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Life, Society and Politics in Relation to Religion at Ugarit in the Late Bronze Age
Válek, František ; Antalík, Dalibor (advisor) ; Miglio, Adam E. (referee) ; Vita, Juan Pablo (referee)
The presented dissertation attempts to cover some aspects of the extensive topic of religion at Ugarit, an ancient site on the Syrian Mediterranean coast at the very end of the Late Bronze Age (late 14th to early 12th century BC). Religion is explored here in relation to everyday, social, and political life. It is based on theassumption thatreligion isnotmerelya matterof theologicalconceptsand mythological narratives but is, first and foremost, a way of living in the world. Religion does not exist as a distinctly separate sphere of life but runs through the whole spectrum of human existence in different forms and with varying intensity. The present work discusses this broadly defined topic from several very different perspectives. After the first introductory chapter comes the second part, in which religion is set in the broader context of the surrounding world. The surrounding landscape, mountains, rivers, seas, forests, skies, mineral resources, etc., have a considerable, though not straightforward, influence on lived religion. Social and historical contexts are also considered as essential factors. In the third chapter, the thesis focuses on one of the central concepts of religious life in Ugarit: divinity. Here, the ways in which divinity manifests itself in the availablesources are explored....
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Perun in the Perspective of Comparative Method in Religious Studies
Zetková, Karolína ; Kozák, Jan (advisor) ; Antalík, Dalibor (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the comparative methods of prominent scholars Friedrich Max Müller, Georges Dumézil and Mircea Eliade and the application of their theories to the Slavic god Perun. The thesis describes and analyzes the theories of these scholars and examines how they relate to Perun as interpreted in Slavic religion. As a result, the thesis compares and evaluates the methods of each scholar in order to show how these methods can contribute to a better understanding of the Slavic god Perun despite the lack of sources.
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Czech Christmas versus contemporary Orthodox and Muslim traditions
Ivančenková, Alžběta ; Chlup, Radek (advisor) ; Antalík, Dalibor (referee)
This work compares three different concepts of Christmas celebrations in the Czech Republic in order to achieve a deeper understanding of the phenomenon of modern Czech Christmas. It juxtaposes the Christmas of Orthodox Christians, the Christmas of Muslims, and the classic Czech Christmas, which are described based on literature and practical research. The result is a short historical analysis of Christmas celebrations and a description of current Christmas traditions for each compared group, supplemented with quotes from research respondents.
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Problems of use of the term "syncretism" in the context of Manichaean religion
Lednický, Matyáš ; Chlup, Radek (advisor) ; Antalík, Dalibor (referee)
Problems of Use of the Term "Syncretism" in the Context of Manichaean Religion The aim of this paper is first to summarize the issue of the use of the term syncretism, the validity of which has long been debated in religious studies. It will then briefly introduce Manichaean religion, taking into account in particular its origins, elements that have long been identified as alien, and contacts with other religious traditions. Finally, it will attempt to transfer the insights from the general section to the context of Manichaeism, thus contributing to the ongoing debate that challenges the tradition of labeling this religion as syncretic.
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Biblical Judge Samson as a Trickster Figure
Churaňová, Barbora ; Pehal, Martin (advisor) ; Antalík, Dalibor (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the figure of the biblical judge Samson. Based on the oppositions in the story, it presents various categories through which this character can be viewed. The main emphasis is on Samson's liminality and his movement within these oppositions. The author offers an overarching category that unites the established oppositions and speaks of Samson as a Trickster figure. At the end of the thesis, she presents his inclusion in the Book of Judges and discusses the function Samson could have performed for Israel during the Philistine rule. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Voces Magicae in Earlier Mesopotamian Incantation Tradition: Poetics, Function and Sitz im Leben
Mokrý, Matouš ; Antalík, Dalibor (advisor) ; Wagensonner, Klaus (referee)
Voces Magicae in Earlier Mesopotamian Incantation Tradition: Poetics, Function and Sitz im Leben Bc. Matouš Mokrý Abstract The presented master's thesis aims at exploring linguistic opacity in early Mesopotamian magical tradition (from Early Dynastic period up to Old Babylonian times) via studying individual lexical and grammatical unintelligible passages embedded in otherwise understandable Sumerian and Akkadian incantations (these passages are then termed voces magicae). In the framework of cognitive semiotics, the employment of voces magicae at the beginning of the incantation rite can be understood as helping to establish the ritual as separate (communication) event shunned from everyday expectations and conceptions, where conceptions of magical power in words and acts with no intuitive causal and instrumental connection to the purported effect could arise, whereas unintelligible passages in parts of the spells intended to achieve the purported effect can facilitate mental representations of force and dynamics behind the words (needed for mental representations of instrumentality of the incantation rite to arise) via highlighting their formal (aural) characteristics which are foregrounded due to the absence of any linguistic symbolic meaning. Furthermore, the opaque numerous (usually septenary)...
