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Supporting communication in patients with multiple sclerosis
Macháčková, Milada ; Klenková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Kopečný, Petr (referee)
The present diploma thesis deals with the topic of communication support in patients with multiple sclerosis in the terminal stage of the disease. Since the number of institutions in the Czech republic which deal with this issue is extremely limited, the questions addressed in the thesis are more topical than ever. In the first part of the thesis, the author introduces to the reader the disease as such, with its clinical picture and pathologies, types, diagnostics, progress, and treatment. The aim of the thesis is to characterize the needs and forms of support for patients with respect to communication and in order to reach this aim the author conducted a survey in an institution in the form of an exploratory research. Answers to the research questions were sought in case studies of patients who were willing to participate in the research and who shared their life stories and provided insight into their intimate struggle to cope with the disease in the best way possible. Their goal was prosaically simple - to keep control over their lives and their human dignity for as long as possible. KEYWORDS multiple sclerosis, augmentative communication, alternative communication, technical aids, non-technical aids
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Use of cognitive behavioural therapy for individuals with autistic spectrum disorders
Macháčková, Milada ; Felcmanová, Lenka (advisor) ; Hájková, Vanda (referee)
In my thesis I describe the application of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to patients with autism-spectrum disorders (ASD), with special attention to the social aspects of this pervasive developmental disorder. Social ineptitude, bad orientation in relationships, reserved behaviour and similar characteristics are typical of ASD, but it does not necessarily follow that an individual who has difficulties to enter into relationships does not desire to do so. These days, CBT enters this system as one of a few demonstrably effective methods. As the theoretical background for the thesis I present CBT as a school of psychotherapy, with its history and current development. Further, I characterize ASD and present the section of the spectrum in which CBT will be used the most. The practical part will present the application of CBT to a client with Asperger syndrome.
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