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Application of Separation Techniques Connected with Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Environmentally Important Compounds
Mácová, Daniela ; Čelechovská, Olga (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (referee) ; Demnerová, Kateřina (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
The identification of the hydrolysis and photodegradation products of flexible polyurethane foams (PUFs) with addition of biooriginated and biodegradable additive was the first topic of this dissertation work. Separation of polyurethane foam hydrolysis degradation products, designed for ecotoxicological tests, was managed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS). The degradations product structure was elucidated by tandem mass spectrometry (MSn). PUF photodegradation products were obtained by exposure of materials by irradiation at 254 nm. Semi-volatile degradation products were isolated from the exposed polyurethane by n-hexane extraction; volatile compounds were collected by solid phase microextraction (SPME). Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and complete orthogonal tandem gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GCxGC/TOF MS) was used for separation and identification of photodegradation products. The influence of the bio-filler on the character of degradation products and the possible effect of PUF degradation products on the environment was discussed at the end of this section. The determination of isoprostanes – markers of oxidative stress in tissues of beadlet anemone (Actinia equina) was the subject of the second topic. F2-isoprostanes were synthesized from the arachidonic acid. With thereby prepared isoprostanes the method of determination by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS) was developed and optimized. The isoprostane isolation process from the Actinia equina tissues was optimized with solid phase extraction (SPE). The resulting methodology was used to quantify isoprostanes in tissues of anemones, which were exposed to both moderate and high temperature changes. The temperature changes were used to initiate the oxidative stress in organisms. In addition, concentration levels of unknown compounds were also monitored. These unknown compounds were extracted from tissues together with F2-isoprostanes and their identity is discussed in this dissertation work too. The possibility of using isoprostane levels in the Anthozoa tissues for the oxidative stress monitoring is discussed in the conclusion of this work.
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Světlostálost povrchových úprav barevnými laky
Rašovská, Karolína
This bachelor thesis deals with the determination of the light fastness of surface treatments with colored varnishes intended for the exterior. The color change was measured and analyzed on samples with a surface treatment of colored varnishes, namely on massive base materials of spruce and oak. The light fastness of the surface treatments of the verified paints was determined using the BYK spectrophotometer. The gloss change of the paints was assessed thanks to the PICOGLOSS 503 gloss meter. Tests of adhesion, paint thickness and hardness were also performed. To verify the properties of individual paints, the samples were subjected to tests according to ČSN standards. The aim of this work is to compare the properties of the used paints.
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Study of thermal and photodegradation of beer and other fermented beverages
Škoda, Jakub ; Gabriel, Petr (advisor)
In this thesis the optical changes of beers and model beer solutions during their photodegradation were studied. The optical changes - change of absorbance - were measured on the prototype of apparatus COLORTURB and were correlated with sensory tested intensity of the lightstruck flavour of beer and with riboflavin content in samples. High correlation between the lightstruck flavour intensity, the loss of absorbance at the wavelength of 450 nm and the riboflavin content loss was found. The partial recovery of the absorbance for both beers and model beer solutions was found and was attributed to the riboflavin photoproducts transformation.
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Photocatalytic concrete screeds with self-cleaning and antimicrobial function
Bíbová, Hana ; Šubrt, Jan ; Pližingrová, Eva ; Jakubičková, M. ; Sázavská, T. ; Dohnálek, P. ; Hykrdová, Lenka ; Jirkovský, Jaromír
Photocatalytic concrete screeds with self-cleaning and antimicrobial function have been developed and tested. These building materials contain sand grains with deposited composite TiO2/SiO2 layers. Two types of the screeds, grey and white, were prepared and their photoactivity and material characteristics were compared. Commercial TiO2 photocatalysts from several manufacturers were employed. Effects of different parameters, such as temperature of the coated sand calcination, humidity, and surface abrasion, were followed. Mechanical properties of the screeds were analyzed by SEM/XRD microscopy. Photocatalytic activity was tested by means of NOx oxidation (ISO norm 22197-1/2007). Antibacterial activity was evaluated by modified ISO norm 27447/2009 with Bacillus subtilis as a model organism.
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Study of thermal and photodegradation of beer and other fermented beverages
Škoda, Jakub ; Gabriel, Petr (advisor)
In this thesis the optical changes of beers and model beer solutions during their photodegradation were studied. The optical changes - change of absorbance - were measured on the prototype of apparatus COLORTURB and were correlated with sensory tested intensity of the lightstruck flavour of beer and with riboflavin content in samples. High correlation between the lightstruck flavour intensity, the loss of absorbance at the wavelength of 450 nm and the riboflavin content loss was found. The partial recovery of the absorbance for both beers and model beer solutions was found and was attributed to the riboflavin photoproducts transformation.
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Antidepresiva - výskyt v přírodních vodách, účinky na organismy, možnosti jejich fototransformace v přírodním prostředí
ČERNÁ, Pavlína
The thesis is focused on one group of organic xenobiotic compounds, antidepressants, their presence in natural waters and their effects on aquatic organisms. A survey of increasing consumption of antidepressants in developed countries is presented together with numerous studies proving rising concentrations of these compounds in natural sufrace waters. Several studies dealing with influence of antidepressants on selected aquatic organisms of different trophic levels are demonstrated. Modern techniques, including AOPs (advanced oxidation processes), used for possible better waste waters treatment are discussed.
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Study of thermal and photodegradation of beer and other fermented beverages
Škoda, Jakub ; Gabriel, Petr (advisor) ; Sigler, Karel (referee)
In this thesis the optical changes of beers and model beer solutions during their photodegradation were studied. The optical changes - change of absorbance - were measured on the prototype of apparatus COLORTURB and were correlated with sensory tested intensity of the lightstruck flavour of beer and with riboflavin content in samples. High correlation between the lightstruck flavour intensity, the loss of absorbance at the wavelength of 450 nm and the riboflavin content loss was found. The partial recovery of the absorbance for both beers and model beer solutions was found and was attributed to the riboflavin photoproducts transformation. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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