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March of the Celts. Discoursive and social practice of "celtomania" in Czech Republic in the 1990s
Vališ, Daniel ; Storchová, Lucie (advisor) ; Antalík, Dalibor (referee)
In my thesis I'm dealing with the phenomenon of "celtomania" in the Czech Republic in the ninetees. The main object of this study are discoursive, performative and other social practices that used and contributed to the image of the Celts. In the post-socialist transformation process of the czech society the commemoration of the Celts helped individuals to draw a line between the present and the past and articulate a vision of desired future. This symbolic manipulation supported the image of the Celts as the essence of good. The thesis closes with a brief account about the possibility that the access to the "celtic" symbolic capital is a key factor for understanding the smooth reception of the phenomenon in the czech socio-cultural sphere and also it's relatively sudden decline.
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Shinra's conception of shin-jin as a way to buddhahood
Vrba, Petr ; Holba, Jiří (advisor) ; Antalík, Dalibor (referee)
V této práci se pokusím o jasné a obhajitelné zařazení Šimanovy reformulace učení Čisté země do kontextu mahájánového buddhismu a o vymezení klíčového pojmu v Šimanově soteriologické vizi. Tímto termínem je šindžin, podle mého názoru překládaný nesprávně jako víra. Ukážu, že Šimanův důraz na chápání šindžin jako samotného probuzení a na slitovnou moc buddhy Amidy (sa. Amitábha) může být chápán jako "revoluční" krok, který došel svého naplnění až o mnoho století později, ale že je zároveň nutné vidět v něm proces, v kterém se celkem přirozeným způsobem odráží vývoj převládajících mahájánových proudů i společensko-ekonomická situace dobového Japonska. V neposlední řadě bych rád "očistil" Šimanovo jméno od poměrně častého dezinterpretování běžného nejen v domácí produkci. Jak píše Amstutz: "Buddhismus Džódo šinšú - nejrozšířenější z tradičních japonských buddhistických institucí - bývá dodnes chápán zkresleně. Převládajícím dojmem z šín-buddhismu je, že je to buddhismus pro ty, kdo nejsou dostatečně ukáznění, aby participovali na ,skutečném', tj. odříkavém (nebo alespoň meditativním) způsobu pěstování buddhistické praxe, jímž se vyznačuje ,normativní buddhismus'." 1 Myslím, že nepochopení klíčového konceptu šindžin a jeho neopodstatněné deformování evropskými pojmy nám zabraňuje porozumět Šimanovu poselství v...
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Arabic triad: al-Lāt, Manāt,'Uzzā and its Reflection in Islam
Elkarne, Zdislava ; Antalík, Dalibor (advisor) ; Lyčka, Milan (referee)
The presented paper deals with al-Lāt, Manāt a ˁUzzā, the three goddesses of the ancient south-western Semitic tribes inhabiting the Arabian peninsula and some territories of today's Jordan, Iraq and Syria. In the first part it goes out from the Qur'anic verses regarding the goddesses and it pursues the further Islamic reaction. It analyses the Islamic works of different literary genres ant it attempts to show the dynamics of the changing general view of the goddesses, and the Pre-Islamic period either. In the second part it deals with the pre- Islamic sources particularly the epigraphic ones and the historical treatises of the Hellenistic and Early-Islamic authors aiming to characterise the nature of the goddesses as much precise as possible. It presents the etymological interpretation of goddesses' names, it reconstructs their possible qualification and characterizes their cult. The paper draws a conclusion about the importance of the goddesses which is shown on the extension of their cult, the Qur'anic mention and the presence in the Islamic literature. Key words: Al-Lāt, Manāt, ˁUzzā, ancient Arabia, satanic verses
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Female rituals in ancient Greece from the viewpoint of modern interpretations
Hajdáková, Iveta ; Chlup, Radek (advisor) ; Antalík, Dalibor (referee)
This thesis looks at two women's rituals practiced in Ancient Greece - the Thesmophoria and the Adonia - and their interpretations by Marcel Detienne, Hendrik S. Versnel, John J. Winkler and Barbara E. Goff. The aim of the thesis is to analyze their four methods of interpretation of the rituals and illuminate how they fit within the context of contemporary debates between structuralism and post-structuralism, and ideology and agency. The paper illustrates how the various methods of interpretation - if approached critically - may be found valuable for the analysis of ideology and suggests new approaches to studies of Greek women's rituals and of the process, in which gender ideology is produced in the rituals. The interpretations should also offer an insight into the manner in which the rituals addressed Greek women on the issues of their fertility, sexuality, and their position within the patriarchal society. The thesis is divided into two parts: the first part deals with particular interpretations of the four scholars; the second one attempts to analyze their methodological approaches focusing on their assumptions and conclusions.
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