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Climate Migration to the Global Gateway
Gupta, Smriti ; Salamon, Janusz (vedoucí práce) ; Tesař, Jakub (oponent)
The complexities of climate migration compels us to focus on the potential significant impact it has on the future. Historically speaking, the ice age presented difficulties for the humans to sustain a living but in due course, gradual increase in temperature resulted in better adaptation. Unfortunately, certain elements like that of the growing rate in population, industrialisation and severe rise in temperatures resulted in the danger of budding hot zones and glacier melts. The repercussions of which were visible in many cities in the form of rise in sea levels leaving certain cities submerged under water. Human habitation seems to have suffered a direct hit with the upsurge in greenhouse gasses emission and the resultant rising temperature. Climate change can be expressed as an eminent global phenomenon with its constant reminder through natural disasters taking place worldwide and supported campaigns promoting prevention. Not much has been discussed about resultant migration conflicts. Unfortunately the countries hit worst with forced migration are the ones already dealing with scarcity of resources, poverty, lower ability to evolve with recent economic and technological developments, unable to sustain independently. Literature on climate induced migration reports an association between...
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Quantum Technology and Its Influence in Global Power Politics
Padilla Cruz, Andrea Marzeth ; Tesař, Jakub (vedoucí práce) ; Butler, Eamonn (oponent) ; Dowd, Caitriona (oponent)
The interpretation of technology as a form of power in global politics has played a crucial role in the shaping of the structure of the international system throughout history. Despite the relevance of technology in power politics, relatively little systematic attention has been given to the role of new and emerging technologies, especially in terms of the influence of their spread and effects on the dynamics of the international system and the strategic balance of power. This dissertation studies the influence of Quantum Technology (QT) in global power politics. It empirically explores and evaluates the relationship between QTs and three major global powers: China, the United States, and the European Union, in order to assess how future trajectories in this technology can influence the dynamics of the international system and the strategic balance of power. Building on a theory on military innovation and technological change, i.e. Horowitz's Adoption-Capacity (AC) theory, the study focuses on deepening the understanding of the spread of QTs by analysing the incentives and constraints behind major global power's decision to adopt and develop such technology. Furthermore, it evaluates the implications of this technology for the balance of power, the structure of international competition, and future...
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Examining the Internet Research Agency's Exploitation of Cognitive Biases Through its Disinformation Campaign Targeted at the US 2016 Presidential Election
Cannon, Casey ; Tesař, Jakub (vedoucí práce) ; Hardman, Helen (oponent) ; Biagini, Erika (oponent)
Numerous studies have been dedicated to the Kremlin-affiliated Internet Research Agency's (IRA) online disinformation effort dedicated at the US 2016 Presidential election. Research has confirmed that the effort involved a coordinated effort to influence the voting behaviour and sow discord amongst US citizens across social media networks. This paper differed from previous research in that it analysed the literature to evaluate if the IRA employed tactics designed to exploit specific cognitive processes including the vividness bias, availability heuristic, and confirmation bias. This research performs unique analysis for each bias by examining qualitatively how confirmation bias may have been exploited based on the IRA's network infiltration, performing quantitative analysis of the IRA tweet volume relative to a control dataset of humans and automated bot accounts during the pre-election period, and the vividness bias by employing a Sentiment Analysis to assess positive and negative sentiment in IRA tweets. Each bias is then evaluated in the context of Russian reflexive control doctrine and the greater IRA strategy. This paper finds that the IRA employed a savvy understanding of how cognition and social media network infrastructure influenced US users' behaviour and leveraged that knowledge to...
