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Reasoning in Description Logics
Malenko, Jaromír ; Kučera, Antonín (advisor) ; Lukasová, Alena (referee) ; Křemen, Petr (referee)
Title: Reasoning in Description Logics Author: Mgr. Jaromír Malenko Department: Department of Theoretical Computer Science and Mathematical Logic, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Petr Štěpánek, DrSc.; Department of Theoretical Computer Science and Mathematical Logic, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague Keywords: Description logic, Reasoner, Cartesian product, Non-monotonic reasoning Abstract: We deal with several aspects of reasoning in Description Logics. First, since description logic (DL) is a subset of First Order Logic (FOL), we use a FOL reasoner to reason in DL. We implemented dl2fol, a DL reasoner that takes an ontology (a DL theory with rules), translates it into a FOL theory, passes this set of formulae to an underling FOL reasoner, and interprets the result in terms of given ontology. This is an effective method for reasoning with newly introduced language constructors. However, we observed longer running times and that satisfiability of some DL concepts wasn't proved due to FOL undecidability. Second, we extend two DLs by introducing new language construct: cartesian product (CP) of concepts and roles. This allows for expressing relationships, that are not expressible by other means in weaker DLs. We...
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Funding of Drugs in the Czech Republic
Lukášová, Alena ; Stará, Dana (advisor) ; Dittrich, Oldřich Ludwig (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of the drugs funding in the Czech Republic. The literature review briefly describes the history of pharmacy. However, the main orientation is centered on the drugs organization and distribution, providing details of the process that has to be completed by each and every drug before it is allowed to be offered in pharmacies. The thesis also focuses on the state health care policy, and drugs policy. The following section analyzes the drugs pricing and payment policy, public health insurance with orientation on the health insurance providers, private sector, and specifically on additional payments for drugs and regulatory fees, representing direct payments of the households.
The thesis examines total expenses and funding sources connected with the health care, specifically connected with the aforementioned drugs funding policy. This part of the thesis also addresses the topic of the expenses of the health insurance providers according to the type of the provided care and households expenses, with regard to the topic of the thesis. Finally, a general drugs consumption and number of pharmaceutical units are provided.
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