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Art and Drama Concept in Primary School
Dušková, Helena ; Špičková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Špičková, Kateřina (referee)
Presented thesis investigates the possibilities of art drama in the form of project teaching at elementary level of primary schools. The theoretical part characterises a child of a younger school age, types of communication in the classroom and the role of a teacher. It deals with methods and means of art and craft and drama lessons which interlace in the process of art drama. It defines the subject of artfiletics as a starting point of an alternative art process. The practical part describes in detailes individual parts of the project using technicques of art drama to understand symbolics and ceremoniality of folk traditions. Authentic experience of drama play or different physical action should motivate children to their own art creations. It sould be benficial to their aesthetic, personality and social development. KEYWORDS: Art drama, project teaching, folk traditions, symbolics, aesthetics perception, social and personality development
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Ethics and culture in interaction with difficult clients
DUŠKOVÁ, Helena
In my thesis, I focused on the ethical and cultural dimension of social work, application of ethical principles and choice of attitude by a helping professional when working with a client. Subsequently, I followed changes in application of these ethical principles and changes of attitude in high-strain situations in the contact with a so-called difficult client. Further, I focused on the defence mechanisms which a helping professional chooses to cope with high-strain situations and manage his job well. In the individual chapters of the theoretical parte, by the analysis of scientific literature I described theoretical bases of the professional relationship between a social/health social worker and a klient and I focused on the realization of this relationship and on what it brings the worker in high-strain situations when working with the so-called difficult client. In the empirical part, I set one main goal to find out how social workers react on the ethical level in high-strain situations while interacting with difficult clients. Partial goals were designed to find out what ethical principles social workers apply, what attitudes they choose, which clients they consider difficult and what defence mechanisms they develop to cope with high-strain situations. To reflect these goals, I set one main research question and four partial ones. For the collection of data, I opted for the method of quantitative research and I used the questioning method in the form of a half-structured interview. I chose the set of respondents for my research by the method of simple random sampling. To process the research data, I chose the method of case study. Processing the interviews and analysing them, I found out that social workers in high-strain situations do not change their application of ethical principles. Further, I found out that the choice of attitude in high-strain situations changes and that social workers choose, instead of a partner attitude based on equality, a more or less directive stance. All of the respondents met a difficult client at work and dealing with high-strain situations causes them certain indisposition they have to cope with. The answer to the main research question is thus that on ethical level social workers react in high-strain situation by a shift in the choice of their attitude and solving ethical dilemmas. It was a hostile client that the social workers listed most frequently in the typology of clients. It became evident during the interviews what kind of defence mechanisms social workers choose to be able to cope with high-strain situations. The thesis may provide information to the general public and experts.
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The ethic in works of T.G.Masaryk
DUŠKOVÁ, Helena
Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk was an influential person of the modern history. Today, people know him more as a president of the Czechoslovak Republic. However, T. G. Masaryk was not only a politician, but also a philosopher with strong moral principles. The aim of my work was to bring some of T. G. Masaryk?s books back to life, and focus on the ethical principles that are included in his work. I consider T. G. Masaryk?s intellectual heritage to be still valid. I focused on particular essays that T. G. Masaryk wrote and choose his most important ethical thoughts within there texts through a precise analysis. I choose his books ?Ideály humanitní?, ?Sebevražda hromadným jevem společenské osvěty?, ?O škole a vzdělání? and the lecture ?O ženě? as the basis of my work. In the practical part of my work, I examined the knowledge of the students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies at the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice through a survey. I set three hypotheses for this inquiry. The results of my research show that students know biographical facts about T. G. Masaryk well, they make mistakes in the identification of his books, have only partial knowledge of his life philosophy and that none of the students has ever read any of his books.
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