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Sexual dimorphism of rat gut microbiota composition and intestinal immunity
Kalousová, Pavla ; Kovařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Pavla Kalousová Supervisor: PharmDr. Miroslav Kovařík, Ph.D. Title: Sexual dimorphism of rat gut microbiota composition and intestinal immunity Background and Aim: Many factors can influence the composition of gut microbiota and the immune system. It is well-known that one of those factors is sex. This sexual dimorphism can lead to a specifically adjusted treatment of diseases for different gender and nutritional interventions. This study focuses on analysing sexual differences in gut microbiota and intestinal immunity in adult rats. Methods: Caecal content from 12-week-old female and male Wistar rats were collected and analysed by DNA-sequencing technique to characterize microbiota composition. ELISA test was performed to quantify the concentration of IgA in faeces and gut wash. Flow cytometry determined the concentration of IgA-coating bacteria in faecal samples. Results: Metagenomic analysis revealed that female gender presents 1 phylum, 4 families, 13 genera, and 13 species which are not present in male rats. Only one male-specific colonization was observed at the species level. Quantitative analysis showed a higher proportion of Firmicutes phylum in males which was associated with...
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Sexual dimorphism of rat gut microbiota composition and intestinal immunity
Kalousová, Pavla ; Kovařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Pavla Kalousová Supervisor: PharmDr. Miroslav Kovařík, Ph.D. Title: Sexual dimorphism of rat gut microbiota composition and intestinal immunity Background and Aim: Many factors can influence the composition of gut microbiota and the immune system. It is well-known that one of those factors is sex. This sexual dimorphism can lead to a specifically adjusted treatment of diseases for different gender and nutritional interventions. This study focuses on analysing sexual differences in gut microbiota and intestinal immunity in adult rats. Methods: Caecal content from 12-week-old female and male Wistar rats were collected and analysed by DNA-sequencing technique to characterize microbiota composition. ELISA test was performed to quantify the concentration of IgA in faeces and gut wash. Flow cytometry determined the concentration of IgA-coating bacteria in faecal samples. Results: Metagenomic analysis revealed that female gender presents 1 phylum, 4 families, 13 genera, and 13 species which are not present in male rats. Only one male-specific colonization was observed at the species level. Quantitative analysis showed a higher proportion of Firmicutes phylum in males which was associated with...
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Ontogenesis and sexual dimorphism of human palate
Kotěrová, Anežka ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Bejdová, Šárka (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was especially to describe the formation and subsequent growth of the human palate considering sex differences, as well as the rugae palatinae, their significance, overview of rugae classification, sexual dimorphism and population variability. The establishment of palatal outgrowths, their subsequent growth and formation of a compact palate occurs in the very early (at the end of 5th week in utero) embryonic stage of ontogenetic development. Knowledge about the development of the human palate and its subsequent postnatal growth and final morphology is important for the further evaluation of sex or ethnic differences. Different variations can be found on the palatal mucosa particularly in the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of rugae palatinae, which can be used as a complementary method for identification. The science that studies them is called palatoscopy and there are a large number of classification systems.
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Morphometric analysis of sex differences of chameleon \kur{Rhampholeon brevicaudatus}
VIK, Daniel
In recent years, it is becoming a very popular breed of so-called dwarf chameleons ( Brookesia genera , Rhampholeon and Rieppeleon ), especially for their size and also very interesting look that is the exact opposite of big colorful chameleons ( genus Furcifer ) . The most common species from these dwarfs chameleons is Rhampholeon brevicaudatus A major challenge for most breeders , however, the sex determination in these dwarf chameleons . This work aims to bring the issue of sexual dimorphism in these dwarf chameleons. Sexual dimorphism in these chameleon show to a longer and wider tail males due reproduction organs in hemipenes pockets. These hemipenes pockets are clearly visible. Among other differences identified are longer, wider and taller head of males and long bones of the limbs, as humerus and femur of males.
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Morphometric analysis of viviparous lizard (Zootoca vivipara) in the Czech republic
KREJČÍ, Tomáš
Zootoca vivipara is the smallest of four species of lizard occurring in the Czech Republic. For many species of lizards sexual dimorphism was found in different characters and their presence was predicted also in this species. Eight characters were measured: total body length, snout {--} vent length, tail length, head length, head width, number of ventral scales, number of femoral pores and number of lamellae under the fourth finger of hind leg. Analyzed specimens from collections of Prague National Museum came from two areas {--} Šumava and Děčínský Sněžník. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for the Šumava area showed sexual dimorphism: males were larger in total body length, in tail length, in head length, in head width and had higher number of femoral pores than females. Females had higher number of ventral scales than males. Analysis of covariance for the Děčínský Sněžník area showed sexual dimorphism in total body length, in tail length, in head length and in head width. All these characters were higher in males. Females had higher number of ventral scales. Variability of some characters showed dependence on altitude. Significant dependence on altitude investigated by analysis of covariance was detected in specimens from the Šumava area in total body length, in tail length and head length: the values of all these characters decreased with increasing altitude. Head width exhibited significant dependence on altitude only in absolute values (ANOVA): the values decreased with increasing altitude. Specimens from the Děčínský Sněžník area exhibited significant dependence on altitude only in absolute values of body length, of head length and of head width. Analysis of covariance was not significant.
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