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Generalized design of frequency filters with operational amplifiers
Dokoupil, Drahomír ; Minarčík, Martin (referee) ; Vrba, Kamil (advisor)
This thesis is about general design of frequency-selection filter with help of autonomous circuits. Operational amplifier has been chosen as active device/element. In the begining of this project is described role of frequency-selection filters in electronics circuits, their basic types and their transmission function. Another part of this thesis dissertate about construction of autonomous circuits, selection of suitable admittance network and it's simplification. Selected autonomous circuits are initial elements to find out known connections of frequency-selection filters. Last part of this thesis describing work with SNAP software, ways to find new connection of filter and describe how autonomous circuit works in voltage or current mode.
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Analog frequency filter design using signal flow graphs
Petlák, Martin ; Vrba, Kamil (referee) ; Minarčík, Martin (advisor)
In my graduation thesis I first of all shortly mentioned frequency–selection filters and their utilisations. However, the base point of this project was to acquaint with different types of signal flow diagrams with whom I should design and analyse frequency-selection filtres with conventional and also innovative active components. As the first I created signal flow diagrams for both voltage and current conveyors. These modern active components are well known today and enable the construction of circuits with better properties than circuits with traditional differentiating amplifiers with voltage feedback. Thereinafter I made signal flow diagrams for OTA component. Transconductancal amplifiers are well known active components used in various areas of analog signal processing. OTA amplifier is in fact the current source controlled by voltage difference, which is characterised by gm transconductance. Ulterior components were IOZ and IZN models of voltage amplifier with voltage gain A. The last component was COA amplifier. It is a current operational amplifier. COA model is fully dual component to VOA, which is classical voltage amplifier. In my project I used filters with two OTA components. This filter offers functions like low-pass filter, band-pass filter, high-pass filter, band-stop filter and two-phase network. Following this I used circuits with two GCC conveyors. These offer band-pass filter, low-pass filter, high-pass filter, band-stop filter and two-phase network. Ultimately I designed filters with COA components, which offer three transmission functions simultaneously (DP, PP and HP). Analysis of these filters was made with a help of PSpice computer programme.
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Multifunctional analog frequency filters
Žůrek, Radomil ; Koton, Jaroslav (referee) ; Minarčík, Martin (advisor)
Main topic of this bachelor thesis are the frequency filters and their application. It presents multifunction frequency filter circuits with focus on active circuit elements like current conveyors (GCC), voltage conveyors (GVC) and transconductance amplifiers (OTA), which operate in both voltage and current modes. Then it presents the outcomes of designing 26 second order frequency filters, all operating in both voltage and current modes. It discusses in theory the problematics of M-C graph design, which is graphics-based analogy of voltage and current incidental matrices. Selected circuit designs are examined as examples with their transfer functions determined and results presented as module frequency characteristics. Individual M-C graphs (signal flow graph) are designed for each filter circuit. In conclusion are summarized the characteristics of M-C graphs and their suitable applications.
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LAN design in the Dept. of Telecommunications
Kučera, Filip ; Minarčík, Martin (referee) ; Kapoun, Vladimír (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the proposal and the maintenance of Ethernet computer networks in the Department of Telecommunication property in Brno. There is a description of communication line types used in LAN computer networks in the first parts of the work. Their advantages and disadvantages are introduced too. Further there is an existing situation of the computer network on the third and the fourth floor of the Department of Telecommunication building documented. This documentation includes a design and a list of used components. The existing computer network has some minor inadequacies that were taken into consideration in the new proposal. There is a completely elaborate documentation of the new proposed network on the third and the fourth floor that contains a detailed placement and a single component configuration including their description. This documentation should significantly contribute to more effective network maintenance in the future. The computer network maintenance does not contain only servers, printers or workstations. It's also necessary to consider network parts that are not so perceptible for common users. That means single segments of computer networks with its active devices. A web based application for the effective computer network maintenance is proposed and described in this work too. The application allows administrator to keep a well-arrange view of the single network segments. All network related information is saved into a database that can help with a solution of later occurred problems.
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High-order frequency filters using modern active elements
Chrást, Jakub ; Minarčík, Martin (referee) ; Jeřábek, Jan (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the designing of active frequency filters of the second – order which is useful for the construction of cascade high – order filters. These filters were designed by means of autonomous circuits. Multiple current mirror and inverter MCMI, current operational amplifier COA and current differencing transconductance amplifier CDTA were used as active elements. Designing is focused on the circuits using MCMI. Designed filters work in current mode. In the introductory part there are described general characters of frequency filters. The second part includes the methods of construction high – order filters, the third part contains the description of active elements used. The design we can find in the fourth part. The functionality of filters was verified by computer simulation. One of the optimal filters was practically verified by available component UCC 0520. Two other filters were used for the construction of the fourth – order filter.
