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Analýza vybraných vlivů na reprodukci dojnic ve vybraném stádě českého strakatého skotu
CIMBŮRKOVÁ, Pavla
The bachelor's thesis on the topic "analysis of selected effects on the reproduction of dairy cows in a selected herd of Czech spotted cattle" was prepared in the company JASANKA, s.r.o. In the literature review, the author first describes the importance of cattle in general, then focuses on Czech spotted cattle. In the next part, which focuses on the reproduction of cattle, the author describes the female reproductive system, the reproductive period from fertilization to childbirth, selected fertility indicators and also the effects that affect the indicators. In the chapters of own work, she analyzes the monitored data, which she collected for a period of two years. She focuses on the effect of performance on reproductive indicators from data from ninety randomly selected dairy cows. Furthermore, she focuses on the influence of the father on fertility indicators. Here she selected three proven bulls used by the company and evaluated data from another ninety dairy cows. As the monitored dairy cows migrated during the analysis, it also included the effect of housing on fertility.
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Analysis of sheep utility attributes in ecological and conventional flocks in the Czech Republic
Linhartová, Iveta ; Ptáček, Martin (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
The goal of this diploma thesis was to perform an analysis of sheep breeding of Suffolk breed in basic reproductive performance and meat production traits aspects. The information for rating these aspects was used from two farms. The first of them used conventional way of breeding (ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo) and the second one used ecological way (EkofarmaKosařůvmlýn, s.r.o.).
Fertilization, fertility, intensity and rearing belong among monitored reproductive indicators. These reproductive indicators are expressed in percentages. Regarding meat production traits rating in this thesis we compared influences of year of lambing, farming method, birth month, sex, litter size and age of dam. All these influences were judge according to birth weight (kg), weight at the age of 100 days (kg), average growth (g), depth of the longest dorsal muscle (mm) and according to depth of subcutaneous fat (mm). Reproductive performance and meat production were monitored in years 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015.
In terms of reproductive performance with a few exceptions it was true that ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo reached the best values, and in most cases better than the national average. For example in terms of intensity values in 2012 ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo had 35,9% better results compared to national average. In the same year this farm reached 48,1% higher values of percentage rearing compared to national average. Ekofarma Kosařův mlýn, s.r.o. showed worse performances, however it was in most cases better than national average. In terms of intensity in 2011 Ekofarma Kosařův mlýn, s.r.o. had the same results as the ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo. Meat production properties were supported by statistical calculations and all of them were conclusive at least at the level of significance P < 0,05 in all cases except month of birth effect on birth weight. The best results of meat production in terms of effect of lambing had the year 2012, when the birth weight was one of the highest and the other properties (weight at the age of 100 days, average growth, depth of the longest dorsal muscle, depth of subcutaneous fat) were by far the highest in the period of 2011-2015. Next we found out that the ecological way of breeding (in this case Ekofarma Kosařůvmlýn, s.r.o.) has better results than the conventional way (ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo).
The effect of birthmonth has the significant influence on the indicators of meat production and the lambs born in April had the best results. In the case of sex rams are better. Litter size has very important influence on meat production the more lambs per one mother, the lower
birth weights, the lower weights until the period of weaning, the lower weights at the age of 100 days. It is affected by milkiness of the mother. Moreover, the age of mothers also play a significant role. In our research the highest birth weights had lambs of one year old mothers and all other indicators were the highest in the case of three year old dams.
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Effect of selected factors on reproductive characteristics of dairy cows
Šťásková, Michaela ; Toušová, Renata (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the effect of selected factors on the reproductive characteristics of Montbeliard dairy cows. Hypothesis said that high milk production, poor health and high air temperatures have a negative effect on reproductive indicators of cows.
