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Competence 4.0: self-assessment of competences related to the 4th industrial revolution in selected students from the Faculty of Arts and Faculty of Science of Charles University
Beneš, Jan ; Sieber, Martina (advisor) ; Šafr, Jiří (referee)
(in English) The master's thesis addresses the topic of measuring competencies associated with the 4th industrial revolution or Industry 4.0 among a sample of bachelor students from the Faculty of Science and Faculty of Arts at Charles University. The aim of the thesis is to create and test a model of competencies related to the 4th industrial revolution. A sub-objective is to compare the self-assessed competency levels among the sample of bachelor students based on faculty, study program, and academic year. The thesis includes a focus group and a questionnaire survey, in which a total of 863 bachelor students from the Faculty of Science and Faculty of Arts participated. The model of competencies related to the 4th industrial revolution is tested using confirmatory factor analysis, and differences in the levels of individual competencies are analyzed among the sample of students using parametric and non-parametric methods. Confirmatory factor analysis with WLSMV estimation demonstrated that the hierarchical model of competencies is in good agreement with the collected data (CFI = 0.973, TLI = 0.967, RSMEA = 0.055, SRMR = 0.058), and it can be applied in measuring competencies. The results of comparing self-assessed competencies indicate that there are no statistically significant differences in the...
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Fast fashion and slow fashion: motives for and barriers to purchase
Pucholtová, Karolína ; Zvěřinová, Iva (advisor) ; Šafr, Jiří (referee)
People perceive and approach fashion in many ways. Each of these ways is characterized by different aspects and expectations, such as price, how much product fits fashion trends or sustainability of a product and familiarization with it. Consumers take these attributes into an account when they make decisions while shopping. Bachelor's thesis research question is: "How does the process of decision making between shopping for fast fashion or its sustainable alternatives take place?". I have reached the answer for the research question by conducting a literature review and a data analysis with a questionnaire survey representative for a population of the Czech Republic. As shown in the literature, fast fashion and slow fashion customers are deciding to a different extent based on the price of a product, its trendiness and its sustainability. All these factors are also connected to characteristics of customers, such as gender, age, education, income or interest about products sustainability. The goal of the data analysis was to explain if respondents bought at least some ecologically certified clothing during a certain period of time. For the data analysis, a binary logistic regression was chosen, to which were added more sociodemographic variables (size of place of residence, region and number of...
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The phenomenon of the advantages of the home environment in Czech football: an analysis of the influence of the (non) presence of fans on the behavior of players and referees
Kotěra, Jan ; Buriánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Šafr, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor's thesis examines the impact of the absence of fans on the so-called home-field advantage within the Czech football league. The aim was to verify the validity of conclusions from foreign studies on local data. The methodology used included t-tests for comparing match statistics with and without fans, and multiple linear regression with interactions. The results show that the absence of fans significantly influenced the match statistics. For most of the analyzed variables, there was either a complete elimination of the difference between the home and away teams, or this difference was at least halved compared to matches with fans. The influence of fans was demonstrated in the statistics of both home and away teams, for example, in variables such as the number of points and ball possession. In other player behavior- measuring statistics, there was a statistically significant (p-value < 0.05) impact only on the home team's statistics. As for the referees' decision-making, measured by fouls and yellow cards, in the absence of fans, they significantly changed their approach only towards the away teams. However, this too led to an overall reduction in home-field advantage. This work thus provides evidence of the significant influence of social forces, represented by the presence of fans, on...
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Digital parenting: the relationship between parents' socioeconomic status and their children's internet activities
Václavíková, Markéta ; Lupač, Petr (advisor) ; Šafr, Jiří (referee)
This thesis analyses the influence of parents and children's characteristics on the usage of active and restrictive mediation strategies. Relations have been verified by using regression analysis of data from the EU Kids Online IV survey from 2018. Emphasis was put especially on factors related to digital inequalities, namely socioeconomic status and the level of digital skills of the parents. These factors impact how individuals use digital media and their general behaviour towards them. Therefore, it is important to observe these factors in relation to digital parenting because parents can influence not only access to digital media and the way they are used but also the risks and opportunities to which a child is exposed on the internet. Active mediation should educate children about the usage of digital media and, through that, maximise the opportunities that come with the internet. However, restrictive mediation uses prohibition and rules to protect children from risks but does not lead to the acquisition of new digital media-related skills. Analysis shows that higher socioeconomic status, digital skills, and the age of a child impact the usage of active mediation strategies. However, no relationship was proven between the restrictive mediation and neither socioeconomic status nor digital...
