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Analysis of the Regional Dimension of the Subsidy Programmes to Environmental Sphere during the 2004-2006 Programming Period
Zavřel, Leoš ; Blažek, Jiří (advisor) ; Trantinová, Marie (referee)
In this paper, regional allocation of capital expenditure in environmental sphere from the European cohesion policy is analysed. The analysis was performed for the projects financed during 2004-2006 programming period. Based on the comparison of estimated and actual intensities of support (proportion of the total allocation of 22 billion CZK), it was found that the relatively highest intensities of support were allocated to the regions with the medium-quality environment (Liberec region, Central Bohemia, Central and South Moravia), while the relatively lowest intensities of support were allocated to the regions with the lowest- or low-quality environment (Moravian-Silesian region, Ústí nad Labem region, Karlovy Vary region). The analogous conclusions resulted from an analysis of the relative positions of selected types of regions in the overall allocation of capital expenditure, because the metropolitan regions, national parks and protected landscape areas obtained relatively higher intensities of support and, vice versa, the structurally and environmentally affected regions obtained lower intensities of support. The findings of our research allow to conclude that the regional distribution of capital expenditure from public sources was in a contradiction with the strategic objectives of both the...
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Social metabolism in Czech and Czechoslovak territory in historical perspective
Kušková, Petra ; Jeleček, Leoš (advisor) ; Kupková, Lucie (referee) ; Spišiak, Peter (referee)
This dissertation is based on the conceptual framework of social metabolism and it applies methods of Material and Energy Flow Analysis and Ecological Footprint. It studies interactions between human activities and natural environment in Czech/Czechoslovak territory from the historical perspective (after the division of Czechoslovakia for Czechia and Slovakia together). The term of social metabolism is a metaphor inspired by biology. Society or human economy similarly to a living organism which extracts materials from the earth, processes biophysical materials to maintain itself and emits its wastes back. So the economic system functions in an analogy to a living organism and those processes are called "social" or "industrial" metabolism. This dissertation comprises seven individual empirical studies: (I) An introduction to a research topic covered in following articles. It is based on the work of leading world environmental historian and it interprets selected Czech realities within the context of the world environmental history. (II) The historical series of MEFA indicators together with ecological footprint. (III) An article which applies the ecological footprint method on the ecological farm in comparison to conventional agriculture in the context of more foreign studies on this topic. (IV) An...
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Alternative food networks in a post-communist context: Farmers' markets and farm shops in Czechia
Syrovátková, Marie
Alternative food networks in a post-communist context:: Farmers' markets and farm shops in Czechia Marie Syrovátková ABSTRACT The emergence of farmers' markets (FMs) and farm shops (FSs) in Czechia is a follow-up of the expansion of alternative food networks (AFNs) from Western Europe and North America where they have been developing for several decades. AFNs are an up-to-date topic as they respond to the growing concerns about the negative effects of the globalized conventional food system on social, economic and environmental aspects of food production, distribution and consumption. Each form of AFNs emphasizes a different aspect of the food system sustainability. FMs and FSs should primarily enable direct selling of quality local products made by small producers to support local economy, rural development, environmental protection and to improve quality of life. Based on a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, the aim of the dissertation is to explore the emergence and development of AFNs in Central Europe. Using the example of Czechia, considering the communist past of the region, the work evaluates the contribution of AFNs to build a more sustainable system of food production and consumption and the weak points of the phenomenon in Czechia and, using a comparison of the AFN evolution...
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Newly Established Recreational Localities in the Context of the Settlement Structure and Landscape Protection in Czechia
Nožičková, Veronika ; Ptáček, Pavel (referee) ; Fialová, Dana (advisor)
The objective of the diploma thesis is to capture the phenomenon of internationalization of second housing in Czechia using the example of Dutch investment in tourism and recreation with a focus on new recreational localities and their impacts on the destinations. The development of this phenomenon has occurred in Czechia since 1990s in the context of the changing geopolitical and geo-economic situation. An important role plays also the offer on real estate market and environmentally attractive localities in the country. Recreational localities owned and used mainly by foreign (Dutch) clients for individual recreation and commercial purposes are established in areas with high tourist-recreational potential. They become an integral part of the physical and social environment and their specific features change its structure and links. Their benefits and risks depend on the nature of recreational localities projects and the target destinations as well. Key words: Czechia, impacts of tourism and recreation, second housing, internationalization, recreational localities
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Analysis of long-term changes of vegetation indices
Beránková, Petra ; Jedlička, Jan (referee) ; Štych, Přemysl (advisor)
The work deals with the issue of research of long-term changes of vegetation indices concretely indices NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). The first part is devoted to detailed analysis of domestic and foreign literature, which deals with the calculation and interpretation of vegetation indices values. The main theme of this work is to explore relation between temperature and NDVI changes and precipitation and NDVI changes over the period 1982-2006. These connections are examined using correlation and regression analysis. Attention is concentrated to the Czech Republic, Central Europe and Finland. The average value of NDVI in Central Europe increased over the study period of 0,0012 per year. The average value of NDVI in Czech Republic increased of 0,0014 per year. On the territory of the Czech Republic increased the value of NDVI in three seasons (spring, autumn and winter). In the summer, in some areas, decreased NDVI values. Correlation coefficients between NDVI and temperature and NDVI and precipitation appeared consistently the highest in the spring. Keywords: NDVI, vegetation indices, temperature, precipitation, Central Europe, Czech Republic
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The Landscape of the Czech-Austrian Borderland: Development and Heritage
Rašín, Robin ; Chromý, Pavel (advisor) ; Kupková, Lucie (referee) ; Kubeš, Jan (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Science Department of Social Geography and Regional Development Robin Rašín The Landscape of the Czech-Austrian Borderland: Development and Heritage Summary Roztoky u Křivoklátu 2010 1 Landscape is a key geographical concept and geographical research on land change and land use has a tradition that can be dated back for almost a hundred years. The development of the subject orientation of land change science can be divided into two phases. (i) During the first phase (50's/60's of the 20th century) the description of landscape and its morphology (structure) were at the centre of research interest along with the research of the potential for agro-production. This particular type of study was motivated by the need to find a solution to the problem of the increasing inability to supply a growing (European) population with agricultural products. (ii) In the second phase (circa from 70's of the 20th century), the attention of scientists towards the accelerated rate of land change on a global scale that can be associated with: the increase of human population, changes in agricultural techniques, mining, environmental exploitation et cetera. There is an obvious need to solve the negative impacts of the human activities on the landscape at different scales (from local to...
