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The effect of technologies on physical activity and eatning habits in adolescents
Charvátová, Pavla ; Kytnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
Children's obesity is a global issue. Overweight is associated with many health complications and social inconveniences. The theoretical part is devoted to the general causes of obesity development, complications associated with obesity and treatment of obesity. Physical activity, children's and adolescent's eating habits are discussed in the following chapter. Short parts are devoted to describing the characteristics of adolescents period and modern technologies. The group consisted of 11 adolescents aged from 11 to 18 years. The adolescents were observed for two months. During this period, adolescents recorded physical activity, number of steps, number of hours spent with technologies (mobile phones, computers, tablets, laptops). Each of them also wrote down their eating habits. All eating habits diets were provided evaluated and compared with recommendations. Adolescents were measured twice on a bioimpedance device, their body compositions were determined and evaluated based on their measuring. Research proved that each respondent has shown a change in body composition (ratio between muscle and fat), which did not always show a decrease in total body weight. For adolescents, motivation was caused by borrowed pedometers. But not even thanks to this modern technology, adolescents were not able to...
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Comparison of Somatic Parameters of the Standard and BLW Methods of Introducing Complementary Food to 12 Months Old Infants
Skalková, Zdislava ; Frühauf, Pavel (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
Introduction: The BLW method (Baby-Led Weaning) is an increasingly used method of introducing complementary nutrition to infants, in which the phase of feeding a puree with a spoon is completely omitted and larger pieces of food are immediately offered to the infants. There are concerns that children at BLW may cause worse thriving of them. Aims: The main aim of the work is to compare the somatic parameters of 12 months old infants depending on the method of feeding. The partial goals are to find out how much information parents have about the BLW method and what their child's nutrition looks like in their first year of life. Methods: Retrospective observational research was carried out by means of a questionnaire survey among parents of toddlers aged from the end of the 12th month to the end of the 18th month. The set consisted of 186 respondents for the evaluation of general information about the child's nutrition. Somatic parameters (head circumference, length/height, weight and weight/length [height] ratio at 12 months) were evaluated in a set of 153 respondents, the data were obtained from the child's health card. Data collection took place at the turn of February and March 2021. The data comparison was performed by t-test and ANOVA test. Results: The mean weight percentile at 12 months is...
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Food allergies in infant and toddler age
Stárková, Klára ; Floriánková, Marcela (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of food allergies in infant and toddler age. Theoretical part sums up the newest information about prevelance, which is increasing and food allergies are becoming one of the disease of civilization in 21. century. Next chapter is about the basics of patophysiology and explanation of difference between IgE and non-IgE reactions. Other chapters are focused on diagnostic methods, symptoms and treatment. Next parts deal with the most common food alergens in infant and toddler age, prognosis, risk factors and prevention. The aim of the work was to find out level of parent's knowlodege about the food allergies, what is their main source of the information and incidence of food allergies in children. The select methodology of the work was questionnare survey. The results are that parents don't have enough relevant information about food allergies, they are best informed about recommended lenght of an exclusive breastfeeding and about an appropriate age for an introduction of complementary food. The information are mostly searched on the internet, less from pediatrician. It was also found there is no significant dependency of the quality of information and level of education or allergic load in family. The proportion of children with food allergies was quite high...
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The effect of technologies on physical activity and eatning habits in adolescents
Charvátová, Pavla ; Kytnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
Children's obesity is a global issue. Overweight is associated with many health complications and social inconveniences. The theoretical part is devoted to the general causes of obesity development, complications associated with obesity and treatment of obesity. Physical activity, children's and adolescent's eating habits are discussed in the following chapter. Short parts are devoted to describing the characteristics of adolescents period and modern technologies. The group consisted of 11 adolescents aged from 11 to 18 years. The adolescents were observed for two months. During this period, adolescents recorded physical activity, number of steps, number of hours spent with technologies (mobile phones, computers, tablets, laptops). Each of them also wrote down their eating habits. All eating habits diets were provided evaluated and compared with recommendations. Adolescents were measured twice on a bioimpedance device, their body compositions were determined and evaluated based on their measuring. Research proved that each respondent has shown a change in body composition (ratio between muscle and fat), which did not always show a decrease in total body weight. For adolescents, motivation was caused by borrowed pedometers. But not even thanks to this modern technology, adolescents were not able to...
