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Insects as a model group of organisms for the research of knowledge about and attitudes to invertebrate animals
Jelínek, Filip ; Mourek, Jan (advisor) ; Janšta, Petr (referee)
This thesis is a literature review that aims to process the available literature on attitudes towards insects, knowledge about insects and the ways in which the perception of insects by humans can be influenced. In the chapters focused on attitudes towards insects, I show how the emotions of disgust and fear lead to negative views of insects and, conversely, how the perception of their beauty and importance promotes positive views of insects. In the knowledge section, I show how people confuse true information about insects with myths, inaccurately distinguishing between what is an insect and what is not, which insects are dangerous and which are not. In the last chapters, I present the literature that deals with the ways in which attitudes towards insects and knowledge about insects can be influenced. I deal with the effect of urbanization, experiential educational programs and the picture of insects in human culture, namely in language, poetry, fictional literature and fine arts
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Quantitative methods for studying and monitoring of insect populations
Vašák, David ; Šípek, Petr (advisor) ; Řeřicha, Michal (referee)
In the context of the necessity to research the global decline of insects, the scientific community has increasingly focused on the quantitative monitoring of insect populations, specifically their biomass and abundance. These metrics provide a different type of information on population trends compared to monitoring diversity or geographical distribution. However, interpreting population trends based on these metrics is accompanied by a number of challenges. This thesis highlights these issues and underscores the necessity of quantitative monitoring and its benefits for understanding insect population dynamics. Additionally, it provides an overview of the most commonly used methods for insect quantitative monitoring, ranging from traditional approaches to modern techniques. Lastly, it also presents studies that address the monitoring of insect biomass and abundance. Keywords: insect, biomass, abundance, population trends, insect decline, monitoring methods
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Evolution of telomeric motif in arthropods
Vadovičová, Kristýna ; Forman, Martin (advisor) ; Sadílek, David (referee)
In contrast to other eukaryotes, the telomeres of Arthropoda, the most diversified phylum, are composed of a specific motif (TTAGG)n. The presence of this sequence is conserved within the phylum, yet alternative sequences derived from the ancestral have evolved. Diversity of short motifs has been found especially in the orders Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Hemiptera. In addition, TRAS and SART retroelements transpose between telomeric sequences in many representatives of different orders. In arthropods, there are still numerous groups whose telomeres do not contain the (TTAGG)n motif, but alternatives have not been proposed yet. One of them is the order Araneae (spiders), as well as some orders of insects.An interesting exception is the order Diptera, where a telomerase-independent telomere elongation mechanism has evolved. The genera Anopheles and Chironomus have telomeres composed of long repeats (up to 350 bp). Drosophila melanogaster relies on a mechanism based on transposition of the telomere-specific retroelements HeT-A, TART and TAHRE. The diversity of telomeric repeats in Diptera can be considerable even in closely related species, which may complicate the identification of novel telomeric sequences in unstudied species. Key words Drosophila, insects, retroelements, telomere, (TTAGG)n
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Visual orientation of dragonflies - using polarized light
Kalavská, Tereza ; Černý, Martin (advisor) ; Kolář, Vojtěch (referee)
Polarized light is a physical phenomenon that is quite common in the nature. It has been known for a long time that some animals use such kind of light for various purposes in their lives. This group also includes dragonflies, which use horizontally polarized light to detect areas of water where mating and egg-laying takes place. The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to summarize the current knowledge of the visual orientation of dragonflies in space using polarized light. In my thesis, I focus on habitat selection and in which spectrum range dragonflies can perceive polarized light. Furthermore, I focus on the area of perception of polarized light by dragonfly larvae in the aquatic environment, which has not been properly researched yet as there are very few studies. Key words: orientation, insects, dragonflies, visual, polarized light, habitat selection
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Critical zone
Rausová, Terezie ; Kočí, Václav (referee) ; Homola, Ondřej (advisor)
The thesis consists of a series of images of various formats with neon, aposematic coloring. In my work, I capture anthropomorphic insect fauna as a reference to coexistence and significant differences in the length of phylogenetic development. While humans have been evolving on Earth for up to 2,800,000 years, other species were here long before us. Many of them may not survive the latest stage of human development, marked by tremendous technological advancement, population growth, and massive environmental impact. In my work, I address the irreversible collapse of ecosystems due to the catastrophic extinction of insects. The series of images is complemented by glass objects, which, through significant processing, draw attention to the loss of biodiversity, including the unseen and unnoticed. The installation, comprised of a collection of images and glass objects, is intended to represent a toxic, poisonous zone. Entering it should compel viewers to experience and perhaps reflect on the unsettling position of humanity within the societal and natural system.
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Determination of basic nutritional parameters in edible insects
Korček, Jakub ; Štursa, Václav (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
In this bachelor thesis is dicussed nutritional value of chosen insect species. Analysed samples consisted of worms, crickets and locusts. Analysed parameters were: total nitrogen, crude protein, total lipids and content of chosen elements. Total lipids were, after homogenization, determined by Soxhlet method, using diethyl ether as a solvent. Prior to protein and element determination, samples did undergo Kjehldal digestion process, using sulfuric acid. Weiniger catalyst was only added to samples digested for protein measurement. Element content was determined by optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES). Crude protein was determined by Kjeldahl method. The highest protein content was determined in crickets. (75 ± 5) %. Locusts contained the highest lipid content (33 ± 2) %. We also found out, that samples were rich in calcium, potassium, manganese and zinc, which are all important elements for the proper functioning of our body. The results of this thesis prove, that insects can present nutritionally important food.
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Beetle armour
Polášková, Lucie ; Ryška, Pavel (referee) ; Vaněk, Vojtěch (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the creation of an author's accordion book, examining the relationship between textual and pictorial communication of information. The narrative is thematically set in the stylized realm of insects, where it works with the metaphor of the exoskeleton of the beetle as a portable armor, architecture, or outline. The fictional story deals with the life cycle of a beetle. He wonders how beetles are born and how do they leave the world? The aim of my bachelor thesis is the realization of an atypical prototype of an accordion book, which is located on the border of a building kit, a toy and a book. The realization of the prototype will use traditional techniques, including digitization and image post-production.
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Cryptids
Dvořáková, Dana ; Turek, Filip (referee) ; Sterec, Pavel (advisor)
Cryptids, video which is studying animals, its shapes, moves and the environment , where they find themselves. The video is looking equal to all entity without any difference, document varied life as same as passing death or rot as well. It also speaks about collaboration and the microworld, which creates perfect unit. Silent mutual conversations.
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The Amputee
Sedlák, Ondřej ; Sedlák, Jan (referee) ; Gabriel, Michal (advisor)
Cut out the insect body, which in turn draws attention to detail and a separate form object, it becomes a piece of the unknown, futuristic world, who is a snippet of an enlargement of our macrocosm. Statue focuses on the unusual and the idea of the individual and points to a less pronounced nature.
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Control unit for monitoring of climatic conditions in the breeding of edible insects
Chmelař, Vít ; Šandera, Josef (referee) ; Adámek, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis introduces the problematics of edible insects, Arduino platform, sensors and peripherals that will be used to construct a device which monitors conditions of breeding of insects. It describes the different type of sensors and their principles. It discusses the SPI and I2C communication, which is used for communication with peripherals and describes the selected sensors and peripherals with which will be builded the device. Measured values are displayed on devici and savet to memory card.
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