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Franz Josef Strauss - a contribution to history of the Federal Republic of Germany, 1949 - 1990
Kaucký, Lukáš ; Skřivan, Aleš (referee) ; Horčička, Václav (referee)
Franz Josef Strauss was a German politician (CSU) and long-time minister-president of the state of Bavaria. Born in Munich as the second child of a butcher, Strauss studied German letters, history and economics at the University of Munich from 1935 to 1939. In World War II, he served in the German Wehrmacht on the Western and Eastern Fronts. While on furlough, he passed the German state exams to become a teacher. After suffering from severe frostbite on the Eastern Front at the end of 1942, he served as an Offizier für wehrgeistige Führung (political officer) at the antiaircraft artillery school in Altenstadt, near Schongau. He held the rank of Oberleutnant at the end of the war. After the war, he was appointed deputy Landrat (county president) of Schongau by the American occupiers and was involved in founding the local party organization of the Christian Social Union of Bavaria (CSU). He became a member of the first Bundestag (Federal Parliament) in 1949 and, in 1953, Federal Minister for Special Affairs in the second cabinet of Chancellor Konrad Adenauer, in 1955 Federal Minister of Nuclear Energy, and in 1956 defence minister, charged with the build-up of the new Bundeswehr - the youngest man to hold this office at the time. He became chairman of the CSU in 1961. Strauss was forced to step down as...
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Konrad Adenauer and CDU
Pavlíček, Viktor ; Horčička, Václav (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
This work deals with the person of Konrad Adenauer and the formation of CDU in the period 1945 - 1949. Its main focus is on the role of Adenauer in the formation of the party and his other political activities. The circumstances of the foundation of new state are also covered. The first part briefly outlines Adenauer's life until 1945, both his education and political activity, and shortly his personal life. It presents his political activities immediately after the war and his subsequent engagement in the formation of the new political party. It describes the process of foundation of CDU from various Christian-democratic organizations to the national party, which then take part in the elections to the Bundestag in the late summer of 1949. The developing of the programme and various fights between wings inside the party for the leadership are also covered. The work also mentions related actions of the occupying powers during the military administration of German territory. Key words: Adenauer, CDU, CSU, FRG 1945 - 1949, Ahlen programme, London agreement, Parliamentary council
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Comparison of the West German and Czechoslovakian Student Movement in 1960s
Batková, Žaneta ; Koura, Jan (advisor) ; Horčička, Václav (referee)
The main aim of this bachelor thesis is a comparison of student movements in Federal Republic of Germany and Czechoslovakia during the 1960s. The first part of the thesis analyzes the basic ideas student movement in Federal Republic of Germany during the 1960s. Furthermore, it focuses on, causes of its establishment, goals and course. The next chapter analyzes student movement in Czechoslovakia from the same perspective, but the analysis was logically different because Czechoslovakia had a different political system than Federal Republic of Germany. The last chapters compare both movements with the emphasis on their specifics and ideas. A special attention is paid on contacts between the representatives of these movements.
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British Political Parties and the Entry of Great Britain into the EEC (1970-1975)
Krejčí, Pavel ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Horčička, Václav (referee)
This thesis is focused on the British entry into the European Economic Community in 1973. The reasons why the United Kingdom was led to join the Community are researched in great details. Such reasons also influence the attitude and behaviour of the United Kingdom toward the European Union at present. This historical backdrop could account for British reluctance to join the Community in 1950' as well as the present attitude of British politicians toward the EU. The main British political parties, namely the Conservative Party and the Labour Party, stood on the same side as far as the basic goal was concerned - to maintain the British Empire after the 2WW. The collapse of the British Empire, the poor economy and the Cold War all forced British political parties to find a new position for the United Kingdom in the post-war world. Key words: Great Britain, the Conservative Party, the Labour Party, European Communities
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Soviet-US Relations during Polish Crisis, 1980- 1981
Roškotová, Jitka ; Horčička, Václav (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
This Diploma thesis analyses the development of relationships between two superpowers of the Cold War, the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, during the Polish crisis period at the turn of the 70's and 80's of the 20th century. The objective of the Thesis was, above all, to reconstruct carefully the Polish crisis events, to discover its reasons, effects and implications for mutual relationships of the superpowers. The introduction of the Thesis focuses on the development of the Soviet-American relationships in the course of the Cold War from its beginning to the Polish crisis outbreak. Consequently, the foreign policy of both superpowers, their characteristics, main actors and factors are analysed. In the 1970s, Poland struggled with enormous economic troubles which were also connected with social disorder. In summer of 1980, the disorder developed into a strike wave which the existing communist regime did not manage to get under control. The Polish events thus resulted in proclamation of the state of emergency which was supposed to "save" the communist system in Poland. The Polish coup d'état in the 1980s definitely showed to the entire world that the communist system can be maintained in the states of Central and Eastern Europe only by force. In the...