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Optimization of telecommunication education environment
Jeřábek, Josef ; Minarčík, Martin (referee) ; Škorpil, Vladislav (advisor)
The intended goal within the scope of this master´s thesis is to get acquainted with the product of EMONA INSTRUMENTS Company. There are two main concepts: the software version TutorTIMS – Advanced and the hardware version TIMS-301. Both concepts were bought into the laboratory, where the following subjects are being lectured: “Access and transport networks” and “Telecommunication network services”. Three laboratory exercises were prepared for both software version and hardware version. Both versions are modular and all designed exercises support independent and creative approach of students. All exercises also consist of standard parts, which are the description of the exercise and exemplary protocol solution. The first exercise is called “amplitude modulation” and is designed as an introductory exercise. Next are a couple of exercises which are designed to be performed on one workplace at the same time. The first of them is focused on practical verification of facts from amplitude shift keying, the second one focuses on link codes. This couple of exercises is the best choice, considering the hardware version of TIMS-301 and at the present time available modules in the lab. Software version is not limited in such way, but it was required to allow performing all of prepared exercises on both versions. Lastly there is a comparison between the software and hardware version and several options for hardware TIMS optimization.
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Multifunction frequency filters using GCMI
Voráč, Ladislav ; Minarčík, Martin (referee) ; Jeřábek, Jan (advisor)
At the beginning of my work are the frequency filter possibilities and their use discussed. I continue with the basic theoretical filter characters, their description through the use of the transfer functions, the transfer filter function of the second rank and further possible filter diversification on active and pasive ones. In the next chapter, there is a current mode introduced with its use and reasons why to pick it up. As next are several active current items descriped, that will be used for construction of the frequency filter of the second rank. The most used item for the application in the pure current mode is GMCI, which easily means Generalized Current Mirrors and Inventors. It is obvious already from its name what does it do, mirror reflecting and inverting. The next chapter talks about the concept method of the autonomous circuit, where in several blocks is the process of the frequency filter concept to be found. Last four chapters are focused on the detailed frequency filters concept, with all its active elements and their simulations. One of the circuit was choosen for the practical realization and at the conclusion it shows the comparison of the measured and simulated transfer parameters.
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Controlled analog frequency filters
Martinek, Pavel ; Koton, Jaroslav (referee) ; Minarčík, Martin (advisor)
In this bachelor’s thesis are described elements frequency filters, especially OTA amplifier, current and voltage conveyor. There're presented possibilities of control frequency-selection filters and components to control, analog multipliers, DA converters, controlled amplifiers and digitally controlled potentiometers. There are discussed some circuits of controlled filters and their possibilities of independent control of parameters f0, Q. Frequency characteristics for mentioned filters are verified simulator programme. The circuits are modified to other type filter and again frequency charakterestics are verified simulator programme PsPice.
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Voltage Conveyor Conception Design and Its Applications
Minarčík, Martin ; Vrba, Kamil (advisor)
This doctoral thesis deals with a voltage conveyor as a new active element for an analog signal processing. Various types of the voltage conveyors have been defined as a dual active elements to current conveyors based on a duality principle. Conception of a new active element that can supply all types of the voltage conveyors have been proposed. The active element has been named an universal voltage conveyor – UVC. A voltage follower is a basic building block of the UVC. The well-known circuit realization of the voltage follower comes from four transconductance amplifiers with key parameters (voltage transfer and output resistance) derived from relative accuracy of used transconductance amplifiers has been used by UVC fabrication. A new circuit realization of the voltage follower comes from three transconductance amplifiers with key parameters also derived from relative accuracy of used transconductance amplifiers has been designed. Further the doctoral thesis deals with a frequency filter with the voltage conveyors design using signal flow graphs. Various graphs of the voltage conveyors comes from the various circuit analysis methods with non-regular active elements have been created. A basic graph of the voltage conveyor has been designed with help of a known controlled sources graphs. This graph have been used to design of multifunctional frequency filters, filters with high input and low output impedance and controlled frequency filters. A design procedure have been created so that in specific step of the frequency filter design the basic graph of the voltage conveyor could be extended to graph of any type of the voltage conveyor. Thereby a practical usage of various types of the voltage conveyors has been finding out. Further a new method of frequency filter design based on expanding of the signal flow has beenproposed.
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Frequency filters using voltage conveyors
Dohnal, Pavel ; Vrba, Kamil (referee) ; Minarčík, Martin (advisor)
The topic of this bachelor´s thesis was frequency filters and their realization using voltage conveyors. The main goal of my thesis was design and simulation of frequency filters with voltage conveyors through two different methods. At first there were found filters second order with voltage conveyors using autonomous circuits. These circuits resulted from total admitance net. Then the frequency filters using voltage conveyors were solve through synthetic components. At the beginnig of this project the frequency filters, their characteristics, realizations and types were defined. Then were designed basic properties of current conveyors, from which we can derive voltage conveyors. The voltage conveyors are basic building components of my thesis. There were defined individual types of voltage conveyors and their close specification. There was defined universal voltage conveyor. Through the universal voltage conveyor we can realize all types of voltage conveyors. After the definition of useful species there were designed the frequency filters second order using voltage conveyors with four passive components using the total admitance net. There were found 44 these circuits. Then one of these circuits was selected and this circuit was simulated to lowpass and hipass. Subsequently the other method was used, where were used the synthetic components to creation of filters secon order. The circuits resulted from autonomous circuits, which were produced by the first method. 25 of these autonomous circuits were usable for this method. One of these circuits was simulated to lowpass and hipass.
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