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Celiac disease in childhood and adherence to gluten-free diet
Číhová, Anna ; Frühauf, Pavel (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
Basis: Celiac disease is a systemic autoimmune disease caused by gluten intolerance in genetically predisposed individuals that occurs in both children and adults. The presence of gluten in the diet results in the intestinal inflammation, crypt hyperplasia and villus atrophy in the predisposed individuals and consequently nutrient malabsorption. Celiac manifestations include a diverse spectrum of gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal disorders. The only treatment that leads to the normalization of the intestinal mucosa and the disappearance of problems is a lifelong, strictly gluten-free diet. Objective: Two objectives were chosen for this work. The first objective was to compare the levels of antibodies and thereby the compliance to the gluten-free diet of patients diagnosed by the biopsy and the non-biopsy procedure. The second objective was to compare the somatic parameters (weight, height and BMI) of all 170 individuals with the celiac disease, with the general population, especially the compliant and non-compliant patients with the general population, and the two groups. Methodology: In the practical part of this work, the chosen method was an anonymous collection of data from medical records. All findings that were collected were registered and compared and the statistics were analysed by...
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Crohn's disease exclusive enteral nutrition treatment during childhood
Černá, Martina ; Starnovská, Tamara (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the problems of Crohn's disease and its treatment with exclusive enteral nutrition in childhood. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The basic facts about epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, symptoms, diagnostics, diet, treatment and the specifics of Crohn's disease in childhood are given in the theoretical part. The practical part looks at the five casuistries of children suffering from Crohn's disease and treated with exclusive enteral nutrition. The goal of this work was to compare the information from literature and furthermore evaluate the health conditions before and after the treatment.
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Dietary supplements in nutrition of toddlers with delayed psychomotor development undergoing spa treatment
Šírová, Lucie ; Bartošová, Olga (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
The thesis aimed at finding out whether parents of toddlers with delayed psychomotor development undergoing curative spa stays administer food supplements, their reasons for administering them and what kinds and how often food supplements are administered. Eating habits of these children were looked into as well. Children with polio and central infantile hypotonic syndrome took part in the research. Quantitative research method using an anonymous questionnaire was employed for data collection. Altogether, there were 50 respondents. The results showed that 72 % (n=36) of parents already administered their children food supplements at such an early age. The most frequent motive for this was to strengthen the immune system. Vitamin supplements counted among the most frequently administered supplements in the sample. Furthermore, the research showed that not even the food composition of children in the sample was ideal. The results proved that it is highly desirable to pursue nutrition education of parents of children with neurological handicaps and chiefly also assure higher awareness of food supplements. Key words: dietary supplements, nutrition, toddler period, delayed psychomotor development, vitamins, cerebral palsy
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The importance of the non-dairy complementary food for child's following health development
Kylarová, Adéla ; Frühauf, Pavel (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
This thesis deals with the implementation of complementary food into infant's nutrition and its effect on baby's later health. In the theoretical part the relationship between nutrition in the early age and later morbidity and mortality is explored. Complementary food is discussed as a one of the aspects, which epigenetically influences future metabolism by so called nutritional programming. Appropriate procedure of introducing normal family diet is described as well as its physiological reasoning. Besides optimal timing, the ideal way of introducing each food is explored. Psychological aspects of implementing complementary food are looked into as well. Next, the situation in the Czech Republic concerning baby food is examined. In the practical part, the thesis deals with the awareness of Czech women about the introduction of complementary food, their awareness of first complementary food, ideal foods for infants and implementing normal family food to baby's nutrition in infant stage. The questionnaire was answered by 164 women. It was found that awareness is inadequate, most women manage to introduce first complementary food, but know little about further nutritional procedure. This phenomenon was more distinct in pregnant women than in mothers. But even among mothers, greater awareness of...
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Physiological nutrition of infants
Malá, Pavlína ; Frühauf, Pavel (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with physiological nutrition of infants. It is divided into two parts. The theoretical part describes facts about newborn, infant and their needs. Then pursues basic physiological parameters of the newborn and the ways of assessment of nutrition status. The thesis discusses all aspects of breastfeeding, infant milk substitutes and complementary feeding. Also speaks about risks of alternative nutrition, obesity and eating disorders. The practical part finds out differences in growth charts of hundred children in the first year of their life. The half of the children are breastfed, the second half is artificially fed. This work is originated quantitative data analysis. The graphic processing shows that breastfed children have a lower body mass index and lower average weight gain. Statistical test demonstrates significant results only in 6th months old girls. Keys words: infant, nutrition, growth, breastfeeding, infant milk substitutes, complementary feeding, obesity
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