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After Tito - Tito! The Transition from Charismatic Leadership to Collective Leadership in Socialist Yugoslavia
Mosković, Boris ; Pelikán, Jan (advisor) ; Štěpánek, Václav (referee) ; Mervart, Jan (referee)
The thesis focuses on the transition process from charismatic leadership to a system of collective leadership in socialist Yugoslavia at the turn of the 70s and 80s. This was related to the death of Josip Broz Tito in May 1980, the undisputed and, so far, the only leader of the Yugoslav socialist regime. Therefore, the dissertation focuses on the circumstances in which the power elite members were preparing for this moment, representing a fundamental milestone in Yugoslav history. The researched topic is approached through a so-called actor's perspective, which is also the basis of the interpretation itself. This conception allowed me to follow in detail the specific (mainly political-institutional) preparations for the impending departure of J. B. Tito. Moreover, it enabled us to capture how Tito and his colleagues (who later became his successors) perceived the whole range of problems and challenges within their contemporary context without being distorted by later events. We were interested in what attitudes, preferences and forecasts they expressed and how this reflected their mental world as representatives of the Yugoslav model of socialism. As the interpretation focuses on the crucial period of 1977-1982, we analysed the negotiations, argumentation and communication strategy of the Yugoslav...
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Construction and characterization of recombinant systems for stress response analysis in pollutant-degrading rhodococci
Křenková, Lucie ; Štěpánek, Václav (advisor) ; Marešová, Helena (referee)
Genus Rhodococcus is represented by Gram-positive, mycolate-containing non- sporulating actinobacteria that excel in their ability to withstand effects of various physical and chemical stressors. Their enormous metabolic capacity allows them to efficiently degrade a wide range of toxic compounds. To benefit from these capabilities, it is essential to know the molecular basis of their response to the stresses, the regulation of which is primarily controlled by σ factors of RNA polymerase. These σ factors are still poorly described in rhodococci. This thesis aims to explore the potential of Rhodococcus erythropolis CCM2595 as a model organism for studying stress responses in rhodococci. R. erythropolis ΔsigH mutant and single-plasmid strains have been constructed which allow studying promoter activities of genes responding to osmotic, heat, and oxidative stress by measurement of GFP fluorescence intensity, in the cells of R. erythropolis. Further, homologous two- plasmid strains, which support induced overproduction of s factors, were also constructed. Comparison with analogous Corynebacterium glutamicum host-based systems showed that the use of rhodococci themselves as hosts for plasmid systems is still very limited, probably due to the plasmid instability in rhodococcal cells. Thus, for routine...
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The use of DTS systems for temperature logging in deep boreholes
Štěpánek, Václav ; Dědeček, Petr (advisor) ; Vlček, Josef (referee)
Title: The use of DTS systems for temperature logging in deep boreholes. Author: Václav Štěpánek Department: Institute of Hydrogeology, Engineering Geology and Applied Geophysics Supervisor: Mgr. Petr Dědeček, Ph.D., GFÚ AV ČR Abstract: The signifcance of deep geothermal energy is progressively growing, similar to the extraction of unconventional oil and gas reserves, which involves the drilling of deviated wells in regions with elevated temperatures. Temperature measurements play a fundamental role in exploration, drilling, and subsequent monitoring, with equipment evolving due to technological advancements, particu- larly in temperature measurement capabilities. The aim of this thesis is to focus on a Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) system that utilizes fber optic technology for temperature logging. Specifcally, these fber optic sensors enable continuous profle measurements in real time, which is well-suited for capturing dynamic changes in the temperature feld. Simultaneously, fber optic cables demon- strate durability and reliability, making them suitable for permanent installations in high-temperature, high-pressure, and highly corrosive environments. The resul- ting variability in deployment enables adaptation within the measurement context. In deep borehole measurements, the DTS can be...
