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Research on the transformation of Russian industrial structure
Xun, Chuanli ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Radošević, Slavo (referee) ; Semerák, Vilém (referee)
Over the three decades, the Russian Federation government introduced a string of industrial policies responsible for industrial structure change from a planned state-run economy to the market-based one and the return of command control structures under President Putin. It grew out into four phases of economic growth from 1991 - the post-communist decline between 1991 and 1999, the reconstructive phase between 2000 and 2007, the recession between 2008 and 2010, and the stagnation phase from 2010 to the present (Mau, 2016; Ahrend and Tompson, 2005; Aris and Tkachev, 2019). Consequently, this study investigates Russia's industrial structure transformation through these four phases of economic growth. While the Russian government implemented industrial policies annually for short, medium and long- term development, the four phases of economic changes domicile their impacts. In this respect, the study will compare the shifts in industrial structures during these four phases of Russian economic growth by comparing their industrial structure upgrade index. In this respect, the study focuses on realising Russia's structural adjustments together with transformation methods over the three decades of its existence. It includes showing how the Russian economy experienced growth (exponential, slow, retarded)...
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Examining Innovation-Growth View and Innovation-Fragility View: A Case of European Countries
Xu, Yunqiao ; Janda, Karel (advisor) ; Radošević, Slavo (referee) ; Hanzlík, Petr (referee)
This thesis examines the innovation-growth view and innovation-fragility view on the impacts of financial innovation on banking performances in 22 European countries. It focuses on three aspects of analysis: the relationship between financial innovation and bank growth, the relationship between financial innovation and bank stability, and the relationship between financial innovation and banking performance reduction during the COVID-19 pandemic. The panel data sample consists of 4479 active banks in 22 European Union countries from 2008 to 2020. This paper uses the fixed effects model. The paper finds that financial innovation contributes to both bank asset growth rate and bank loan growth rate. Banks with lower market shares, higher loan to asset ratios, and higher tier 1 capital ratios have faster asset growth rates compared to others. Financial R&D intensity value added leads to both lower bank z-score and lower log bank z-score, while the ratio of off-balance sheet items to total assets leads to a higher log bank z-score. There is also evidence for cross-country variation. During the COVID-19 pandemic, off-balance sheet items divided by total assets negatively impacts the change in ROA for banks between 2018 and 2020, which supports the innovation-fragility view.
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Research on the transformation of Russian industrial structure
Xun, Chuanli ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Radošević, Slavo (referee) ; Chytilová, Julie (referee)
Modern economic growth focuses primarily on changes in industrial structure, and economic growth and industrial structure are interdependent. A good industrial structure will inevitably promote rapid economic development. Based on research on the theory of evolution of industrial structure, evolution of industrial structure of Russia and impact of industrial structure on economic transformation, according to industrial data of Russia from 1990 to 2014 , including data on labor, investment, capital and GDP, examine the Russian industrial structure The impact of changes on the economy. By studying the characteristics of the three major Russian industries in different periods, we can analyze the main factors affecting the industrial structure of Russia. As an important factor in determining economic growth, changes in the industrial structure of Russia have a direct impact on the modernization of Russia's industrial structure and sustained economic growth. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the industrial structure of Russia retained the basic model of the Soviet economic structure. Because Russia is one of the largest transition countries in the world, its economic structure has always captured the world's attention. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, because Russia was in...
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The impacts of financial crisis on exports of Central and East European countries
Zhang, Wen ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Paulus, Michal (referee) ; Radošević, Slavo (referee)
Finanční krize, která začala v roce 2008, ovlivnila nejen finanční sektor, ale i zbytek ekonomik mnoha zemí světa. Země střední a východní Evropy (SVE) zažily především negativní externí poptávkový šok. Tato dizertace analyzuje, zda exporty zemí SVE odpovídají změnám HDP a zda finanční krize měla na obchod zemí SVE dlouhodobé dopady. Analýza využívá data za období 2000-2018 za 12 zemí SVE v roli exportérů a celkem 198 importérů. Je založena na strukturálním gravitačním modelu využívajícím Baier & Bergstrandovu (2009) "Bonus Vetus" metodu doplněnou o roční dummy proměnné a vybrané párové dummies pro vybrané páry zemí. Výsledky v první řadě ukazují, že v souladu se základní logikou gravitačních modelů jsou vzdálenost a HDP vývozců a dovozců významnými determinantami exportů. Výsledky dále ukazují na přítomnost dalších efektů, tj. že obchod se během krize změnil více, než by odpovídalo čistě změnám HDP. Dummy proměnné vztažené k citlivosti na HDP a k úrovňovému efektu ukazují na dlouhodobé dopady krize na obchod. Pokud jde o další vlivy, členství v EU a přítomnost plovoucího kurzu může exportům napomoci, zatímco vliv členství v Eurozóně byl nevýznamný. Kvůli přítomnosti trvalejších efektů dále analyzujeme data na sektorové úrovni. Dopady se týkaly všech sektorů, ale příčiny a velikost se lišily. I...
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Analysis of the Investment Environment of Chinese Commercial Properties in Czech Republic
Wang, Yining ; Vacek, Pavel (advisor) ; Svoboda, Karel (referee) ; Radošević, Slavo (referee)
Many countries would like to use foreign direct investment to increase the growth of GDP and promote stable development. The Czech Republic is one of the countries having the largest FDI within Central and Eastern Europe. Meanwhile, Chinese investments have increased significantly and already became an important feature of the China-Europe relationships during recent years. The closer cooperation between China and Europe could encourage FDI. Within the kinds of FDI, the real estate industries experienced a rapid increase in many developed and emerging regions. Therefore, the aim of this study is aiming to analyse the investment environment of Chinese commercial properties in the Czech Republic. Two basic research designs will be employed for this research. The first design is focusing on collected recent available data to present the investment climate of the Czech Republic. In this part, we also make comparisons of the Czech Republic with serval economies. We found that the relatively low cost of labour, low inflation rate, easier to set-up a business (in terms of both times consuming and cash consuming) make the Czech Republic becomes more attractive. And this is consistent with the empirical analysis. Secondly, the questionnaire method was used for the study and we get back 108 questionnaires....
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