|
|
What can literature do? An analysis of the power of literature and literary language
Cheng, Chau Fung ; Maesschalck, Marc (advisor) ; Goddard, Jean-Christophe (referee) ; Lisse, Michel (referee)
This thesis aims to unpack the power and potential of literature, examining a historic 1964 debate between prominent figures in literature and philosophy (Simone de Beauvoir, Jean-Paul Sartre, Jorge Semprun, Jean Ricardou, Jean-Pierre Faye, and Yves Berger). The study subsequently explores the pivotal distinction between ordinary and literary language, engaging with the perspectives of Maurice Blanchot and Merleau-Ponty to reveal the inherently dynamic nature of language and the power of literary language in revealing truth. The final stage of the study applies these insights to the pressing issue of hermeneutical injustice, proposing that literature can serve as a remedy for this form of injustice. Ultimately, this study contends that literature is not an insignificant player but possesses considerable potential to address and resolve societal issues. Keywords: literature; power of literature; 1964 debate; literary language; ordinary language; hermeneutical injustice; Simone de Beauvoir; Jean-Paul Sartre; Jean Ricardou; Maurice Blanchot; Maurice Merleau-Ponty
|
|
|
Minor Liberty and Major Liberty: For a decolonial reading of the philosophical genesis in Colombia
Meneses Alvarez, Nicolas ; Maesschalck, Marc (advisor) ; Pontière, Grégory (referee) ; Álvarez Villarreal, Lina Marcela (referee)
Title : MINOR LIBERTY AND MAJOR LIBERTY: For a decolonial reading of the philosophical genesis in Colombia. Abstract : This research endeavours to restore the philosophical foundations of freedom at work in the protectorate of Indians and the praxis of the first bishop of Popayan Juan del Valle as a primordial moment of philosophical activity in Colombia, and then to show its contradictions not only as regards its provisions but as regards the freedom and tradition properly indigenous. We call this major freedom after the major right and duty of the Misak people. Key-words : freedom, Major/Minor, Relationnality/Substantiality, Nupirau, Pishi, Protectorate of Indians, Things-concepts, Snail, Concretion/Abstraction.
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
The Marxist Eschatology of Ernst Bloch in The Principle of Hope
Pineda Canabal, Lenin Anibal ; Maesschalck, Marc (advisor) ; Gérard, Gilbert (referee)
This work aims to understand the breaking point between the Marxist and Christian views of history. Despite the differences between both views, they are based on the double idea of a vindictive and soteriological eschatology. The study addresses the perspective of Ernst Bloch in The Principle of Hope in the light of the debate on secularization. Bloch's eschatology surpasses Christian eschatology because it presents a "solution to the riddle of history" (Marx). It does not reveal itself as a kind of compensatory function opposing the frustrated historic hopes of the people of God, but as the total and possible achievement in this world of the overcoming of man's alienation.
|
|
|
The experience of alterity in the rise of a moral consensus: Sartre and Levinas
Abi Rached, Lamia ; Maesschalck, Marc (advisor) ; Dupuis, Michel (referee) ; Camilleri, Sylvain (referee)
Lamia ABI RACHED Thesis Abstract : "The experience of alterity in the rise of a moral consensus: Sartre and Levinas" Our study aims to prove that the experience of alterity is an essential key to solve the problem of the crisis of values that threatens our modern world and to build a modern moral consensus, adapted to the era of democratization of societies characterized by the sacralization of freedom and a relativism of values. It would seem that, despite the changes in regimes, changes in beliefs and lifestyles and geopolitical transformations that the world is undergoing today and which are orienting it towards greater diversity within increasingly heterogeneous societies, the only constant in this constantly changing world is the figure of the other. This perspective has led us to seek solutions to this crisis of values that the world is experiencing in the theories of alterity and intersubjective philosophy. It is in this spirit of re-founding the being-for-morality in a context of violence towards alterities that we attempt to re-interpret the philosophies of Sartre and Levinas for which the other must play a fundamental role in the construction of both individual and collective consciousness. Key-words : Morality-otherness-Consensus-Phenomenology-Moral ontology-Ethics of infinity
|
|
|
Staging the "critique of value [-dissociation]": stakes of a radical critical theory of capitalist patriarchy and of its theatrical transmission
Hecht, Sylvan ; Maesschalck, Marc (advisor) ; Klass, Tobias Nikolaus (referee)
(English): In the face of the scandal arising from the persistence of numerous systems of oppression in our time, which ravage and enslave both human beings and other species, often in a cumulative manner: capitalist, patriarchal, racist-colonial, rationalist-ableist and anthropocentrist-productivist systems, the so-called "post-modern" theories fail as well to provide emancipatory analyses and ways out of these systems of domination as do the "traditional Marxist" and classical anarchist theories, because all these theories lack a radical critique of the basic categories of capitalism-patriarchy that only the "value-dissociation critique" offers (at least as far as we are aware of). Since the mid-1980s and with a feminist turn in 1992, first in Germany and then also in Brazil and many other countries, the philosophical current of the "critique of value-dissociation" has been working to rethink a critical theory of patriarchal capitalism based on a radical overcoming of the whole "traditional Marxism". This is done by demonstrating the urgent need to deploy a critique of the basic categories of capitalism, namely work, value, money, commodities, fetishism, patriarchy, and the state; of these categories themselves, and not simply of their phenomenal forms. But how can a critical theory of such power...