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Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillations in the Hyper-Kamiokande Experiment
Štěpánek, Václav ; Roskovec, Bedřich (advisor) ; Dohnal, Tadeáš (referee)
This thesis focuses on the neutrino physics. The main theme of the thesis was the next generation water Cherenkov experiment Hyper-Kamiokande, which will play key role in the $\delta_{CP}$ measurement through the accelerator neutrinos. However, the atmospheric neutrinos can significantly boost its sensitivity. In this thesis, we have develop a simplified model for atmospheric neutrino flux prediction and estimated the number of events the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment will detect. We have compared this result with the measurement of ts predecessor Super-Kamiokande.
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Between Belgrade and sovereignty. Kosovo in 1988-1990.
Ceropita, Mihail ; Pelikán, Jan (advisor) ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (referee) ; Štěpánek, Václav (referee)
The presented dissertation examines socio-political changes in the autonomous region of Kosovo during the development of the political crisis that engulfed the Yugoslav federation in the second half of the 1980s. In the context of creating prerequisites for a new round of the Kosovo crisis in the second half of the 1990s, the political, social and partially economic aspects of the situation in Kosovo during this period are considered. Looking back, we can say with confidence that a significant number of political processes associated with the emergence of the current partially recognized state of Kosovo took place at the turn of the 1980s and 1990s, when in the autonomous province political elites, which were de facto independent in attitude towards the Serbian and Yugoslav leadership, were formed. The interpretation is divided into several chronologically separate parts that describe the changes in the political situation of Kosovo and its relations with the Serbian and Yugoslav leadership. When analyzing the topic, the work draws mainly from secondary literature, contemporary press, memoirs, contemporary publications and documents of a political and social nature. Keywords Serbs; Albanians; Kosovo; Jugoslavia; national movement; Serbia.
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Function of sigma factors in strains of genus Rhodococcus
Nový, David ; Štěpánek, Václav (advisor) ; Sudzinová, Petra (referee)
Thanks to their large genome sizes, rhodococci share considerable biotechnological potential, however, there is still little known about the regulation of gene expression during the initiation of transcription process. The knowledge of this process might help to optimize biotechnological application. A large number of sigma factors are involved in the transcriptional regulation of rhodococci and this number often positively correlates with their genome sizes. Sigma factors can be potentially divided into two groups: the first, conserved factors that may in some variants occur in many different species among bacteria, and the second, specific sigma factors, that have been evolutionarily selected in individual strains due to environmental and lifestyle conditions. All sigma factors present in rhodococci belong to the σ70 family and can also be divided into four groups according to the presence of conserved structural domains (groups 1 to 4). A special type of sigma factors with extracytoplasmic function (ECF, group 4) are factors carrying specific domains at their C-terminus, namely NTF- 2-like or TPR, whose functions are still not fully understood. Very little information about the physiological functions of individual sigma factors in rhodococci has been published but it can be supplemented by...
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Responses of Rhodococcus strains to heavy metal stress
Volf, Jan ; Štěpánek, Václav (advisor) ; Martínková, Ludmila (referee)
Increasing heavy metal pollution can be dealt with not only through physical and chemical decontamination processes but also utilizing microbial bioremediation, a much more environmentally friendly way. Members of genus Rhodococcus are suitable candidates for effective bioremediations of heavy metals due to their considerable adaptability and extreme resistance to different stress conditions, including those related to presence of heavy metals or their toxic compounds. Individual rhodococcal strains are more resistant to heavy metals than most of other microorganisms and they are capable of biotransformating them to less toxic forms or at least of accumulating effectively or adsorbing them on produced polysaccharides and specific surface active substances. Their bioremediation potential is very high even though, so far, only molecular mechanisms of rhodococcal resistances to toxic arsenic compounds have been studied more in detail.
