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The Order of Malta and its activity in the Czech lands during the years 1874-1938
Pola, Martin ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Županič, Jan (referee) ; Sklenář, Michal (referee)
(in English): The Knights of St. John, also known as the "Johanniter", the Knights Hospitaller or the Knights of Malta, are undoubtedly the most important chivalric order of Christendom, which played an important role in the history of Europe. The Order came to the Czech lands in the 12th century and has been continuously active here ever since, although its activities in Czechoslovakia were almost completely suppressed between 1948 and 1990 and the Grand Priory survived only thanks to its members in exile. The present dissertation describes the activities of this Order in the Czech lands between 1874 and 1938. It focuses on the organizational and social aspects of the Order's activity as well as on its economic side. Nor does the priestly branch of the Order stand aside from the interest of this dissertation. The defined period was a time of revolutionary changes - until 1918 the Order could enjoy the support of the Austro-Hungarian elites, including the Emperor, however after the collapse of the monarchy it had to find its place in the new civil society and even fight for its existence. The Order did not see the successful culmination of these efforts in the Czech lands until the late 1930s, but in the light of the coming historical events, these achievements had only a very short life.
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The Activity of the Order of Malta in the Czech Lands in the Time of the so-called First Republic and its Economic Aspects
Pola, Martin ; Jemelka, Martin (referee)
(in English) The Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta is the oldest and most important knightly order of the Catholic Church. Its origins are connected with the crusades to the Holy Land and it came to the Bohemian territory in the second half of the 12th century. Until the break-up of the Austro-Hungarian Empire it enjoyed an exceptional position, but after the creation of the so-called first Czechoslovak Republic its position was greatly weakened. The new state, primarily a part of its political elites, was not inclined to the Catholic Church, and for a number of contemporaries represented this traditional and aristocratic order a relic of an old monarchy. The difficult political and social position of the order was accompanied by economic difficulties caused, inter alia, by land reform, which had a significant negative effect on the order's land property. The aim of this thesis is to describe the operation of the order at this time with a focus on its economic activities. Key words Order of Malta, Grand Priory of Bohemia, Economic activity, First Czechoslovak Republic, Land reform
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The History of Bukovec from the 18th to the Half of the 19th Century
Pola, Martin ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Chládek, Oldřich (referee)
The topic of the master thesis is the history of the village of Bukovec near Horšovský Týn, beginning with the early 18th century to the half of 19th century. The timeframe was chosen on the one hand with the consideration to the already written history of the village until the late 17th century, while the other boundary was defined by the revolutionary year of 1848, which brought major changes in the functioning of municipalities and their governments. Bukovec was a part of the large Trauttmansdorffs' dominion with its centre in Horšovský Týn throughout the specified period. It was also the seat of the parish: The analysis of manor and parish documents allows largely understand the social and economic ties within the village, and outline its historical development in the described period. Keywords Bukovec, manor of Horšovský Týn, parish of Bukovec, social history, economic history, microhistory
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The activity of the Order of Malta in the Czech lands in the time of the First Republic and its economic aspects
Pola, Martin ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Buben, Milan (referee)
(in English) The Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta is the oldest and most important knightly order of the Catholic Church. Its origins are connected with the crusades to the Holy Land and it came to the Bohemian territory in the second half of the 12th century. Until the break-up of the Austro-Hungarian Empire it enjoyed an exceptional position, but after the creation of the so-called first Czechoslovak Republic its position was greatly weakened. The new state, primarily a part of its political elites, was not inclined to the Catholic Church, and for a number of contemporaries represented this traditional and aristocratic order a relic of an old monarchy. The difficult political and social position of the order was accompanied by economic difficulties caused, inter alia, by land reform, which had a significant negative effect on the order's land property. The aim of this diploma thesis is to describe the operation of the order at this time with a focus on its economic activities. Key words Order of Malta, Grand Priory of Bohemia, Economic activity, First Czechoslovak Republic, Land reform
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The History of Bukovec to the Late 17th Century
Pola, Martin ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Doležalová, Eva (referee)
The topic of the bachelor thesis is the history of the village of Bukovec near Horšovský Týn, beginning with the ancient history to the late 17th century. The ancient village of Bukovec is one of the oldest villages in the area. Its dominant is in core the late Romanesque church of the Assumption from the late 12th century. Moreover the village became a feudal manor in the 12th century, which is evidenced by the predicate "of Bukovec". However, the center of the manor was transferred to the neighboring village of Čečovice in the middle of the 14th century and Bukovec became the center of the parish. Presented is also the history of the village during the Hussite wars and during the Post-Hussite time. In 1546 Bukovec became a part of the Lobkowicz dominion in Horšovský Týn. The first capture of the social and economical situation in the village is the urbary from 1587, which will also be analyzed in the thesis. Other sources of information about the social history of the village come from as late as the period after the Thirty Years` War. It is Berní rula from the half of 17th century and the oldest extand registers, dating back to the year 1672. The thesis tries to present the most important stages of development of Bukovec and its social conditions from the late 16th and throughout the 17th...
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The Analysis of the Austrian Economy in Comparison with the Czech Republic
Pola, Martin ; Svoboda, Roman (advisor) ; Kopecká, Lenka (referee)
This thesis conducts a comprehensive analysis of the economy of Austria and the Czech Republic from 2009 to 2014. Attention is paid to key macroeconomic indicators, which are interpreted and compared with each other. The first part presents theoretically characterized macroeconomic indicators that will be compared and interpreted in the thesis. The second analytical part focuses on the current state of the economies of both countries. It focuses on the comparison of GDP, public debt, unemployment, inflation and foreign trade of the Czech Republic and Austria.
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