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Territorial Differentiation of Elementary Education in Czechia during the 2nd Half of the 20th Century (Its Influence on Local and Regional Development)
Kučerová, Silvie ; Chromý, Pavel (advisor) ; Anděl, Jiří (referee) ; Siwek, Tadeusz (referee)
Územní diferenciace elementárního vzdělávání v Česku v 2. polovině 20. století (Vliv na lokální a regionální rozvoj) Od druhé poloviny 20. století jsme v mnoha hospodářsky vyspělých zemích, Česko nevyjímaje, svědky procesu výrazné polarizace prostoru v souvislosti se změnami v rozmístění elementárních škol. Masové uzavírání škol, zejména na venkově, a koncentrace vzdělávací funkce do center regionů vychází z obecných procesů, jakými jsou změny geografické organizace společnosti, stejně jako ze specifických historických podmínek v každé zemi. V této práci se na příkladu Česka pokusíme představit pomocí metod, jež jsou geografům vlastní, změny, které proběhly v síti elementárních škol. Dále budeme specifikovat vybrané důsledky tohoto procesu na stabilitu a fungování lokálních komunit a jeho vliv na marginalizaci obcí. ABSTRACT Territorial Differentiation of Elementary Education in Czechia during the Second Half of the Twentieth Century (Its Influence on Local and Regional Development) We are all witnesses to a process of extensive spatial polarization in the distribution of elementary schools in many economically developed countries, including Czechia, during the second half of the 20th and in the 21st century. Processes of mass school closures, especially in rural areas, and the concentration of...
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Approaches to the study of spatial interactions in geography: an example of evaluation of transport relationships among settlement centres in Czechia
Chmelík, Jakub
Spatial interactions considerably influence complex geographic organisation and the shaping of settlement structures, explaining and describing the importance of interrelationships in the landscape sphere on all scale levels. This is why they are called one of the crucial general terms of geography. When it comes to this topic, the biggest emphasis on it is primarily laid in the study of transport as well as transport networks that we can consider the main support for interactions. The topic of evaluation of spatial interactions or, if defined narrowly, of transport relationships, is characteristic due to its important interdisciplinary nature because the questions of interrelatedness of individual centres and their needs in the context of transport offer are dealt with by transport engineering fields, economic fields, land-use planning specialists, etc. Similarly to other spheres of social and economic geography, where this occurred earlier, present-day geography of transport is undergoing a change in the form of a variety of methodological approaches, "internal" specification of a more detailed delineation of the subject of study and new application challenges. As a rule, the topic of intensity and nature of transport relationships is associated with quantitative methods of cognition of the...
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Multifunctional agriculture in Czechia after accesion to the European Union: conceptualisation, development and regional differentiation
Hrabák, Jiří ; Jančák, Vít (advisor) ; Spišiak, Peter (referee) ; Novotná, Marie (referee)
8 Abstract The dissertation deals with the concepts of multifunctional agriculture in the context of transformations of Czech agriculture in the post-communist era. In general, the study mainly wanted to discuss the concepts of multifunctional agriculture, known for over three decades, especially from the Anglo-Saxon environment, and to analyse the development of Czech agriculture as well as application of multifunctional agriculture especially in the period after Czechia's joining the European Union, including the perception of multifunctional activities by farmers. The initial part of the study discusses the concepts of multifunctional agriculture as non- commodity production (OECD 2001) and an integral part of rural development (Van der Ploeg, Roep 2003) on the one hand and of agricultural multifunctionality (Wilson 2007), on the other. The empirical part of the work was based on a quantitative assessment of regional differentiation of multifunctional agriculture in Czechia, the territorial concentration of multifunctional activities and dependence between the variables that influence its implementation. The evaluation of the perception of multifunctional activities by farmers has resulted from a field survey, or interviews conducted with farmers in three areas of interest of various types (municipality...
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Analysis of morbidity in Czechia investigating health care provision and take-up in relation to diabetes mellitus
Kocová, Markéta
Analysis of morbidity in Czechia investigating health care provision and take-up in relation to diabetes mellitus Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a life-threatening disease which presents as hyperglycaemia or raised blood glucose. Late detection or a failure to follow treatment guidelines may lead to complications that significantly impact on the sufferer's daily life and require expensive medical treatment. The growing prevalence of this disease, which no longer only affects developed countries, therefore presents enormous risks to health care systems and society as a whole. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the geodemographic characteristics of the current diabetic population in Czechia. Particular attention will be paid to the age of diabetes sufferers, since in Czechia data on this is lacking. In pursuit of this aim the thesis makes use of anonymised data from the largest Czech health insurance company (Czech General Health Insurance). The first part of the thesis looks at diabetes mellitus as a medical condition, concentrating primarily on the basic types of the disease but also considering the potential health complications this disease causes. The theoretical part will discuss the main risk factors of developing the disease, such as genetic predisposition, age, obesity and other potential factors...
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