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Specifická listová plocha smrku rostoucího v různých nadmořských výškách
Štěpánek, Václav
The specific leaf area (SLA) is one of the important parameters characterizing the amount of assimilation apparatus of all plants (i.e. woody species). It is defined as the ratio between the area of the assimilation apparatus in the fresh state and the dry weight of the assimilation apparatus. Evaluation of SLA of young spruce stands (30-40 years old) growing at different altitudes (400, 600 and 800 m a.s.l.) at edaphic sites characterized as S (fresh) was the aim of the bachelor thesis. The average SLA value determined for young spruce stands was 39.1cm2/g. The lowest average value was found at the location at the highest altitude. A presumption of the significant influence of available sunlight on SLA values has been confirmed. The SLA values of young spruce stands were highest in all localities at the bottom of the living tree crown and the lowest in the upper part of the living crown of the tree.Formula clause:Prohlašuji, že jsem bakalářskou práci na téma “Specifická listová plocha smrku rostoucího v různých nadmořských výškách” zpracoval sám a uvedl jsem všechny použité prameny. Souhlasím, aby moje bakalářská práce byla zveřejněna v souladu s § 47b Zákona č. 111/1998 Sb., o vysokých školách a uložena v knihovně Mendelovy univerzity v Brně, zpřístupněna ke studijním účelům ve shodě s Vyhláškou rektora MZLU Brno o archivaci elektronické podoby závěrečných prací. Autor kvalifikační práce se dále zavazuje, že před sepsáním licenční smlouvy o využití autorských práv díla s jinou osobou (subjektem) si vyžádá písemné stanovisko univerzity o tom, že předmětná licenční smlouva není v rozporu s oprávněnými zájmy univerzity a zavazuje se uhradit případný příspěvek na úhradu nákladů spojených se vznikem díla dle řádné kalkulace
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Hybrid sigma factors of RNA polymerase in Corynebacterium glutamicum
Blumenstein, Jan ; Štěpánek, Václav (advisor) ; Krásný, Libor (referee)
Corynebacterium glutamicum is a Gram-positive non-sporulating soil bacterium which is used in biotechnology as a producer of amino acids, nucleotides, biofuels and alcohols. The aim of this thesis was to create a hybrid σ factor of RNA polymerase which would be able to recognize a matching hybrid promoter without effect on expression of the host genes. Based on the σD and σH amino acid sequence, two types of hybrid factors, σDH and σHD , were designed by the sequence combination of sigD and sigH. As an alternative approach, based on the in silico homology modeling, mutations of wild-type σH in the region recognizing the -35 promoter element of the σH -dependent promoter were introduced. Hybrid promoters were constructed by combining the -35 and -10 promoter regions that were derived from the σD - and σH - dependent promoters. Promoter activity was determined by using gfpuv reporter gene under the control of hybrid promoter. The expression of gfpuv in strains with hybrid sigma factors σDH / σHD and hybrid promoters was rather low compared to strains that carried wild-type σ factor and the respective promoter. The aim of the thesis was achieved by using one of the mutant σH factor (σmutH_6A ) with alterations in the region recognizing the -35 element of the σH -dependent promoter. This mutant σ...
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Czechoslovak-Yugoslav relations in 1939-1941: From the dissolution of Czechoslovakia to the occupation of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Sovilj, Milan ; Pelikán, Jan (advisor) ; Štěpánek, Václav (referee) ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (referee)
The present study deals with the very difficult Czechoslovak-Yugoslav relations immediately before and at the beginning of WWII. At that time, an independent Czechoslovakia no longer existed, and Yugoslavia was forced to balance between the interests of stronger countries, mainly Germany and Great Britain, in order to save their territory and ensure for its citizens a future without a war. Yugoslavia's reserved attitude towards the happenings in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, the establishment of rather formal than friendly and cordial Slovak-Yugoslav relations, the presence of Czechoslovak emigrants in Yugoslavia, the absence of any intervention by Yugoslav bodies against the activities of the members of Czech and Slovak minorities against the Protectorate, Slovakia, and Germany, and, finally, the negative Yugoslav attitude towards the state of Slovakia - this all constituted a complex and colourful world of Czechoslovak-Yugoslav relations in 1939-1941. An analysis of these relations was based primarily on an exhausting archival research as well as on a survey of relevant literature, memoirs, and the period press. This subject has not yet been studied in detail in the Czech Republic and abroad.
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