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Factors Limiting the Implementation of the Cognitive Interview into the Czech Police Practice
Vinterova, Kateřina ; Tesař, Jakub (vedoucí práce) ; Butler, Eamonn (oponent) ; Biagini, Erika (oponent)
This study aimed to evaluate what may be limiting the implementation of the cognitive interview (CI) into the police practice in the Czech Republic. While there is nearly 30 years' worth of laboratory research on the CI and its effectiveness, there is not much evidence of the CI being implemented into the police practice, for which it was originally intended. The current study, therefore, aimed to define and evaluate factors, which may be limiting the implementation of the CI into the police practice, with a focus on the Czech Republic. The study was conducted with 34 Czech CPIS officers, and the data for this study was collected through online questionnaires. The findings showed that the most resistance to the implementation of the CI would be on the organisation (the police) level, as there did not seem to be enough opportunities for officers to learn new interviewing techniques. Surprisingly, limitations associated with the method itself, such as the long duration of the CI or the need for cooperative witnesses, were not found to be significant in this study. Limitations of this study and its implications for further research into human security are also discussed. Keywords: police practice, witness interview, cognitive interview, Czech police, human security
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Prohlubování vztahů mezi Českou republikou a vybranými prioritními zeměmi v rámci dvoustranné rozvojové spolupráce
Havel, Štěpán ; Tesař, Jakub (vedoucí práce) ; Kučerová, Irah (oponent)
Tato diplomová práce se zabývá prohlubováním vztahů mezi Českou republikou a jejími prioritními zeměmi (pro období 2006-2010) v rámci české bilaterální rozvojové spolupráce. Sledované období vývoje tohoto vztahu je od roku 2006 do roku 2019. Hlavní výzkumnou otázkou práce je vliv rozvojové spolupráce na rozšiřování spolupráce mezi Českou republikou a jejími prioritními zeměmi. V teoretické části práce jsou představeny hlavní východiska týkající se prohlubování spolupráce. Hlavním teoretickým rámcem je teorie spilloveru. Jsou představeny hlavní hypotézy této teorie, které jsou aplikovány na vybraný případ. Sledovanými oblastmi, ve kterých je očekáván nárůst spolupráce jsou politická oblast, ekonomická oblast, kulturní oblast a vojenská oblast. Pro každou oblast byl zvolen měřitelný indikátor. K prioritním zemím byly vybrány párové země se srovnatelnými podmínkami. Podmínkami na základě, kterých dochází k párování zemí jsou srovnatelná historie, HDP per capita, velikost populace a obchod s Českou republikou před sledovaným obdobím. Metodou, která slouží pro zodpovězení výzkumné otázky je regresivní analýza. Závislou proměnnou je v tomto případě růst vybraných indikátorů pro zvolené oblasti. Nezávislou proměnnou je rozvojová spolupráce, konkrétně, zdali pro případný růst vybraných indikátorů závisí na...
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The impact of colonialism on the current state of politics and economy of Egypt
Maged Mohamed Fahmy Abdelrazek Gomaa, Maya ; Tesař, Jakub (vedoucí práce) ; Benáček, Vladimír (oponent)
This paper discusses the impact of British colonialism on the legal system of Egypt and its development. During the height of British imperialism, Egypt was at a crossroads transferring from one empire to another; this concluded with the British occupation of 1882. This forced occupation has had many implications, but the one that can still be felt the most is the legal changes that occurred. Before the occupation, Egypt was facing tremendous debt and understood that it would be a matter of time before they are occupied by one of their creditors. Egypt thus began a legal reform process, which led to the adoption of a new legal code based on the Napoleonic code. This work combines events and resources in order to demonstrate the relationship between British colonialism and the development of the Egyptian legal system. This work shows that the way imperialism affected the development of the legal system was somewhat unique, as Egypt did wind up with a European system, the government did so at their own will, rather than by coercion from the imperial forces. Egypt shows that codification, and legal reform, although deemed as tools of imperialism, could be used to counteract even further interference. Key Words: Egypt, Colonialism, Independence, Legal codes, Judicial System, British Empire, Nationalism
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Representational Practices of Rebel Governance
Köbke, Stefan ; Ditrych, Ondřej (vedoucí práce) ; Tesař, Jakub (oponent)
Representational Practices of Rebel Governance Much of the literature on rebel governance has been focusing on the material factors that influence rebel activities. However, rebels frequently engage in practices that have no clear material benefit. Instead, these are meant to increase their legitimacy with certain groups, by representing a normative conception of authoritative rule. This thesis offers a process-based theoretical framework for understanding these "representational practices" by considering them as acts of communication from rebel senders to their audiences. To this extent, rebels frame themselves as continuous, time-transcendent rulers (content) within authoritative normative frameworks (contexts) and use various "artifacts" and bodily movement as "channels" to transmit these claims. This model is then applied to an interpretive, single-case study of the "Islamic State" rebels in Iraq and Syria between 2014 and 2017. It is found that the model can explain many of the IS's activities. The group framed its ideas of time-transcendent rule in millenarian and apocalyptic contexts, had to adapt its messages to different audiences (such as local civilians and foreign fighters), and communicated its claims not only through internet posts, but also through a careful control of sites within...
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