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Essays on Economics of Adaptive Learning and Imperfect Monitoring
Janjgava, Batlome ; Slobodyan, Sergey (advisor) ; McGough, Bruce (referee) ; Kasa, Kenneth (referee)
The topic of this dissertation is equilibrium selection in models with incomplete and imperfect information. The dissertation consists of three chapters. In the first two chapters, I focus on firms' decision problems with a structural uncertainty and imperfect monitoring. In the first chapter, co-authored with Sergey Slobodyan, we study a market with two firms competing in quantities. Firms are uncertain about demand parameters and have to learn them using price signals. Although the Cournot output is the Nash equilibrium in the model, we identify conditions when cooperative behavior may arise due to learning and find an endogenous price threshold that triggers such behavior. We show that cooperation is more probable in markets with higher precision of firm-specific shocks. In the second chapter, I investigate the social efficiency of free entry in homogeneous product markets. In general, free entry is considered desirable for a society from a social welfare point of view and thus, represents traditional wisdom among economic professions. However, many economists have challenged this view and shown that under Cournot oligopoly with fixed setup costs, the free entry equilibrium always delivers excessive entry in homogeneous product markets, known as the excess entry theorem. In this chapter, I reexamine the...
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Modeling Uganda
Cincibuch, M. ; Kejak, Michal ; Vávra, D. ; Auda, O. ; Aslanyan, Gurgen ; Bečičková, H. ; Daniš, P. ; Hřebíček, H. ; Janjgava, Batlome ; Kacer, R. ; Kameník, O. ; Konopecký, F. ; Lamazoshvili, Beka ; Lukáč, J. ; Menkyna, Robert ; Mirzoyan, Armen ; Motl, T. ; Musil, K. ; Plotnikov, S. ; Rasulova, Khanifakhon ; Remo, A. ; Vlček, J.
The report has three chapters. The chapter 1 summarizes main features of the Ugandan economy relevant for building the FPAS. The chapter 2 presents the structural macroeconomic model and its properties captured by decompositions of variances of the model’s variables in terms of the model shocks and by its impulse-response functions. The chapter also describes Bayesian vector autoregressions used for the near-term forecasting. The chapter 3 evaluates how the models perform empirically. The forecasting power is assessed both in the sample as well as by using an out-of-the-sample comparison with the standard random-walk benchmark. We conclude that the FPAS performs satisfactorily in this comparison.
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Modeling South Africa
Cincibuch, M. ; Kejak, Michal ; Vávra, D. ; Auda, O. ; Aslanyan, Gurgen ; Baksa, D. ; Bečičková, Hana ; Daniš, P. ; Hřebíček, Hynek ; Janjgava, Batlome ; Kacer, R. ; Kameník, O. ; Konopecký, F. ; Lukáč, J. ; Mirzoyan, Armen ; Motl, Tomáš ; Musil, K. ; Plotnikov, S. ; Remo, A. ; Szilágyi, K. ; Vlček, J.
The report has two chapters. Chapter 1 describes the structural model lies at the heart of the FPAS. It summarizes the main features of the South African economy relevant for building the structural model and describes in detail the most distinctive parts of the model. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the model properties and an interpretation of past economic developments in South Africa through the optic of the model. Chapter 2 evaluates how the FPAS performs empirically. The forecasting power is assessed by in-sample comparison with the standard random-walk benchmark. We conclude that the FPAS performs satisfactorily in this comparison.
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Modeling Russia
Cincibuch, M. ; Kejak, Michal ; Vávra, D. ; Auda, O. ; Aslanyan, Gurgen ; Baksa, D. ; Bečičková, Hana ; Daniš, P. ; Hřebíček, Hynek ; Janjgava, Batlome ; Kacer, R. ; Kameník, O. ; Konopecký, F. ; Lukáč, J. ; Mirzoyan, Armen ; Motl, Tomáš ; Musil, K. ; Plotnikov, S. ; Remo, A. ; Szilágyi, K. ; Vlček, J.
The report has two chapters. Chapter 1 describes the structural model lies at the heart of the FPAS. It summarizes the main features of the Russian economy relevant for building the structural model and describes in detail the most distinctive parts of the model. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the model properties and an interpretation of past economic developments in Russia through the optic of the model. Chapter 2 evaluates how the FPAS performs empirically. The forecasting power is assessed by in-sample comparison with the standard random-walk benchmark. We conclude that the FPAS performs satisfactorily in this comparison.
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Modeling Myanmar
Cincibuch, M. ; Kejak, Michal ; Vávra, D. ; Auda, O. ; Aslanyan, Gurgen ; Baksa, D. ; Bečičková, Hana ; Daniš, P. ; Hřebíček, Hynek ; Janjgava, Batlome ; Kacer, R. ; Kameník, O. ; Konopecký, F. ; Lukáč, J. ; Mirzoyan, Armen ; Motl, Tomáš ; Musil, K. ; Plotnikov, S. ; Remo, A. ; Szilágyi, K. ; Vlček, J.
The report has two chapters. Chapter 1 describes the structural model which lies at heart of the FPAS. It summarizes the main features of the Myanmar economy relevant for building the structural model and describes in detail the most distinctive parts of the model. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the model properties and an interpretation of past economic developments in Myanmar through the optic of the model. Chapter 2 evaluates how the FPAS performs empirically. The forecasting power is assessed by in-sample comparison with the standard random-walk benchmark. We conclude that the FPAS performs satisfactorily in this comparison.
