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Paternal methamphetamine exposure - effect on the development of offspring
Mihalčíková, Lýdia ; Šlamberová, Romana (advisor) ; Cendelín, Jan (referee) ; Riljak, Vladimír (referee)
Introduction: Drug addiction and its effect on the behavior and development of children has become a serious problem in our society. Methamphetamine (MA) is one of the most abused psychostimulants in the Czech Republic, and its abuse is rising worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated the adverse long-term effects of maternal drug abuse on rat offspring. However, the father's contribution as a parent and donor of half the genetic information is unclear. Aim: First, the present study aimed to examine the effect of MA administration on male sexual behavior, locomotor activity, spermatogenesis, and testosterone level. Second, the impact of paternal MA exposure on behavioral development, locomotor activity, and social interaction in rat offspring was examined. Methods: MA was administrated for 30 days at a dose of 5 mg/kg s.c. to adult male rats (PD 90). The control group was exposed to saline (SA). During the experiments, 6-8 individuals from each group were tested. The sensorimotor development of rat pups was examined during PD 1-23. The Social play experiment was conducted with juvenile rats (PD 30). The sexual behavior, spermatogenesis, and locomotor activity of fathers and offspring were tested in adulthood. Prior to testing, adult offspring were exposed to an acute challenge dose of MA (1...
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Psychiatric-Relevant Impairments in Mouse Models of Spinocerebellar Ataxias
Tichánek, Filip ; Cendelín, Jan (advisor) ; Riljak, Vladimír (referee) ; Zumrová, Alena (referee)
Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) constitute a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by the dysfunction of the cerebellum and disturbed coordination of movements. Aside from these, many SCA patients suffer also from cognitive impairments and diverse mental issues, including apathy, depression and anxiety. Although often overlooked, growing evidence suggests their profound contribution to the reduced life quality and poor health outcomes. However, their nature remains largely unclear. This thesis aims to address this by studying the mouse models of hereditary ataxia. To achieve this, psychiatric-relevant behavioural abnormalities and their underlying neuropathology were studied in mice with cerebellar-specific degeneration (lurcher) and the knock-in mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia 1 (SCA1 mice). The methodology included complex behavioural testing, histological techniques, biochemical analyses, immunofluorescence imaging, and measuring the mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Obtained data were then analysed using modern statistical approaches accompanied by computer-intensive methods such as bootstrapping simulations. Experiments confirmed cognitive deficits in both lurcher and SCA1 mice. Interestingly, behavioural characterization identified numerous psychiatric-relevant behavioural...
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Perinatal hypoxia: mechanisms and etiology
Laštůvka, Zdeněk ; Riljak, Vladimír (advisor) ; Cendelín, Jan (referee) ; Vízek, Martin (referee)
Perinatal asphyxia is a condition resulting from hypoxic-ischemic injury in utero or during birth and causing perinatal morbidity and mortality. Up until now, numerous models of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia were created and presented simulating brain damage patterns and motor deficits. Rice-Vannucci model is a leading representative of animal rodent models of hypoxic injury. It uses unilateral ligation of the common carotid artery in combination with exposure to hypoxic environment. Seven-day-old mouse pups underwent unilateral ligation of the common carotid artery in combination with exposure to 8 % oxygen hypoxic air (Rice-Vannucci model modification). Experimental groups with isolated carotid artery ligation or only exposure to hypoxia were created, too. To assess the spontaneous behavior changes of mice we used an automated system for the continuous tracking of small rodent behavior (LABORAS ™). On postnatal day 60, the spontaneous behavior of mice was analyzed in various behavioral domains. The observed areas for histological analysis were the cerebral cortex, CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus, hilus, and the dorsal and ventral blades of the dentate gyrus. Induced hypoxia and ischemia together generated substantial behavioral and morphological changes which led to significant differences in...