In the literature review, there were summarized knowledge about the factors affecting fertility, reproductive indicators and a description of the breed. Observation was carried out on the farm Osičky, which is one of the centers of the company Agrodružstvo Lhota pod Libčany. To assess the influence of milk yield and health were monitored all standard lactations of dairy cows, which were completed in the period from 1. 1. 2014 to 31. 12. 2015. This gave rise to a set of 632 lactations.
To evaluate the milk production was data set divided by the number of lactation, quarter of calving and the rate of milk production into three groups. As a disease with an expected negative impact on fertility, mastitis was selected. Besides air temperature, the relative humidity was assessed too. Indicators such as days open, days from calving to calving and services per conception were evaluated. In order to assess the impact of climate change on fertility data file was divided into 3 groups of air temperature, by quarter, according to the category of cows and by calendar year. Services per conception, pregnancy after the first insemination and pregnancy after all insemination, were assessed. Data could be obtained only from a whole herd of cows and heifers. For statistical evaluation has been used SAS 9.3 software (SAS / STAT 9.3, 2011).
Achieved an average length of days open was 98.07 days, days from calving to calving 380.62 days, services per conception was 1.94, pregnancy after the first insemination in heifers 54.28% and 48.43% in cows, yield per lactation was 8 407, 98 kg of milk with fat contents of 3.65 % and a protein contents of 3.53 %. Mastitis occurred only in 17.72 % of cases. The average monthly air temperature during the year 2014 ranged from 1.3 ° C to 21.2 ° C, in 2015 it was 1.5 ° C - 23.2 ° C.
From the results of the regression analysis, it was found that the milk production per lactation had a statistically significant effect on the length of the days open (r = 0.214; P <0.001), services per conception (r = 0.296; P <0.001) and days from calving to calving (r = 0.147; P < 0.01). Therefore we can talk about the significant influence of milk production per lactation. With the increasing amount of milk kg days open and days from calving to calving extended and services per conception also grew. Analysis of variance confirmed the effect of the amount of milk yield per lactation on days from calving to calving (P <0.05), days open (P <0.001) and services per conception (P <0.001). Furthermore, quarter of calving had a significant effect (P <0.05) on services per conception and days open and the effect of category on pregnancy after all insemination (P <0.01) and services per conception has been demonstrated (P <0.05). Heifers showed demonstrably better results of assessed reproductive characteristics compared to cows. There was no effect of the incidence of mastitis on days open, days from calving to calving and services per conception proven (P> 0.05). Effect of air temperature on services per conception, pregnancy after the first insemination and pregnancy after all insemination, was not statistically proven (P > 0.05). Furthermore it has been approved many correlations between different parameters at the levels of significance (P < 0.001, P < 0.05).
The hypothesis was confirmed only for the negative impact of high milk production, but the impact of poor health and high air temperatures on reproduction was not approved. The results indicate a healthy herd in terms of mastitis, good management of breeding, which minimizes heat stress and which is of relatively high milk yield and proven negative impact of high milk production to reproduction, achieved a good level of reproduction.
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Indicators of influence on the reproduction of the level and quality of milk production
Poláčková, Barbora ; Toušová, Renata (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
The aim of this study was to evaluate research of reproduction indicators on the level of milk production and the quality of the milk on selected farm. Materials for processing thesis were obtained on Oldřich Poláček´s Farm Hole. Mr. Poláček´s farm is located in Central Bohemia and manages 380 ha of arabe land. The farm bred Holstein cows, for now there are 190 dairy cows of this breed.
The indicators of milk production and reproduction were observed from 2013 to 2015. Results of the observed farm were compared with results of milk yield of Holstein cattle breeders association in the Czech Republic.
The data were analyzed and statistically processed using SAS 9.3 (SAS / STAT; 9.3, 2011). To determine the basic parameters of the files were used MEANS procedures and UNIVARIATE.
Evaluation of milk yield and indicators of reproduction was based on the results obtained from the recorded milk production of cows done by Holstein cattle breeders association and stable computer system AFIFARM. To evaluate the data were used 104 dairy cows, which had last two standardized lactation completed in the test years from 2013 to 2015 and 121 dairy cows, which had the first standardized lactation completed in 2014 or 2015.
