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Settlement structure of the Early Bronze Age in the northeast part of central Bohemia - the case study of fortified settlement in Brandýs nad Labem-Vrábí
Langová, Michaela ; Ernée, Michal (advisor) ; Bátora, Jozef (referee) ; Chvojka, Ondřej (referee)
Between 2007 and 2016, there was a rescue archeological research done by the Institute of Archaeology of the CAS in the locality of Brandýs nad Labem-Vrábí at the site "U Vodojemu", where, above other, a large settlement from the Early Bronze Age was uncovered. Based on the ceramics, it is possible to classify it chronologically as the early period of the Únětice culture, typologically then, it is possible to associate the ceramics found with the post-classical phase of the Únětice culture. The discovery of the U-shaped ditch adjacent to the ground edge of the Hrušovský stream indicates that the settlement was fortified for a certain time, approximately at the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC. Based on the nature of the ditch filling, of the ceramic findings with analogies in the beginning of the tumulus culture, as well as of the carbon dating, it is obvious that the settlement served further on after the downfall of this fortification, too, and thus for another 100 years at least. In the context of another very numerous, contemporaneous findings in the cadaster of Brandýs nad Labem, it is visible that the site "U Vodojemu" used to be a part of a large settlement agglomeration. A detailed mapping of the Early Bronze Age findings from the district of the north-east part of Central Bohemia has...
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Copper in Eneolithic Bohemia
Dobeš, Miroslav ; Jiráň, Luboš (advisor) ; Bátora, Jozef (referee) ; Stuchlík, Stanislav (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filozofická fakulta Ústav pro pravěk a ranou dobu dějinnou Miroslav Dobeš Měď v eneolitických Čechách Copper in Eneolithic Bohemia Disertační práce Abstract vedoucí práce - Doc. PhDr. Luboš Jiráň, CSc. 2012 Abstract Miroslav Dobeš: Copper in Eneolithic Bohemia. Copper artifacts are an important source of understanding for European prehistory, not only in terms of the development of new technologies, but also importantly as a means of social communication. The gradual perception of the copper objects from their initial importing to simple cold forging to pyrotechnological processes and culminating in the Early Bronze Age tin bronze alloys, can be observed already in the Near East at the end of the 9th Millenium B.C., in other words the Aceramic Neolithic (Çayönü Tepesi). Within Europe, there has been a rapid initial development of metalurgy in the Balkans, aproximatelly in the middle of the 5th Millenium B.C., in Central Europe this innovation has arrived sometime around 4000 B.C., or shortly afterwards. The present work is the first thorough analysis of the Czech Eneolithic copper industry, which is based largely on original documentation of findings and attempts to complete the synthesis of sources. From a chronological point of view, this work covers the entire period of the...
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Symbolism of graves with weapons at the end of the Aeneolithic and at the beginning of the Early Bronze Age in the territory of Bohemia
Petriščáková, Katarína ; Popelka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Bátora, Jozef (referee) ; Chvojka, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of this study is to describe the changes at the end of the Aeneolithic period and at the beginning of the Bronze Age, on the basis of the analysis of graves with weapons and the possibilities (limits) of identifying the warrior graves in Bohemia. The end of the Aeneolithic is characterized by two cultural complexes, the Corded Ware Culture and the Bell Beaker Culture, on which the Early Bronze civilization evolved, characterized by the Únětice Culture in our context. It is in this transitional period, that graves with specific goods appear increasingly, and we can finally call these as true weapons. Weapons are associated with warfare attributes that, according to the latest theories, played an active role in prehistoric society. The identification of the warfare in archaeological sources is, however, often not without problems. Several types of evidence can be consulted: graves of warriors with specialized weapons, typical fortifications (ramparts), remains of battlefields, iconographic and written sources. In our conditions, the focus is on graves with weapons, due to the lack of other mentioned entities. Keywords: Late Aeneolithic, Early Bronze Age, graves, weapons, tools, symbols
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Three chapters from the late aeneolithic and the early bronze age transition in the Central Europe
Limburský, Petr ; Jiráň, Luboš (advisor) ; Bátora, Jozef (referee) ; Ernée, Michal (referee)
AnotaceEN Petr Limburský: Tři kapitoly z problematiky konce eneolitu a počátku starší doby bronzové ve střední Evropě. / Three chapters from the Late Aeneolithic and the EarlyBronze Age Transition in the Central Europe/ Encompassing the inconsistence of period of the Late Aenelithic and beginnings of the Early Bronze Age that has been widely discussed in its entirety in the literature is limited on one side by the detailed analyses of archaeological materia! at the levels of regions or find collections, and by the existence of supra-regiona! models and interpretative schemes on the other. By using detailed insights into the above-mentioned issues, the submitted thesis can draw its attention mainly to the topics of chronology based on Radiocarbon dating, testimony of change of the grave equipment in the observed period of time, and properties of burial inventories. Moreover, results of field excavations conducted by the author of so-far the most extensive cemetery of the Bell- Beaker culture in Bohemia at Vlíněves, Mělník district, have been a!so introduced and utilized in this thesis. Three distinct milestones can be highlighted in development of the Radiocarbon dating method. Without questions, the fust one is represented by the enforcement of credibility, applicability, and relative universality of this...
