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From Jabhat al-Nusra to Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham: description of the organization's development since 2012 to the present
Pojarová, Rachel ; Ťupek, Pavel (advisor) ; Koláček, Jakub (referee)
The bachelor's thesis describes the development of Jabhat al-Nusra from its beginnings in the year 2012 to the present (operating under the name Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham) in the context of the war in Syria. One of the author's goals is to analyze the development of the organization's name: from Jabhat al-Nusra to Jabhat Fatah al-Sham and later Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham. This will reflect other changes within the organization, such as its structure, ideology, goals, and agenda. The thesis also deeper examines the evolution of the relationship between Jabhat al-Nusra and al-Qaeda. Key words: Jabhat al-Nusra, Jabhat Fatah al-Sham, Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham, Syrian Civil War
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The Media Propaganda of Lashkar-e-Taiba
Kepka, Jiří ; Ťupek, Pavel (advisor) ; Novák, Ľubomír (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to map the media speeches of the Pakistani salafist organization Jama'at ud - Da'wa, especially its military wing Lashkar - e Tayyiba. The work is focused on the analysis of religious and jihadist publications available on the Internet in pdf format, which are available mainly in Urdu. The work is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the historical background and structure of both Jama'at ad - Da'wa and its military wing Lashkar - e Tajjiba. The second part contains the translations and analyzes of the relevant texts. Keywords Pakistan; Ahl - e Hadith; Lashkar - e Tayyiba; Jama'at ad - Da'wa; Islam; media
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The Developments of the Rentier State Model in Saudi Arabia
Tomaštík, Karel ; Gombár, Eduard (advisor) ; Ťupek, Pavel (referee)
Saudi Arabia, along with other Gulf oil monarchies, represents an original politico- economic system. Huge revenues in the form of oil rent, flowing to the Treasury since the oil boom in the early 70's, have fundamentally changed the socio-economic structure, which was in literature termed the rentier state. The origin, development and description of typical characteristics of rentier state are the main topic of this thesis. The first section discusses the theoretical foundations and approaches to the issue. The second chapter provides a historical background in order to position the study in the context of previous political, economic and ideological development. In an analysis of the formation of state structures, the work deals with the relationships between members of the ruling house of Saud, between the government and social elites, with functioning of clientelist structures and interactions within the bureaucratic apparatus. Based on the study of these relationships the thesis marks out particularities of the Saudi politico-economic system that distinguish it from the classical concept of rentier state model. The main distinctive feature is the diminished autonomous ability of state to regulate the functioning of state institutions and to encourage individual agencies to cooperate actively...
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The Formation of Arab National Thought in Levant
Nakhlé, Barhum ; Ťupek, Pavel (advisor) ; Kučera, Petr (referee)
The Arab world today is shaped by many ideologies that constitute the dynamic movements and change in it. They vary from violent to non-violent, religious to secular, Islamic to nationalist and fundamentalist to modernist. All of them, despite their diversity are characterised by some relation to tradition and modernity. The aim of the work is to analyse the emergence of the most significant schools of thought of the nineteenth and early twentieth century that had serious impact on the later ideological evolution, the formation of states and national identities in the region.The work covers mainly the issues of the attitude of the Islamic world towards modernity, Islamic modernism and fundamentalism, Ottomanism, Arabism and Arab nationalism. The interpretations are situated in the context of the cultural shock of the clash with western civilization, the decline of the Ottoman Empire and struggle against colonialism.The work examines these ideologies, and the major thinkers that represent them such as Rifa'aBadawi Rafi' al-Tahtawi, Jamal al-Din al-Afghani, Muhammad 'Abduh, Rashid Rida, Butrus al-Bustani, ShibliShumayyil, Farah Antun, and Abd al-Rahman Al-Kawakibi.The research is based mainly on the secondary Western and Arabic literature but also on the original works of the thinkers of this era....
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A comparison of constitutions of Islamic Republic of Iran and Republic of Iraq
Sladkovský, Daniel ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor) ; Ťupek, Pavel (referee)
(in English): This bachelor thesis deals with comparison of valid and effective constitutions of Islamic Republic of Iran and the Republic of Iraq. This work decribes political-constitutional development of both countries since their emergence as modern states. The main issue is description of basic constitutional institutes in both constitutions and subsequently comparison of differences and similarities. The conclusion contains a summary of the reflection over functionality of both documents in the political life of their countries.
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Abdolkarim Soroush in the Context of Contemporary Iranian Thought
Koláček, Jakub ; Ťupek, Pavel (advisor) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee)
The essay deals with the work of contemporary Iranian Shia philosopher Abdolkarim Soroush and consists of two chapters. The first chaper analyzes the Iranian intellectual tradition in the second half of the 20th century with special concern for the newly established connection between Islam and the political in the new religious ideologies. This process is ilustrated by brief analysis of Jalal Al-e Ahmad's, 'Ali Shari'ati's and Ruhollah Khomeini's thought. The second chapter covers analysis of Sorush's thought, which partly responds to theese ideologies. In this part, the analysis focuses on Sorush's theory of expansion and contraction of religious knowledge and his conception of religious democratic government.
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Hamas foreign relations
Singer, Prokop ; Ťupek, Pavel (advisor) ; Koláček, Jakub (referee)
(in English): This bachelor thesis deals with palestinian organization Hamas and analyzes its international relations. The work first characterizes this organization including its history, ideology, strategy and political goals, then it focuses on its international relations with European Union, Iran and Qatar
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Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt in between violence and moderation
Jurčová, Lívia ; Jermanová, Tereza (advisor) ; Ťupek, Pavel (referee)
The Muslim Brotherhood has gone through a lot of changes since 1928 when it was founded by Ḥasan al-Banna. The Brothers moved away from being a social-religious movement dealing with moral values and teachings about Islam to violent activism and even terrorism, and subsequently they officially abandoned violence. Following the Arab Spring protests in 2011, the political stream of the Brotherhood got into the government, and one of their members even became the first democratically elected president. On its journey to success, the Brotherhood had to cope with periods of repression and illegality, and I will focus on one such period, namely the reign of President Mubarak from 1981 to 2011. During his reign, an anti-terrorism law was adopted including a controversial definition of terrorism based on which, that time non-violent Muslim Brothers, but also other subjects criticizing the regime, were being accused of terrorism. The relationship between the Muslim Brotherhood and the Egyptian regime during this period as well as the definition of terrorism of 1992 are my main focus in this thesis. Key words: Muslim Brotherhood, Egypt, terrorism, definition, Mubarak
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Maliki elites in Damascus in the 14th and 15th century
Švandová, Karolína ; Ženka, Josef (advisor) ; Ťupek, Pavel (referee)
The thesis deals with the maliki learned elites in Damascus in the second half of the 14th century and the first half of the 15th century. It examines selected contemporary Arabic written sources, such as historical chronicles and biographic dictionaries by chosen mamluk authors. Based on the data extracted it aims to reconstruct the lived reality of the maliki elites and their depiction in the selected sources. An analysis of the personnel structure of the maliki community is presented, together with the study of the representatives' scholarly and vocational activities and the role of the community as a whole in the specific social dynamics of Damascus in the examined period of time.
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