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The possibility of using projective method PFT in screening for autoimmune diseases.
Šilha, Martin ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor) ; Čáp, David (referee)
Summary: This diploma thesis deals with the relation between autoimmune processes at biological level (through proven neurological autoimmune disease - multiple sclerosis) and possible autoaggressive processes at the mental level. It is divided into several points. The first one introduces human immunity in general. The first part is followed by immune system description, including autoimmunity and the principle of diseases of this system. Thereafter, psychological aggression is described, in which the division into aggression and auto- aggression fits. This is followed by chapters on projective psychodiagnostics taking into account the detection of various forms of aggression. Then, the thesis focuses on the study of possible auto-aggressive manifestations in patients suffering from the most widespread neurological autoimmune disease, multiple sclerosis. The second half of the thesis describes the author's research on this topic.
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Attention of high school students with the use of earplugs during the learning process
Doležalová, Pavlína ; Lukavský, Jiří (advisor) ; Čáp, David (referee)
Attention is a complex ability, which significantly contributes to the process of intentional learning. On the theoretical level, this thesis focuses on the types and theories of attention related to the effective management of school demands. More specifically, it focuses on the development period of older school age and adolescence, i. e. secondary school pupils. The paper analyzes the results of scientific studies that have been focused on the research of attention and its properties (e.g. stability, concentration or selectivity). The work is focused on examining whether a low-cost compensation aid - here earplugs - can improve concentration and stability of attention during learning. Furthermore, the work briefly mentions the physiological basis of the functioning of this cognitive process. The conclusion of the theoretical part of the paper maps the current possibilities of diagnostics of attention, especially in children and adolescents. There are also sporadic mentions of selected attention disorders (e.g. ADD, ADHD), which are closely related (not only) to learning. In the empirical part of the thesis, a quantitative research is described, using several different tests of attention. The research question is whether and how the attention (concentrating) and, where appropriate, the...
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Possibilities of therapeutic and counseling work with women as victims of domestic violence
Tláskalová, Michaela ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Kostelníková, Zuzana (referee)
This Bachelor thesis deals with the characteristics of domestic violence and maps out individual therapeutic and counseling approaches for female victims of domestic violence. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on psychological aspects of domestic violence - on its definition, signs, impact, and most importantly its main types. It also describes the domestic violence cycle and various models for female reactions to it. Furthermore, it outlines the principles of communication with victims of domestic violence as well as the process of breaking away from violent relationships. Selected therapeutic and counseling methods of dealing with victims of domestic violence are presented, e.g. crisis intervention, couples' therapy, counseling, cognitive-behavioral based therapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy, and self-help support groups. Czech institutions that help victims of domestic violence are also mentioned. In relation to that, a research project is proposed. Its aim is to reduce negative symptoms related to the experiences of domestic violence victims. Reduction of such symptoms would be the result of a specific psychotherapeutic program. Keywords domestic violence, victim, violent partner, therapy, counseling
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The Possibilities of Therapeutic and Counseling Services for a Child as a Victim of Domestic Violence
Láchová, Markéta ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Kostelníková, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to introduce the issue of domestic violence against children and specific forms of therapy, whose effectiveness in terms of self-evaluation of the child is compared in the research proposal. The literary-review section is divided into two parts, the first of which deals with the definition of domestic violence. Through child trauma and CAN syndrome, it reaches to the forms and effects of domestic violence on the child. The second part deals with specific forms of child therapy and also deals with general principles and issues of confidentiality in working with children. There are also some specific approaches that are used abroad. The research design uses a repeat measurement design, ie pre-test and post-test. The child is tested by the PAQ self-esteem scale, which is part of Rohner's family diagnostics battery. He is then given an intervention in the form of one of three selected types of therapy, namely play therapy, storytelling therapy, or sand therapy. After the therapy, the child is again measured by the PAQ scale. The differences in self-esteem before and after therapy are compared within the individual forms of therapy and secondly with the population average in children who are not victims of domestic violence. The results can be used to streamline the...
