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Improvement of Manganese Separation in Drinking Water Treatment
Bartoš, Ladislav ; Janda, Václav (referee) ; Hlaváč, Jaroslav (referee) ; Dolejš, Petr (advisor)
The submitted paper covers manganese comprehensively. The introduction provides an overview of its basic physical and chemical properties. Its compounds are discussed individually, including their preparation, production, and practical uses. Furthermore, a list of analytical methods in which manganese is involved in the form of its compounds as reagents is included. The same section includes an overview of analytical methods whereby manganese and its compounds are detected, primarily in water industry processes. Attention is paid to manganese as a non-negligible constituent of the various parts of the environment. The section on manganese’s biogenic properties is interesting from the viewpoint of its toxicity as well as its role as an important biogenic element, indispensable primarily for mammals. The subsequent chapters discuss the various methods which are suitable, under specific conditions, for separation in the treatment of surface and underground water aimed at producing drinking, process, or industrial water, where a minimal concentration of this metal is required. The impact of the physical/chemical conditions which influence the efficiency of separation in a manner ranging from non-negligible to principal, is discussed further on. Given the specifics of treatment of surface [and] underground water, the chapters provide more details on the processes suitable for specific types of matrix and specific conditions. Next chapters sum up many years of the author’s observations and experiences in the various parts of the water management system, from the raw water source to treatment to distribution, focusing on surface and underground water separately. Last chapter describes the construction of a water treatment plant model, its launch and calibration, and the tests focused on separating manganese by way of coagulation using aluminium and iron sulphate.
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Dissolved Air Flotation – From Pilot Plant to Full Scale Implementation
Dobiáš, Pavel ; Hlaváč, Jaroslav (referee) ; Janda,, Václav (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Dolejš, Petr (advisor)
The thesis deals with the use of dissolved air flotation (DAF) in water treatment technology in the Czech Republic. It summarizes the knowledge gained at pilot plant studies as well as the experience with full-scale flotation units which have been built in potable water treatment plants in the Czech Republic in years 2006-2018. This thesis provides a broad background of experimental studies of a modern separation process, which does have great advantages in the removal of natural organic matter and microorganisms from water in the drinking water treatment industry. In this thesis, there are presented some examples of the excellent efficiency of the microorganisms removal, both under the experimental conditions as well as water treatment plants, which were improved by DAF units installation in full scale. In addition to the high separation efficiency, it is shown, how DAF units could influence the subsequent separation steps as for example filtration through the granular media. The negative influence of the pre-ozonization on the DAF separation efficiency in Hradec Králové WTP is demonstrated too. The results of the pilot experiments support the idea, that the key condition for high removal efficiency is the optimal coagulation process chemistry. Design of pilot experiments was based on the factorial planning theory and some results are discussed in this thesis. The very big portion of the pilot experiments was made for estimating of the full-scale DAF design parameters before the water treatment plants reconstruction phase
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Dissolved Air Flotation – From Pilot Plant to Full Scale Implementation
Dobiáš, Pavel ; Hlaváč, Jaroslav (referee) ; Janda,, Václav (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Dolejš, Petr (advisor)
The thesis deals with the use of dissolved air flotation (DAF) in water treatment technology in the Czech Republic. It summarizes the knowledge gained at pilot plant studies as well as the experience with full-scale flotation units which have been built in potable water treatment plants in the Czech Republic in years 2006-2018. This thesis provides a broad background of experimental studies of a modern separation process, which does have great advantages in the removal of natural organic matter and microorganisms from water in the drinking water treatment industry. In this thesis, there are presented some examples of the excellent efficiency of the microorganisms removal, both under the experimental conditions as well as water treatment plants, which were improved by DAF units installation in full scale. In addition to the high separation efficiency, it is shown, how DAF units could influence the subsequent separation steps as for example filtration through the granular media. The negative influence of the pre-ozonization on the DAF separation efficiency in Hradec Králové WTP is demonstrated too. The results of the pilot experiments support the idea, that the key condition for high removal efficiency is the optimal coagulation process chemistry. Design of pilot experiments was based on the factorial planning theory and some results are discussed in this thesis. The very big portion of the pilot experiments was made for estimating of the full-scale DAF design parameters before the water treatment plants reconstruction phase
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Holocene environmental history of the Czech Karst on the basis of malacostratigraphic analyses
Hlaváč, Jaroslav ; Marek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Juřičková, Lucie (referee) ; Kovanda, Jiří (referee)
Introduction The faunal response to crimatic- and vegetal change during the HolocenelPostglacial) is known in far. r.t. a.ti'r,' although the information issufficient ťor certain amongst invertebrates f::'lť ^* ."*uT' regions. Molluscs are unusual potentrally be ","o t3"'i3;.::"'::;:.T *;:Í..Ti:,T$#T:j, ""*Ípalaeoenvironmental questions. rne mosi vatuable sequeň",?i^oliiou,rythose that are continuous' cover long periods of time and furnish fossilassemblages that faithfulty reflect tn.li"i"g ""mmunities, from whicrr trrey''r ere derived. Relatively few deposits "onřuini.'g molluscs fulfill all these :HÍ:^ but calcareous tufa áeposits ;;;^ thes. ..qui,"-.n;; ]; i".g" The czech Karst' formed by pareozoic limestone and rocated in the centrarpart of Bohemia between |.tl ana zaliě, is an area with numerousieposits of calcareous tufa. In this karst area about 70 localities are know "rhere calcareous tufa precipitates or was deposited in the past. (Kovanda]971: Ložek 1992;Kaď1ecoia a Žat, rqďsl. '"" Purpose of dissertation The purpose of submitted work is to give the characteristicpaleoenvironmental development of selected io"uiiti", in the Czech řarst'and to complete existing- knowledge utout it. environmentar developmentrn this karst area during Holocene p"eriod- --'- rnls worl( comes from data acquired from a...