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Winter preparation for squash players
Cendelín, Jan ; Matošková, Petra (advisor) ; Süss, Vladimír (referee)
Title: Winter preparation for squash players Objectives: The main aim is to make a week-long traning plan for winter concentration for squash players. The next aim of this work is to find out if present instructors use supplemental sports as compensational exercise, and what is their opinion of an early specialization and a training matching ontogeny. Methods: In my thesis I used a method of data collection, concretely document analysis and a public inquiry. Inquiry questions are divided into three groups: close answers (answers YES/NO), select from concrete answers and open answers. In document analysis are used multi media, virtual dates and objective dates. Results: I found out that most of squash instructors organize sports concentrations. Most of respondents prefer summer preparation to winter preparation. Squash instructors use compensational exercise regularly, but do not use supplemental sports very often. Winter sports use just about third of respondents. Some instructors forbid some sports. Especially it concerns tennis and badminton (because of the different struck technique). I made training plan like a winter preparation for squash players, which includes down hill skiing and cross country skiing. It is focused on condition and progress coordination ability. Keywords: squash, skiing,...
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Modulation of central cholinergic neurotransmission
Valušková, Paulína ; Mysliveček, Jaromír (advisor) ; Cendelín, Jan (referee) ; Jakubík, Jan (referee)
Introduction: Central cholinergic system plays a key role in control of different brain functions such as learning, memory, attention, locomotion and rewards. Disrupted integrity, regulation or capacity of cholinergic signalling is closely connected with cognitive symptoms of several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, schizophrenia and increased distractibility. The major neurotransmitter of cholinergic neurons is acetylcholine (ACh) and regulation of ACh levels is main pharmacotherapeutic approach to the treatment of diseases associated with central cholinergic system. The aim of the thesis was to study the changes of central cholinergic neurotransmission with respect to various aspects of modulation of ACh levels in the brain by controlling its release through M4 muscarinic receptors (MR), its hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) or butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and after hydrolysis in the synapse, regulation of the uptake of metabolite choline by high affinity choline transporter (CHT). Methods: Here we used telemetry to measure locomotor activity and body temperature in mice with selective deletion of M4 MR (M4KO) and their wild type (M4WT) controls under the basal conditions...
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Cendelín, Jan ; Vožeh, František (advisor) ; Mareš, Jan (referee) ; Pokorný, Jaroslav (referee)
Lurcher mutant mice represent a model of olivocerebellar degeneration. They are heterozygots carrying a mutation in the glutamate receptor 52-subunit gene. The receptor malfunction causes excitotoxic apoptosis of Purkinje cells, extinction of which leads to secondary degeneration of cerebellar granule cells and inferior olive neurons. Lurcher mutants suffer from ataxia and deterioration of spatial learning and orientation ability. The aim of the work was to assess the effect of embryonic cerebellar tissue transplantation and enforced physical activity as well as the effect of their combination on spatial orientation ability in Lurcher mutant mice and to observe cerebellar graft survival in adult and young Lurcher and adult wild type mice. For the graft survival analysis adult wild type mice and young and adult Lurcher B6CBA mice were used. To study the effect of the transplantation and enforced activity on spatial orientation adult and young Lurchers of the same strain were used. The graft obtained from mouse embryos without the Lurcher mutation was applied into the cerebellar area of the host as solid pieces. Control mice were treated only with vehicle. Enforced activity was represented with repeated rotarod training. Spatial orientation was tested in the Morris maze 9 weeks after the surgery. Histological...
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Determination of critical developmental periods for effects of methamphetamine on rat behavior in adulthood
Hrebíčková, Ivana ; Šlamberová, Romana (advisor) ; Cendelín, Jan (referee) ; Valeš, Karel (referee)
Aim: The aim of the Ph.D. thesis was to find out which of the neuro-ontogenetic stages of laboratory rat is more significant for the methamphetamine (MA) exposure on the behavior in adulthood and to determine a critical developmental period for the effects of this drug. In the experimental part of the study was to test the influence of prenatal and neonatal MA exposure on behavior, social interaction, cognition and drug-seeking behavior in adulthood. Methods: Adult female rats were exposed to MA (5 mg/ml/kg) or saline (S) (1 mg/kg) during different stages of gestation and lactation. The tested substances were administered subcutaneously during the first half of gestation (ED 1-11), the second half of gestation (ED 12-22) or during early lactation (PD 1-11). The effect of prenatal MA exposure was transmitted to pups via placental barrier; the effect of MA exposure during early lactation was transmitted via the breast milk. In order to compare the rate of drug transmission by indirect MA exposure via the breast milk, we chose another group of offspring that we administered the tested substances directly subcutaneously during the same application period (PD 1-11). In this way we obtained 8 groups of exposed pups: ED 1-11 MA, S; ED 12-22 MA, S; PD 1-11 indirectly MA, S; PD 1-11 directly MA, S. These...