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The Role of Greece anf Turkey in the U.S. Strategy of Containment, 1945-1953
Koura, Jan ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Horčička, Václav (referee) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
Among the states, the history of which was affected by the Cold War can undoubtedly be ranked both Greece and Turkey. Their geostrategic singularity, accentuated by the outcomes of the World War II, caused that the "struggle" between the United States and the Soviet Union for influence in those countries had considerably contributed to a shift in the course of U.S. foreign policy towards the Soviet Union and to adopting an entirely new strategic concept which was to be called as the "strategy of containment". A number of quality books have already been dealing with the general characteristics of this strategy; however, historians have not turned enough attention - which is rather surprising - to its implementation in particular countries and territories. Therefore, an analysis of particular impacts of the strategy of containment on Greece and Turkey, as well as an evaluation of how successfully this approach of the United States towards both the countries worked, have become primary aims of my dissertation. The U.S. strategy of containment, which can be regarded as an example of the so called "grand strategy", had become a key factor of the U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War. The process of its coming into existence was complicated and cannot be marked off by one document or an event; its...
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The Reference of German Imperial Family to Nazism
Kozlová, Tereza ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Horčička, Václav (referee)
The bachelor thesis discussed the attitude of the German imperial family towards Nazism in the 1930s and 1940s. It aimed to answer why the conservative Hohenzollern dynasty collaborated with the radical right wing party and in which areas they seemed to reach the common ground. The first chapter focussed on the relations between the former emperor, Wilhelm II, and the Nazi Party. The following chapters discussed relations between the national socialist government and other dynasty members, including the crown prince Wilhelm and prince August Wilhelm. The author concluded that the relations were of a parasite-like nature, where the emperor tried to use the movement to regain the throne, while the Nazi Party made use of the political capital that the emperor enjoyed with conservative citizens and royalists. The relations were clearly to the Nazi's benefit, who took over the power with the help of the royalists. On the other hand, the links with the Nazi Party disgraced the dynasty. Keywords Hohenzollern, Nazism, Adolf Hitler, Wilhelm II., Hermann Göring, Weimar Republic, restoration of monarchy
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EEC's development policy to the third world countries (focused on Africa) from 1960 to 1979
Brázdilová, Monika ; Horčička, Václav (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive view at the development cooperation of the European Economic Community in the 60's and 70's years of the 20th century in relation to the countries of the Third World with a focus on African developing countries. It also deals with the analysis of the very concept of development, development cooperation and development policy. The thesis is conceived from the general to the particular, where are first discussed the main concepts, the grouping and contracts supplemented with more detailed analysis. At first is briefly described the establishment of the EEC and the characteristic of grouping ACP. Then comes the analysis of the actual development cooperation and measures with which was the aid realized. Another two sections are devoted to comprehensive contractual framework of cooperation, which is in this period defined by part IV. Treaty of Rome and the Implementing agreement, two conventions of Yaoundé and the First Lomé convention. In the Lomé Convencion, there were a lot of significant changes made in terms of equality between the EEC and the ACP countries, as the concept of association was changed to the principle of partnership during the time. The development aid had to be managed somehow as well, so in next chapter is the topic of the...
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