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Programs for the originator of domestic violence
Kubešková, Veronika ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
The aim of this master thesis is to present the form and effectivity of domestic violence offender programs. The thesis is made up of two main parts. The first part is literary review, while the other one is a research related to the previous theory. The literary review part summarises the programs' goals, and their overall form (form, process, used methods and techniques). The most significant text is the chapter about the effectivity of the programs and then the segment talking about factors increasing the effectivity of those programs. The chapter about the effectivity of the programs is followed by a research, focusing mainly on subjective evaluation (perceived efficiency) of the program from the attendees' point of view. The empirical part is divided into three self-contained sections: 1. creating a network of organisations working with domestic violence offenders, 2. thematic analysis based on final evaluation questionnaires of the individual programs, 3. evaluation of program attendees' interviews. Key words Domestic violence, violence offender, domestic violence offender program, program forms, program effectivity, effectivity increasing factors
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Selected psychological aspects of adolescence and early adulthood in persons with acquired physical disability (with a focus on quadruplegia and paraplegia)
Lindenthalová, Tereza ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Čáp, David (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the psychological aspects of adolescence and early adulthood in persons with acquired physical disabilities, focusing on paraplegia and quadruplegia. There are many psychological aspects that are related to the acquired spinal lesion of adolescents and early adulthood. This work focuses only on some of them. Based on the study of foreign and Czech researches, studies and latest findings, selected areas such as coping strategies used by young paraplegics and quadruplegics, their life satisfaction and the impact of their participation in society for overall adaptation to injuries are described. There are also mentioned the barriers that stand on the path of an individual with a disability to integrate into society. The thesis deals with disability as a difficult life situation and as a challenge. In the practical part, we are dealing with a proposal of research focused on adolescent girls with acquired paraplegia and quadruplegia. The subject of research will be the quality of life of these girls in relation to different variables. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Criteria for Selection of the First Sexual Partner in Adolescents
Lexová, Eliška ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Čáp, David (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the criteria that influence the choice of the first sexual partner in adolescence. The work focuses on the sexuality of adolescents and the beginning of sexual life due to their psychosexual development. In addition, the paper deals with the question of what is involved in the formation of sexuality in this period, the way in which the original family, sexual education, the media or peers are involved. The thesis also discusses various influential partner selection theories that may be related to the choice of the first sexual partner. The empirical part handle the design of a research project, which focuses on how adolescents choose their first sexual partner. It also deals with the different circumstances of sexual debut that will help us make a preview of the whole issue. Keywords adolescence, sexuality, sexual debut, choice criteria
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Depression and postraumatic stress disorder as a consequence of the domestic violence
Pšák, Adam ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Trojanová, Hana (referee)
Bachelor work is focused on the current phenomenon of the domestic violence. It informs the reader on its specifics and characteristic development with its forms, be it any kind of violence that is being used in the intimate relationship. The work introduces the variety in which the domestic violence can occur. It introduces the "cycle of domestic violence", that can be a good marker whether we are dealing with domestic violence or intimate partner violence. Next task of this work is to define the concept of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression in the context of domestic violence, but to point out the symptoms of either of the two disorders. Last goal of the first part of this bachelor work is to offer selected interventions, with mainly focusing on short intervention, to introduce them, present the aims of these interventions and compare their positives and negatives. The second part of this bachelor work offers a potential research that would focus on comparing the victims of domestic violence and partners that live in the conflict relationships. The aim of the research is to attempt to find potential threats in the form of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression in the case of victims of domestic violence and those who have ended a conflict relationship.
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Resilience in children exposed to domestic violence and its enhancement in selected therapeutic approaches
Heřmánková, Zlata ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Trojanová, Hana (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to introduce the topic of children exposed to domestic violence. First, it defines the phenomenon of domestic violence and briefly describes its types and possible development. Second, it enables its readers to look into the topic of children exposed to domestic violence, with the primary focus on various forms of exposure and its possible consequences. Third, it presents the phenomenon of resilience and its specifics in children exposed to domestic violence. Eventually, it expands on selected therapeutic approaches being used in treatment of these children with the emphasis on resilience enhancement. It elaborates on practice in the Czech republic. The empirical part of the thesis presents a quantitative research proposal regarding resilience enhancement within therapy in children exposed do domestic violence. Keywords domestic violence, children, resilience, therapy
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Selected Psychological Aspects of Racism
Medková, Emilie ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Vranka, Marek (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on selected psychological aspects of racism. In the introduction, I define basic concepts of the problem and I present wider context of psychology of racism. The main focus of the thesis is put on psychological forms of racism, racist attitudes, stereotypes and prejudices and their measurement. An important part also deals with psychological roots of racism and psychological theories that explain racism. The next chapter is focused on the specifics of adolescence in the context of racism. The research part is an explicit and implicit measurement of the attitudes of adolescents towards ethnic or national minorities that play animportan role in the Czech Republic. 404 high school students participated in the research. In addition to the results of the individual parts of the research, it is also beneficial the correlation of the methods and the comparison with the previous studies, which indicates the complexity of the problem.
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