|
|
|
Derrida, the untouchable, flesh
Uzir, Srijan ; Maesschalck, Marc (advisor) ; Serban, Claudia (referee) ; Camilleri, Sylvain (referee)
This thesis is a reading of Jacques Derrida's critique of an ontology of touch, otherwise known as 'haptocentrism'. It takes as its focus Derrida's reading of Husserl's Ideen II in his book Le Toucher-Jean-Luc Nancy. This is a text that has received much less attention from commentators who focus on Derrida's relationship to phenomenology. Through this reading, we hope to fill an important gap in the critical literature on this subject. Through our reading, we hope to destabilise the concept of the body proper.
|
|
|
Children's Philosophical Abilities: An Interdisciplinary Inquiry Into Children's Ability To Practice Philosophy
Abou Khalil, Charbel ; Maesschalck, Marc (advisor) ; Umbelino, Luis (referee) ; Pourtois, Hervé (referee)
Title: Children's Philosophical Abilities: An Interdisciplinary Inquiry Into Children's Ability To Practice Philosophy. Author: Abou Khalil, Charbel Supervisor: Maesschalck, Marc Academic year: 2020-2021 Title of the study programme: Erasmus Mundus Master's Degree in French and German Philosophies: Contemporary Challenges. Abstract: Is the child capable of philosophising? The doxa answers in the negative. In fact, childhood has long been equated with intellectual immaturity. According to the work of Jean Piaget, which continues to guide many current pedagogical practices, philosophy, requiring inner dialogue, abstraction, and formal logic, is inaccessible to children whose thinking is egocentric, concrete and irrational. Yet, since the 1970s, we have witnessed the emergence of new pedagogical practices, designed for the philosophical education of children from the age of five: Philosophy for Children (P4C), advocated by Matthew Lipman, is based on the principle of educational interventionism, and seeks to challenge the child's reason in order to discover its dormant cognitive potential. With its theoretical foundations in John Dewey's pragmatism and Lev Vygotsky's social constructivism, it opposes the Piagetian conception of cognitive development and challenges the three characteristics of the child's...
|
|
|
Dimensions of Violence Against Women: Rita Segato and Judith Butler
Prieto Arrubla, Daniella ; Maesschalck, Marc (advisor) ; Botbol-Baum, Mylène (referee) ; Pence, Charles H. (referee)
This work aims to theorize the change that violence against women has experienced in recent war contexts, drawing primarily on texts by the South American anthropologist Rita Segato and the American philosopher Judith Butler. In the first part, in order to explain the basis of the habitual violence against women we outline the construction of the opposition between public space and private space as well as the expressive dimension of violence against women. From the consideration of testimonies and the observation of spaces in war, we see the change that violence has experienced recently and we then present, in a second part, the various economic, political and social dimensions that contribute to the spread and recrudescence of this violence. The expressive dimension that remains central from the beginning allows, finally, in the third part, to deepen in a reflection on the physical and political vulnerability which makes intelligible the mechanisms of violence against women today. Judith Butler, Rita Segato, Violence, New Wars, Feminism, Vulnerability, Violence against women
|
guest ::
