|
|
Functional movement disorders: phenotypes, neurobiological markers, pathophysiological mechanisms
Forejtová, Zuzana ; Serranová, Tereza (advisor) ; Kališová, Lucie (referee) ; Bočková, Martina (referee)
Functional Movement Disorders (FMD), also known as conversion, psychogenic, or dissociative motor disorders, are complex and clinically heterogeneous group of diseases. In addition to motor symptoms, FMD are manifested by a number of comorbid non-motor symptoms. Despite the potential reversibility, these disorders still have an unfavourable prognosis and are associated with a low quality of life. Regardless of the growing interest of both clinical and research communities over the last two decades, this issue remains insufficiently understood in many aspects. The aim of the presented studies was to fill some gaps in the knowledge of neurophysiological and clinical correlates in FMD. The first of the presented studies explored the robust neurophysiological phenomenon of prepulse inhibition (PPI) in FMD. The alteration in PPI, along with previous findings of a reduced PPI in other functional syndromes, supported a possible unified pathophysiology across functional neurological and somatic syndromes with implications for diagnostic classification and development of novel biomarkers and treatments. These results are in line with the differentiation FMD from feigned or malingered phenomena. The aim of the second study was to explore the relationship between common motor, non-motor symptoms and...
|
|
|
Current trends in electroconvulsive therapy
Opelka, Jakub ; Niederlová, Markéta (advisor) ; Kališová, Lucie (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on electroconvulsive therapy from a research and clinical perspective. Special emphasis is placed on cognitive impairment as one of the most serious side effects of electroconvulsive therapy. It also briefly summarizes the historical development and current good practice in electroconvulsive therapy. It presents several hypotheses on the mechanism of action of electroconvulsive therapy and briefly discusses the technical aspect of this treatment method. Future perspectives and new variants of convulsive methods are described with emphasis on Low Amplitude Seizure Therapy. The proposed research aims to compare the degree of cognitive impairment when using electroconvulsive therapy and its new variant Low Amplitude Seizure Therapy. A sub-objective is to map the profile of cognitive impairment with Low Amplitude Seizure Therapy alone, as no such research exists to date. A battery of cognitive tests consisting of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, and the Columbia University Autobigraphical Memory Interview - Short Form was constructed for research purposes. Keywords electroconvulsive therapy, Low Amplitude Seizure Therapy, cognitive function, retrograde amnesia, major depressive disorder, MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery
|
|
|
název v anglickém jazyce není uveden
Kališová, Lucie ; Paclt, Ivo (advisor) ; Höschl, Cyril (referee) ; Schreiber, Vratislav (referee)
At present, depressive disorders affect a considerable proportion of population, their incidence showing an increasing tendency in the developed world. Depression mostly afflicts people in the age of 25-35. It occurs in females twice as often as in males. Depression involves an intense subjective suffering accompanied with a disruption of normal everyday functioning. Moreover, when compared with the healthy population, there exists a thirty times higher danger of suicide in the people affected with depression. The illness unfortunately tends to become chronic, the probability of recurrence of an episode being 50%. Furthermore, some patients suffering from the depressive disorder do not adequately respond to an antidepressant therapy; we call such patients treatment-resistant. There certainly exists a close relation between the endocrine and the central nervous system, most endocrine disorders being potentially accompanied with changes of psyche and vice versa. With affective disorders the most frequently reported disruption involves an interference with the function of the hypothalamicpituitary- adrenocortical (HPA) axis, though various studies repeatedly acknowledged also deviations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis. The most frequent findings comprise an altered serum thyrotropin response...
|
guest ::
RSS feed.