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Degradation possibilities of synthetic macromolecular materials centred on biodegradations
Zichová, Miroslava ; Ondruška, Vladimír (referee) ; Babák, Libor (advisor)
This work deals with the degradation possibilities of synthetic macromolecular materials. Mechanical, chemical and chemo-physical degradation is described, but the work is focused on biodegradation. Polymer biodegradation is its decomposition by microorganisms. The aim of the work is to show the advantages of biodegradation and to arrange the knowledge acquired about the biodegradation of particular macromolecular materials. There is resumed the information about the degradation of polyurethanes as an exception among synthetic polymers, which are mostly resistant to biodegradation. Attention is also paid to biodegradable polymers.
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Thermophilic microorganisms
Sůkalová, Kateřina ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Babák, Libor (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis is focused on distribution thermophilic species from among microorganisms, characteristic important genera, in which these microorganisms we can find and detailed description choice species. There is described origin of thermal environment and locations of habitation thermophilic microorganisms with intention on geothermal areas, where is found the biggest number of these species. In consequence of thermal stability of enzymes these microorganisms are used in food industry, in waste treatment, in medicine and for their production of thermostabile enzymes.
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Microbiological hazards in HVAC systems
Musil, Zdeněk ; Charvát, Pavel (referee) ; Kolbábek, Antonín (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with microbiological hazards in HVAC systems, especially in air condition systems. There is noted the basic information from related fields. The same microbiological hazards are divided in health risk and in microbiological corrosion. In the last part of this thesis are mentioned possibilities of their elimination and recommendation for prefiguring of them.
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Comparison of antimicrobial effect of emulsions for cleaning and dissinfection
Chrápavá, Edita ; Dzurická, Lucia (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
Currently, hand disinfectants and other disinfectants are in high demand. Due to the pandemic and the spread of Covid-19, they are used by society daily. The reason for their use is not only to prevent the spread of bacteria and other microorganisms from the hands to another part of the body or objects, but also to prevent the spread of the disease. The subject of the bachelor thesis is the control of antimicrobial effects of several commonly available disinfectants using broth and agar dilution methods. From the measured data, the absorbance was processed and subsequently viability of the culture.
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Study of sterilization effect of diaphragm discharge in liquids
Holíková, Lenka ; Slámová, Jitka (referee) ; Kozáková, Zdenka (advisor)
The main objective of this thesis is to study the sterilizing effect of diaphragm discharge in liquids. Sterilization is a process, which can eliminate all forms of life. Generally, sterilization is divided into physical and chemical methods. Plasma sterilization is ranked among physical methods although the action of chemical processes participates in the decontamination as well. Effects of UV radiation, free radicals and temperature are utilized in these methods. Fungi spores of Aspergillus niger F8189 and bacteria spores of Bacillus subtilis are selected as model organisms. Aspergillus niger microorganism is suitable for its resistance to changes in pH and it is viable in a wide range of pH values. Bacillus subtilis is chosen because of a good heat resistance. Diaphragm discharge is one of the possible types of electrical discharges in generated liquids. It is a low-temperature plasma, which is generated using a high DC voltage. In the created plasma streamers various physical and chemical processes rise. The chemical processes are mainly the generation of active species and particles that initiate subsequent chemical reactions and attack mould spores and bacteria in liquids. The physical processes include shock waves, strong electric field and ultraviolet radiation. Experiments were conducted in a reactor with separate cathode and anode space. In the dielectric barrier PET diaphragm with a pin-hole (initial diameter of 0.4 mm) was attached. Enlargement of the hole was observed as a result of degradation of material at the edge of holes due to the discharge. Degradation of spores was observed, depending on the time and on the input power. Other parameters measured were pH, conductivity and temperature. Experiments did not show any difference of discharge activity in the cathode and anode area. The main factor in the removal of spores Aspergillus niger was probably the temperature because no demonstrable effect of sterilization by the diaphragm discharge operation had been observed when heat resistant Bacillus subtilis was used. Also, it was made an attempt, which has been studied only the temperature effect of the fungi spores of Aspergillus niger. The samples were placed in a thermoregulator, where it was simulated the same temperature increase as at the discharge. The experiment had a similar course as an attempt at the discharge.
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Processing and analysis of the human lung microbiome from nanopore sequencing data
Molíková, Anna ; Bartoň, Vojtěch (referee) ; Nykrýnová, Markéta (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with processing and analysis of the human lung microbiome from nanopore sequencing data. Firstly this thesis introduces the lung microbiome and its composition in health and illness. Then it focuses on generations of sequencing technologies, mainly describing nanopore sequencing. The last chapter discusses different methods used for lung microbiome analysis. The practical part of this thesis preprocesses sequencing data, followed by their taxonomic analysis and the search for antibiotic resistance genes. From the obtained results, the composition of the lung microbiome in each of the processed samples is then evaluated.
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Mikroorganismy kontaminující nápoje z čerstvého ovoce a zeleniny (smoothie)
Keresztesová, Nela
The diploma thesis is focused on microorganisms contaminating drinks from fresh fruits and vegetables intended for direct consumption. The theoretical part focuses on technologies for the production of fruit and vegetable juices and the most common methods of preservation. Another part of the work is focused on microbial contamination (bacteria, fungi, yeasts and mycotoxins). In the experimental part, this work deals with microbiological analysis, which determined the presence of contaminating microorganisms. The microbiological quality was compared for fresh unprocessed juices intended for direct consumption with juices treated with high pressure or gentle pasteurization. It was confirmed that higher numbers of microorganisms were found in fresh juices, but also that an increase in microorganisms was noticeable after the minimum shelf life had expired.
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Technologicky významné mikroorganismy v nápojovém průmyslu
Prokopová, Linda
This bachelor thesis was elaborated in 2019 and 2020 at the Department of Post-Harvest Technology of Horticultural Products of the Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno. Bachelor thesis deals with the division of microorganisms, description of their nutrition and reproduction, important genera in terms of both positive and negative. The influence of microorganisms for food industry and important fermentation processes for beverage industry is described. All important microorganisms for the production of wine, beer, spirits and milk fermented beverages are included. The work also follows the microorganisms, which cause various defects in the bev-erage.
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Mikrobiologické parametry vody ze soukromých studní
Hanáková, Dorota
The bachelor thesis is focused on microbiological parameters of drinking water from private wells. The theoretical chapter is focused on the properties and legislative requirements of drinking water, especially from the microbiological point of view. Microbiological analysis of 7 water samples from private wells was performed in the experimental part of the thesis. The analyzes were carried out in October, November and January. The resulting values were compared with legislative requirements and other studies carried out so far. Six of seven samples, therefore 85.7%, did not comply with the parameters stipulated by legislation. Consuming this water might constitute a health risk. The results of the given samples were compared in individual months. Most of the samples showed a trend of decreasing number of microorganisms with decreasing outside temperature.
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Microbial analysis and identification of organisms in products from young cocco
Palyzová, Andrea ; Marešová, Helena
The collaboration focused on the isolation and identification of bacterial strains in young coconut products, the comparison of their microbial profiles and the monitoring of stability over time. Yoguard and Keefir products contain highly functional probiotic bacteria and probiotic yeasts. The main microorganisms contained in yoghurts and keefires include Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Leuconococcus, Saccharomyces.\nThe main microorganisms contained in yoghurts and keefires include Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Leuconococcus, Saccharomyces.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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