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How foreign accent and speech errors affect speaker credibility
Machová, Kateřina ; Chládková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Houzar, Alžběta (referee)
Research into listeners' attitudes towards speakers with foreign accents and speech impediments has been in the spotlight for many years. This diploma thesis aims to contribute to the group of these researches in the Czech environment. Its topic is to compare the influence of foreign accent and speech impediment on the perceived credibility of the speaker. Specifically, the influence of French accent and rhotacism, i.e. articulation disorder when an individual is unable to pronounce the sound /r/ as required by the norm of his native language, was examined. As recorded material, a total of 55 sentences containing the sound /r/ in various contexts and positions and 14 sentences without this sound were compiled. From these stimuli, four versions of the perceptual test were created, always so that all four speakers appeared, in foreign accent and speech impediment conditions only once, in standard Czech twice - one speaker in sentences containing /r/, the other speaker in sentences not containing /r/. The first hypothesis was that the occurrence of rotacism and French accent would negatively affect the perceived credibility of the speaker compared to a speaker without a French accent and without a speech impediment. The second hypothesis was that speakers with French accents would be rated as less...
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Leisure activity for the physically and mentally handicapped, swimming SK Kapři Jindřichův Hradec
MÁCHOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor's thesis deals with the leisure activity of the physically and mentally disabled. It represents the sports club of Jindřich Hradec, which is devoted to children and adults with disabilities not only in the field of swimming. It theoretically describes the basic distribution of physical and mental disabilities, free time, leisure activities and the history of swimming in the world and in the Czech Republic. It deals with the influence of leisure activities on healthy and disabled individuals.
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Lineage plasticity of leukemic cells
Slámová, Lucie ; Mejstříková, Ester (advisor) ; Brdička, Radim (referee) ; Machová Poláková, Kateřina (referee)
So far, the lymphoid to myeloid lineage switch during the treatment of B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP ALL) was identified only rarely in patients with the MLL gene rearrangement. We discovered a novel BCP ALL subset switching to monocytoid lineage during an early phase of the treatment - swALL ("switching" ALL) with no MLL gene rearrangement. The proportion of swALL cases among BCP ALLs was unexpectedly high (3-4%). All swALLs have expressed the CD2 antigen (LFA-2). The upregulation of C/EBPα gene and hypomethylation of the CEBPA promoter were significant in blasts already at diagnosis, proceeding the lineage switch in the majority of the cases. SwALL patients were characterized by unique subpopulation of the cells coexpressing B lymphoid and monocytoid markers. Changes in the gene expression of M-CSFR, GM- CSFR and other genes accompanied the lineage switch. The lineage switch could be recapitulated in vivo and in vitro. Even if the children patient with swALL respond slowly to initial therapy, the prognosis is comparable to "other" BCP ALLs. Risk-based ALL therapy appears to be the treatment of choice for swALL. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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TEL/AML1, BCR/ABL and TEL/ABL Fusion genes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Žaliová, Markéta ; Trka, Jan (advisor) ; Machová Poláková, Kateřina (referee) ; Pospíšilová, Dagmar (referee)
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in childhood. It represents a group of clinically and biologically heterogenous malignancies that can be subclasified into several subtypes according to the presence of recurrent genetic aberrations. The typical genetic aberrations in childhood ALL are chromosomal translocation, that often result in creation of fusion genes encoding either chimeric kinases or chimeric transcription factors. These recurrent genetic aberations are aquired lesions, they are supposed to be the initial hits (that may arise even prenataly) with a causal role in the process of leukemogenesis, which is, however, in the majority of them not yet fully understood. They further represent specific markes used for the detection of leukemic cells and some of them have also prognostic significance and belong among the factors used for risk group stratification in treatment protocols. Risk group stratification and subsequent risk-adapted therapy together with introduction of new therapeutic approaches (intensive chemotherapeutic regimens involving intrathecal application, hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), supportive therapy) account for the significant improvement of the treatment outcomes of childhood ALL in the last decades. In addition to genotype, several...
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The impact of influencers on their audience with focus on generation 30+
Machová, Kateřina ; Jirků, Jan (advisor) ; Šimková, Karolína (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the impact of influencers on their users among the age group of 30-89 years old, describes the field of influencing and its associated areas. It explains the engagement of these influential people in influencer marketing, describes advertising, collaboration, persuasion and influencing within social media platforms. The most used social networks used by influencers (Instagram, Facebook, TikTok, YouTube) are presented as well, including the news that these networks have introduced over the last few years. The most powerful influencers in the Czech Republic are mentioned too, including their online and offline activities. Furthermore, the research types, which were used for this thesis, are theoretically defined and the used methodology is also described. The main parts of the diploma thesis are the summary results of the questionnaire survey of 120 respondents and in- depth interviews with 30 of them. The aim of the research was to find out the extent and character of the impact of influencers on the age group of 30-89 years old and to learn more information and opinions that will help for a better understanding of this phenomenon across the older age groups. In both surveys, the research sample is evenly and proportionally distributed among the age groups in order to...
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Study of the regulatory properties of oncogenic microRNAs under normal and pathologically altered conditions in order to detect new tumors.
Dusílková, Nina Borisovna ; Stopka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Machová Poláková, Kateřina (referee) ; Rohoň, Peter (referee)
Oncogenic microRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that inhibit post-translational regulatory mechanisms at the epigenetic level. miRNAs are often deregulated in malignancies and due to their stability are detectable in non-cellular fractions of peripheral blood. In our laboratory, we have performed several studies that have investigated and utilized miRNAs as biomarkers for various hematological tumors (e.g., chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin`s lymphoma) and solid tumors (e.g., breast cancer). The aim of these studies was to find the association of miRNAs with pathophysiological and clinical aspects of each disease. Here, we confirmed the importance of particular miRNA or its complex during disease monitoring. Combining clinical, molecular biological and statistical analyses, we were able to find miRNA sets that fulfilled not only a diagnostic role but also a prognostic role beyond expectations. The main focus of this thesis is on the investigation of microRNAs in the diagnosis of a hematological malignancy - primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Tumor specificity of some miRNAs has been demonstrated. Their aberrant expression in tissue samples of CTCL patients obtained from skin biopsies, correctly distinguished malignant disease from control samples of benign skin lesions. Here, we...
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