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Symbolism of graves with weapons at the end of the Aeneolithic and at the beginning of the Early Bronze Age in the territory of Bohemia
Petriščáková, Katarína ; Popelka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Bátora, Jozef (referee) ; Chvojka, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of this study is to describe the changes at the end of the Aeneolithic period and at the beginning of the Bronze Age, on the basis of the analysis of graves with weapons and the possibilities (limits) of identifying the warrior graves in Bohemia. The end of the Aeneolithic is characterized by two cultural complexes, the Corded Ware Culture and the Bell Beaker Culture, on which the Early Bronze civilization evolved, characterized by the Únětice Culture in our context. It is in this transitional period, that graves with specific goods appear increasingly, and we can finally call these as true weapons. Weapons are associated with warfare attributes that, according to the latest theories, played an active role in prehistoric society. The identification of the warfare in archaeological sources is, however, often not without problems. Several types of evidence can be consulted: graves of warriors with specialized weapons, typical fortifications (ramparts), remains of battlefields, iconographic and written sources. In our conditions, the focus is on graves with weapons, due to the lack of other mentioned entities. Keywords: Late Aeneolithic, Early Bronze Age, graves, weapons, tools, symbols
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Settlement structure of the Early Bronze Age in the northeast part of central Bohemia - the case study of fortified settlement in Brandýs nad Labem-Vrábí
Langová, Michaela ; Ernée, Michal (advisor) ; Bátora, Jozef (referee) ; Chvojka, Ondřej (referee)
Between 2007 and 2016, there was a rescue archeological research done by the Institute of Archaeology of the CAS in the locality of Brandýs nad Labem-Vrábí at the site "U Vodojemu", where, above other, a large settlement from the Early Bronze Age was uncovered. Based on the ceramics, it is possible to classify it chronologically as the early period of the Únětice culture, typologically then, it is possible to associate the ceramics found with the post-classical phase of the Únětice culture. The discovery of the U-shaped ditch adjacent to the ground edge of the Hrušovský stream indicates that the settlement was fortified for a certain time, approximately at the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC. Based on the nature of the ditch filling, of the ceramic findings with analogies in the beginning of the tumulus culture, as well as of the carbon dating, it is obvious that the settlement served further on after the downfall of this fortification, too, and thus for another 100 years at least. In the context of another very numerous, contemporaneous findings in the cadaster of Brandýs nad Labem, it is visible that the site "U Vodojemu" used to be a part of a large settlement agglomeration. A detailed mapping of the Early Bronze Age findings from the district of the north-east part of Central Bohemia has...
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Amber in Bohemia in the Bronze Age
Tisucká, Marika ; Jiráň, Luboš (advisor) ; Bátora, Jozef (referee) ; Chvojka, Ondřej (referee)
Amber in Bohemia in the Bronze Age - Abstract Amber found in archeaological contexts like any sensitive instrument can show the total span of meanings of different historic, economic, cultural, cult, and social traditions and systems of values in the prehistoric Europe. The work synthetically analyzes and evaluates the presence of amber finds in Bohemia during the Bronze Age. Attention is devoted relations to sites and amber artefacts demonstrating the probable course of "amber route". On the path leading from the Baltic coast to the Balkans and Italy and further into the eastern Mediterranean seen as a string, or rather a network of relations, most malleable and flexible, distributed among communities, which is also subject while reflecting internal and external influences, changes and developments. It reflects new amber artefacts and new results of IR spectroscopy. Its results shows, that amber did not came to Bohemia only from the north - from Baltic region; its results proved also rumanit amber. Work is a comprehensive evaluation and interpretation of participation Bohemia in the distribution network of leading amber in the wider European area. Study of the amber and its distribution gives evidence, that there existed vivid exchange, based on variety of connections with distant region sof northern...
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Three chapters from the late aeneolithic and the early bronze age transition in the Central Europe
Limburský, Petr ; Jiráň, Luboš (advisor) ; Bátora, Jozef (referee) ; Ernée, Michal (referee)
AnotaceEN Petr Limburský: Tři kapitoly z problematiky konce eneolitu a počátku starší doby bronzové ve střední Evropě. / Three chapters from the Late Aeneolithic and the EarlyBronze Age Transition in the Central Europe/ Encompassing the inconsistence of period of the Late Aenelithic and beginnings of the Early Bronze Age that has been widely discussed in its entirety in the literature is limited on one side by the detailed analyses of archaeological materia! at the levels of regions or find collections, and by the existence of supra-regiona! models and interpretative schemes on the other. By using detailed insights into the above-mentioned issues, the submitted thesis can draw its attention mainly to the topics of chronology based on Radiocarbon dating, testimony of change of the grave equipment in the observed period of time, and properties of burial inventories. Moreover, results of field excavations conducted by the author of so-far the most extensive cemetery of the Bell- Beaker culture in Bohemia at Vlíněves, Mělník district, have been a!so introduced and utilized in this thesis. Three distinct milestones can be highlighted in development of the Radiocarbon dating method. Without questions, the fust one is represented by the enforcement of credibility, applicability, and relative universality of this...
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