Studium mechanizmů RNAi v tabákové buněčné linii BY-2 a rostlinách lilku bramboru

Tyč, Dimitrij

Knowledge of the processes of RNA interference, the regulation of gene expression by small RNAs (sRNAs), has grown at an unprecedented rate over the last 30 years. Some of the findings were literally revolutionary, as they revealed events that overturned many long-held notions. Many phenomena have been shown to be highly conserved and common to organisms of different species, but others are specific to certain lineages or have not yet been fully explored. There is also a lack of knowledge about the interconnection of numerous pathways - for example between silencing at the transcriptional (TGS, leading to the promoter methylation) and post-transcriptional levels (PTGS, affecting mRNA stability or translation). The present work summarizes the findings of two published and two unpublished works and attempts to describe some of the less known sites of RNA interference using various plant model organisms. Research on Solanum tuberosum transgenic lines has revealed the ability of 5-azacytidine to restore the expression of transcriptionally silenced transgenes at the whole plant level. De novo regeneration from leaves of such plants can lead to re-silencing of reactivated transgenes and thus serves as a selection method to exclude lines prone to spontaneous silencing. The nature of changes in the...

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