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Determination of critical developmental periods for effects of methamphetamine on rat behavior in adulthood
Hrebíčková, Ivana ; Šlamberová, Romana (advisor) ; Cendelín, Jan (referee) ; Valeš, Karel (referee)
Aim: The aim of the Ph.D. thesis was to find out which of the neuro-ontogenetic stages of laboratory rat is more significant for the methamphetamine (MA) exposure on the behavior in adulthood and to determine a critical developmental period for the effects of this drug. In the experimental part of the study was to test the influence of prenatal and neonatal MA exposure on behavior, social interaction, cognition and drug-seeking behavior in adulthood. Methods: Adult female rats were exposed to MA (5 mg/ml/kg) or saline (S) (1 mg/kg) during different stages of gestation and lactation. The tested substances were administered subcutaneously during the first half of gestation (ED 1-11), the second half of gestation (ED 12-22) or during early lactation (PD 1-11). The effect of prenatal MA exposure was transmitted to pups via placental barrier; the effect of MA exposure during early lactation was transmitted via the breast milk. In order to compare the rate of drug transmission by indirect MA exposure via the breast milk, we chose another group of offspring that we administered the tested substances directly subcutaneously during the same application period (PD 1-11). In this way we obtained 8 groups of exposed pups: ED 1-11 MA, S; ED 12-22 MA, S; PD 1-11 indirectly MA, S; PD 1-11 directly MA, S. These...
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Modulation of central cholinergic neurotransmission
Valušková, Paulína ; Mysliveček, Jaromír (advisor) ; Cendelín, Jan (referee) ; Jakubík, Jan (referee)
Introduction: Central cholinergic system plays a key role in control of different brain functions such as learning, memory, attention, locomotion and rewards. Disrupted integrity, regulation or capacity of cholinergic signalling is closely connected with cognitive symptoms of several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, schizophrenia and increased distractibility. The major neurotransmitter of cholinergic neurons is acetylcholine (ACh) and regulation of ACh levels is main pharmacotherapeutic approach to the treatment of diseases associated with central cholinergic system. The aim of the thesis was to study the changes of central cholinergic neurotransmission with respect to various aspects of modulation of ACh levels in the brain by controlling its release through M4 muscarinic receptors (MR), its hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) or butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and after hydrolysis in the synapse, regulation of the uptake of metabolite choline by high affinity choline transporter (CHT). Methods: Here we used telemetry to measure locomotor activity and body temperature in mice with selective deletion of M4 MR (M4KO) and their wild type (M4WT) controls under the basal conditions...
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Interactive whiteboard in mathematics education
Cendelín, Jan ; Slavík, Antonín (advisor) ; Robová, Jarmila (referee)
Title: Interactive whiteboard in mathematics education Author: Bc. Jan Cendelín Department:Department of Mathematics Education Supervisor: RNDr. Antonín Slavík, Ph.D., Department of Mathematics Education Abstract: The development of modern technology is very fast. Almost everyone uses the technology at work and at home as well. So it is not unexpected that the technology gets into education at schools. This thesis focuses on the education of modern mathematics, and especially on the use of the interactive whiteboard. The thesis is not only for teachers who can work with an interactive whiteboard, but also for teachers without the access to this technology who can enrich information about Web sites that can be used in their preparation, or projected on an overhead projector during class. Keywords:Interactive whiteboard, teaching materials, website, modern teaching
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