For the milk yield were evaluated parameters of kilograms of milk per lactation, kilograms of milk per day, fat (%), protein (%) milk, depending on reproduction (days open, calving interval, age at the first calving) and lactation order.
Milk yield on the farm in 2015 was above the national average in Czech Republic. For dairy cows with the first lactation was up to 8 536 kilograms per standardized lactacion, for dairy cows with second lactation was up to 10 928 kg, and for dairy cows with third and more lactation was up to 10 864 kg. The average content of 3,71% fat and 3,28% protein.
The influence of lactation negatively impacted % protein (r = -0.278). Conclusiveness was on the significance level (P <0.001). The highest protein content was on the first lactation 3,40%, and lowest in the fifth lactation 3,20%.
Statistically failed to demonstrate the influence of the order of lactation on the milk yield per standardized lactation, kilograms of milk and % of fat content.
The positive effect was shown between milk yield per lactation in kg and daily milk yield in kg (r = 1). Conclusiveness was on the significance level (P <0,001). The lowest daily milk yield on the first lactation was (30,24 kg) with the production of 9223,06 kg of milk and the highest on the third lactation (47,43 kg) with the production of 14466,76 kg of milk.
Increasing of milk production per lactation had a negative effect on the % of fat content (r = -0,137), and % of protein content (r = -0.196). Conclusiveness was on the significance level (P <0.05). With increasing milk production declined % of fat content and % of protein content.
Statistically failed to demonstrate the influence of the milk production per lactacion on the open days and the calving interval.
Effect was demonstrated between the % of fat content and protein content in % (r = 0,501) at a level of significance (P <0,001). With increasing of fat content in%, increased also the the protein content in %. The lowest protein content (3,20%) was with a 3,66% of fat content. The highest protein content (3,40%) was with a 3,68% of fat content.
Age at first calving of dairy cows negatively impacted on % of the fat content of milk (r = -0,186). Conclusiveness was on the significance level (P <0,05). With age increasing at first calving declined % of fat content in milk.
There was also demonstrated a connexion between the standardized lactacion and days open (r= 0,227). Conclusiveness was on to the level of significance (P <0,05). With open days increasing the amond of milk per lactacion was higher.
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Analýza vybraných vlivů na reprodukci dojnic u stáda holštýnského skotu
DRÁBKOVÁ, Nikola
The basis of any successful dairy farming is prosperous reproduction, that is one of the most important factors that determine the effectiveness of cattle. In the Czech Republic there is a continuous deterioration of important reproductive performance. The aim of my work was to develop a detailed survey of cows reproduce, use OVSYNCH methods, indicators and major factors affecting reproduction in dairy cows. Another aim was forthe selected cows of monitored Holstein cattle dairy herd to evalute the selected effects on the indicators of fertility and statistically evaluated. The following indicators were evaluated in chosen breed: length of service period, length of calving interval, performance in the first 100 days of lactation, level of milk production for the entire lactation, age at first calving, effect of breeding value of bull fertility, cows parity.
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The Relationship between Motion Activity and Reproduction, Production and Health Parameters in Dairy Cattle.
CEPÁKOVÁ, Karolína
The aim of this thesis was to assess the relationship between motion activity of dairy cattle as measured using activity meters and reproduction, production and health parameters. For a one-year period the motion activity of 210 dairy cows was monitored. The results show that at the start of the rutting period there is a noticeable increase in motion activity (mainly during nighttime hours), specifying the exact start of rutting and the subsequent insemination. If the rutting period is detected accurately the percentage of dairy cows that are impregnated increases. Using activity meters improves reproduction indicators. Motion activity in sick cattle is generally reduced and after a warning the animals can be treated in time. The relationship between motion activity and production parameters is statistically inconclusive.
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