postural stability HEALTHY subjects before and after use of PT, but not...
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Evaluation of functional biomechanical parameters of locomotion depending on the performed amputation in LL
Blažek, Michal ; Jelen, Karel (advisor) ; Šorfová, Monika (referee)
Title: Evaluation of functional biomechanical locomotion parameters depending on the performed amputation in LL Objectives: The goals of this thesis are the following: to compare asymmetry in step cycle time, pelvis, hip and knee movement and lower limb loading while walking, also to compare sagittal movement of pelvis while walking, postural stability in stance and subjective scoring of the functional skills and the quality of life in healthy controls, transfemoral and knee disarticulation amputees. Methods: 6 healthy controls and 3 amputees in each amputation group were included in this experiment. Qualisys motion capture system and Kistler force plates to collect objective data and specific sections of Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire for subjective scoring were used. The participants were observed while level walking forward and backward with self-selected speed and in a quiet stance with eyes either open or closed with narrow support base. Statistical analysis was carried out in Microsoft Excel. Results: In terms of asymmetry assessment of the selected ambulation parameters there were identified more symmetrical values in the knee disarticulation group in 63 % of 33 monitored parameters. However, statistical significance was exceeded only in a single parameter. Concerning pelvic movement in...
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Conservative treatment of proximal humerus fractures in elderly people - literary research
Holubová, Šárka ; Šorfová, Monika (advisor) ; Malá, Jitka (referee)
Title: Conservative treatment of proximal humerus fractures in the elderly: literature review Objectives: The aim of this thesis is a search processing mostly foreign available sources in the field of proximal humerus fractures in the elderly. The analyzed studies focus on the effectiveness of early therapy using early mobilization and also on the aspects that lead to the persistence of problems related to this diagnosis in the elderly. These studies are evaluated and compared on the basis of theoretical knowledge of the issue. The purpose of this work is to obtain an up-to-date overview of the issue and to present evidence of the effectiveness of this type of treatment. Methods: The diploma thesis is processed in the form of a literary research. The sources were researched in the PubMed, PEDro, MEDLINE, EBSCOhost, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The first part of the thesis contains a theoretical introduction to the issue of aging and related changes, it also focuses on fractures of the proximal humerus and their treatment. The second part of the work has a descriptive - analytical character and contains an analysis of selected studies that focus on the evaluation of early therapy after fractures of the proximal humerus. Results: At the end of the search, 6 studies focusing on early therapy...
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Effect of strength training in improving range of movement.
Hradcová, Veronika ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Šorfová, Monika (referee)
Title: Effect of strength training in improving range of movement - a systematic review Objective: The aim of this diploma thesis is to find answers to research questions in a form of systematic review and to evaluate if strength training has effects on improving range of movement, or if it restricts it or if it doesn't affect it at all. This systematic review also aims to find out how many researchers are inclined to these individual influences of strength training. Method: The Google scholar, PubMed and Web of Science databases were selected for the study search, in which 140 studies were found on basis of established criteria, which were complemented by 4 studies from other sources, from which 128 were subsequently obtained after removing duplicates. An abstract of these studies was studied, of which 95 studies were unsuitable and were therefore excluded. The remaining 33 studies were further studied and, if they met the criteria of at least one research question, were subseqently included in present review. A total of 18 studies were included in present review, which were further classified into research questions according to additional criteria. For each research question, the studies were evaluated separately and the results of the studies were clearly recorded in a table for subseqent...
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The relationship between Véle-test results and results of instrumented evaluation of postural stability
Dvořáčková, Terezie ; Šorfová, Monika (advisor) ; Tlapáková, Eva (referee)
Title: The relationship between Véle-test results and results of instrumented evaluation of postural stability Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between a clinical tool for measuring postural stability, Véle-test and instrumented evalution of the same modality. The observed parameters are COM movement, range of motion in hip joints and in the functional complex of ankle and foot. An additional pedobarographic measurement was performed to define the relationship between Véle-test results and foot loading assymetry. The characteristics of this study suggest that our objective is also to find an approppriate aproach to further objectivization and stardardization of the Véle-test. In the first part of this thesis, I define the theoretical background for the experiment. Also, the current insight of physical therapy and biomechanics on the functional complex of the ankle and foot is described. Methods: The subjects (n=15, mean age 24y) were divided into two groups (S1, n1=7; S2, n2=8) according to the results of Véle test. Further, they underwent instrumented testing by pliance-x® sensing system, a 60s pedobarographic measurement was held in quiet standing. After, the Xsens MVN Link suit for 3D kinematic analysis was applied and the subjects were measured in two different...
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Shape changes in the axial system during respiration
Slawiková, Eliška ; Šorfová, Monika (advisor) ; Dudová, Agnieszka (referee)
The name of the work: Shape changes in the axial system during respiration Goal of the work: the main objective is to perform a case study of brass parameters and changes the shape of the trunk during the ventilation maneuver, prepare the correct methodology of research and to conduct separate measurements. The thesis will be divided into two parts, the first will contain the theoretical background to the subject, in the second part will then be described by the research, where I measured the change in the volume of the lungs in relation to time, assess the impact of implemented ventilation maneuver on the individual probands and examine the respiratory dynamics in selected ventilation maneuver. Methods: in the framework of the fulfilment of the tasks of this work have been carried out experiments with the use of 3D kinematic record with Qualisys and spirometric measurement. The experiment involved three probands aged 20 to 40 specific common features. Each of the proband performed during the measurement of quiet breathing, maximum inhalation and exhalation and ventilation maneuver. Measurements were carried out in one day under standard conditions, measurements made on the day of probands quiet breathing, maximum inhalation and exhalation and ventilation maneuver (5 min total). Data records were...
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Possibilities of the Therapeutic Use of the Singing Technique in Physiotherapy
Kopečková, Hana ; Otáhal, Stanislav (advisor) ; Šorfová, Monika (referee)
Název: Možnosti využití pěvecké techniky jako terapie ve fyzioterapii Possibilities of the Therapeutic Use of the Singing Technique in Physiotherapy Cíle práce: Poukázat na možnost využití zpěvu jako terapeutické techniky ve fyzioterapii. Poukázat na zvláštnosti mechaniky dýchání při zpěvu měřením průtoku a sledováním topografických změn ventrální části trupu. Metoda: Zvláštnosti mechaniky dýchání při zpěvu byly analyzovány na základě literární rešerše v teoretické části a v části experimentální byly zkoumány změny průtoku vydechovaného vzduchu a sledovány topografické změny trupu při dvou odlišných pěveckých úkolech, u kterých se předpokládaly velmi rozdílné nároky na dýchání. Pro provedení experimentu byla zvolena metoda průtokové spirometrie a metoda slfnového moiré. Výsledky: Teoretická část práce přinesla užitečné informace k otázce vzájemných vztahů mezi respirační mechanikou a pěveckou technikou. Z výsledků experimentu je zřejmá značná variabilita dechových strategií při provádění zvolených pěveckých cvičeni, což dokazuje možnost terapeutického využití zpěvu u respiračních onemocnění. Klíčová slova: pěvecká technika, dýchání, terapie, spirometrie, stínové moiré
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