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Modeling Moldova
Cincibuch, M. ; Kejak, Michal ; Vávra, D. ; Auda, O. ; Aslanyan, Gurgen ; Baksa, D. ; Bečičková, Hana ; Daniš, P. ; Hřebíček, Hynek ; Janjgava, Batlome ; Kacer, R. ; Kameník, O. ; Konopecký, F. ; Lukáč, J. ; Mirzoyan, Armen ; Motl, Tomáš ; Musil, K. ; Plotnikov, S. ; Remo, A. ; Szilágyi, K. ; Vlček, J.
The report has two chapters. Chapter 1 describes the structural model which lies at the heart of the FPAS. It summarizes the main features of the Moldovan economy relevant for building the structural model and describes in detail the most distinctive parts of the model. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the model properties and an interpretation of past economic developments in Moldova through the lens of the model. Chapter 2 evaluates how the FPAS performs empirically. The forecasting power is assessed by in-sample comparison with the standard random-walk benchmark. We conclude that the FPAS performs satisfactorily in this comparison.
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Modeling Kyrgyzstan
Cincibuch, M. ; Kejak, Michal ; Vávra, D. ; Auda, O. ; Aslanyan, Gurgen ; Baksa, D. ; Bečičková, Hana ; Daniš, P. ; Hřebíček, Hynek ; Janjgava, Batlome ; Kacer, R. ; Kameník, O. ; Konopecký, F. ; Lukáč, J. ; Mirzoyan, Armen ; Motl, Tomáš ; Musil, K. ; Plotnikov, S. ; Remo, A. ; Szilágyi, K. ; Vlček, J.
The report consists of three chapters. Chapter 1 - Introduction is concluded with a short description of Kyrgyz economy and some of the stylized facts. The report continues with two chapters. Chapter 2 describes the structural model which lies at the heart of the FPAS. It summarizes the main features of the Kyrgyz economy relevant for building the structural model and describes in detail the most distinctive parts of the model. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the model properties and an interpretation of past economic developments in Kyrgyzstan through the lenses of the model. Chapter 3 evaluates how the FPAS performs empirically. The forecasting power is assessed by in-sample comparison with the standard random-walk benchmark. We conclude that the FPAS performs satisfactorily in this comparison.
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Modeling Kazakhstan
Cincibuch, M. ; Kejak, Michal ; Vávra, D. ; Auda, O. ; Aslanyan, Gurgen ; Baksa, D. ; Bečičková, Hana ; Daniš, P. ; Hřebíček, Hynek ; Janjgava, Batlome ; Kacer, R. ; Kameník, O. ; Konopecký, F. ; Lukáč, J. ; Mirzoyan, Armen ; Motl, Tomáš ; Musil, K. ; Plotnikov, S. ; Remo, A. ; Szilágyi, K. ; Vlček, J.
The report has two chapters. Chapter 1 describes the structural model lies at the heart of the FPAS. It summarizes the main features of the Kazah economy relevant for building the structural model and describes in detail the most distinctive parts of the model. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the model properties and an interpretation of past economic developments in Kazakhstan through the optic of the model. Chapter 2 evaluates how the FPAS performs empirically. The forecasting power is as- sessed by in-sample comparison with the standard random-walk benchmark. We con- clude that the FPAS performs satisfactorily in this comparison.
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Modeling Rwanda
Auda, O. ; Bečičková, H. ; Cincibuch, M. ; Čižmár, P. ; Hřebíček, H. ; Janjgava, Batlome ; Kameník, O. ; Katreniaková, D. ; Kejak, Michal ; Lamazoshvili, Beka ; Lukáč, J. ; Machala, J. ; Menkyna, Robert ; Musil, K. ; Rasulova, Khanifakhon ; Remo, A. ; Vávra, D. ; Vlček, J. ; Zemčík, Petr
The report consists of four chapters. Chapter 1 assesses the historical performance of forecasts for Rwanda. Historical forecasts since January 2010 are compared with the actual data as well as with projections of other institutions. Chapter 2 presents the structural macroeconomic model, its changes compared to the December 2009 version, and its properties captured by impulse-response functions and by variance decompositions of model’s variables in terms of the model shocks. Important is the part on the model-consistent interpretation of the recent economic Rwanda history. The section describing Bayesian vector autoregressions used for the near-term forecasting concludes. Chapter 3 evaluates how the models perform empirically. On the contrary to Chapter 1, the forecasting power is assessed both in the sample as well as by using an out-of-thesample comparison with the standard random-walk benchmark. We conclude that the FPAS performs satisfactorily in this comparison. The last chapter gives an overview of the considerable country database that has been compiled.
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Modeling Ethiopia
Auda, O. ; Bečičková, H. ; Cincibuch, M. ; Čižmár, P. ; Hřebíček, H. ; Janjgava, Batlome ; Kameník, O. ; Katreniaková, D. ; Kejak, Michal ; Lamazoshvili, Beka ; Lukáč, J. ; Machala, J. ; Menkyna, Robert ; Musil, K. ; Rasulova, Khanifakhon ; Remo, A. ; Vávra, D. ; Vlček, J. ; Zemčík, Petr
The report has three chapters. Chapter 1 summarizes the main features of the Ethiopian economy relevant for building the forecasting and policy analysis system (FPAS). Chapter 2 presents the structural model, and near-term forecast models. Chapter 3 evaluates how the models perform empirically.
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