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Species of the genus Radix in transmission of trematodes in the Czech Republic
Leontovyč, Roman ; Horák, Petr (advisor) ; Hlaváč, Jaroslav (referee)
Snails of the genus Radix play an important role in the transmission of many species of trematodes which can represent dangerous parasites of animals and humans. Taxonomical situation within the genus Radix is unclear. It is caused by morphological plasticity of the shells of particular species. In the past the shell shape was the most frequently used determination criterion for new species description. Due to new data brought by molecular taxonomy, validity of some species became doubtful. In our contribution, modern methods (phylogenetic analysis based on gene sequences) and classical approaches (determination by conchological features and anatomy of reproductive organs) were used for determination of snails belonging to the genus Radix. For phylogenetic analysis two genes were characterized (mitochondrial 16S rDNA and nuclear ITS2 rDNA); in the samples 5 species of the genus Radix (R. auricularia, R. labiata, R. lagotis, R. peregra a R. ampla) were confirmed. A thorough morphological determination was based on 11 conchological characters which allowed to identify all selected snails; conchological and molecular identifications were in agreement. For determination by means of reproductive organ morphology, shape and position of bursa copulatrix and its duct were used. According to these criteria,...
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Improvement of Manganese Separation in Drinking Water Treatment
Bartoš, Ladislav ; Janda, Václav (referee) ; Hlaváč, Jaroslav (referee) ; Dolejš, Petr (advisor)
The submitted paper covers manganese comprehensively. The introduction provides an overview of its basic physical and chemical properties. Its compounds are discussed individually, including their preparation, production, and practical uses. Furthermore, a list of analytical methods in which manganese is involved in the form of its compounds as reagents is included. The same section includes an overview of analytical methods whereby manganese and its compounds are detected, primarily in water industry processes. Attention is paid to manganese as a non-negligible constituent of the various parts of the environment. The section on manganese’s biogenic properties is interesting from the viewpoint of its toxicity as well as its role as an important biogenic element, indispensable primarily for mammals. The subsequent chapters discuss the various methods which are suitable, under specific conditions, for separation in the treatment of surface and underground water aimed at producing drinking, process, or industrial water, where a minimal concentration of this metal is required. The impact of the physical/chemical conditions which influence the efficiency of separation in a manner ranging from non-negligible to principal, is discussed further on. Given the specifics of treatment of surface [and] underground water, the chapters provide more details on the processes suitable for specific types of matrix and specific conditions. Next chapters sum up many years of the author’s observations and experiences in the various parts of the water management system, from the raw water source to treatment to distribution, focusing on surface and underground water separately. Last chapter describes the construction of a water treatment plant model, its launch and calibration, and the tests focused on separating manganese by way of coagulation using aluminium and iron sulphate.
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Paleomagnetický výzkum sedimentárních výplní vybraných jeskyní v České republice : závěrečná zpráva k výjimce MŽP ČR
Bosák, Pavel ; Hercman, H. ; Kadlec, Jaroslav ; Pruner, Petr ; Schnabl, Petr ; Hlaváč, Jaroslav ; Drahotová, Jana ; Pavková, Jaroslava ; Petráček, Jiří ; Rajlichová, Jana ; Drbal, K. ; Komaško, A. ; Milka, D.
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