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Attitudes of secondary school students towards physical education
Janíčková, Klára ; Buriánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Šafr, Jiří (referee)
(english) This thesis focuses on the issue of non-participation of adolescents in physical education classes in secondary schools. The main aim of the thesis was to identify the causes of this phenomenon and to find possible alternatives that would lead to increased participation of students in physical education. The research combines quantitative surveys in secondary schools and qualitative interviews with selected students who show reduced activity in physical education classes. The research suggests that the most significant influence on participation and enjoyment of physical education classes is the content of the classes, among other social factors. Furthermore, the qualitative interviews revealed that secondary school students have a need to manifest their independence through the need for autonomy during classes, appeal for personal development and also manifest their autonomy by resisting authority. The interviews also highlighted the considerable fragility of identity during adolescence, with adolescents' identities being influenced by social judgements, the judgmental nature of society and pressure to perform. The present paper comes up with recommendations that could help in designing school curriculum and modifying the school environment and teachers' approach to physical education...
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Snobbery, individualism or cultural omnivorousness? A qualitative study of types of young culture consumers
Turnerová, Ema ; Skovajsa, Marek (advisor) ; Šafr, Jiří (referee)
The bachelor's thesis examines the relationship between taste and social status in the context of the way culture is consumed, based on three major theories dealing with this issue. These are the homologous approach from Pierre Bourdieu's theory, Richard Peterson's theory of cultural omnivorousness and the theory of induvidualization. It provides insight into the issue of distinguishing between high and low culture and on this basis determining the legitimacy of cultural goods, while describing the state of research on the stratification of taste in Czech society. The thesis further explores this topic on the basis of interviews conducted with young Prague consumers of culture. The first phase of the interview is devoted to the identification of the respondent's cultural overview, the formative environment and the actors influencing taste, while the second phase then consists of the evaluation of various legitimate cultural goods in the field of taste as such, cultural participation and knowledge. From the responses of each respondent, a typology containing four types is constructed, which are then considered in the context of the three theories in order to determine which of the theories correspond or contradict.
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The perceived link between environmentally friendly behavior and social status
Pourová, Barbora ; Richter, Eva (advisor) ; Šafr, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to find out how the perception of environmentally friendly behavior and social status are related, more precisely, how Czechs perceive individual examples of environmentally friendly behavior, whether they increase social status, or rather if they are associated with saving money or protecting nature. I conducted a questionnaire survey on the topic. Czechs perceive activities of environmentally friendly behavior differently than abroad, where activities that increase social status mainly include financially demanding and publicly visible activities. The questionnaire survey showed that Czechs also consider other levels in their social status and therefore include less visible and financially inexpensive activities among them. They have a negative perception of excessive activism.
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Older School–Age Children’s Leisure and its Experiencing. Results of the Representative Survey – Czech Republic 2021 (Monitoring Study)
Patočková, Věra ; Čermák, Daniel ; Šafr, Jiří
The aim of the study is to present results of the own representative survey How children spend and experience their leisure 2021, which monitor the state of children's leisure at the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century. In the begging of the study, the main findings are summarized and the parameters of the research are introduced. Then, the results of a more detailed analyses are presented. At first, these focus on how much leisure children have. Then, two more extensive chapters follow that represent the main parts of the study. They focus on how children spend their leisure and how they experience it. The final part of the study presents selected factors influencing the possibilities and ways of spending leisure: parents' views on children's leisure, household expenses related to children's leisure, satisfaction with the possibilities for spending leisure and perceived barriers.
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Development in reading in the Czech society during the last few decades
Trailinová, Kateřina ; Šafr, Jiří (advisor) ; Vávra, Martin (referee)
The thesis deals with development of reading in the Czech society during the last few decades. The aim of this study is to explore certain factors, that cause probace changes in reading of books and what is the measure of their impact. The teoretici part describes the historical long-term trends. These trends include existence certain historical events in the Czech society, which were defined by technological progress. In the next part explains important words for this study (who is the typical reader and non-reader, reading culture, reading behavior, etc.). The empirical part of study is based on multi-dimensional analysis the certain factors, which impact reading in proportion to time and the generations (created age categories - young generation 20 - 34, middle-aged 35 - 54 and old generation 55+). This part of study uses data from sociological researches, primarily of social and class structure (1984, 1991, 1999 and 2006). This study uses data from the international research of International Adult Literacy Survey (SIALS 98) and data from sociological research ISSP 2007 (Leisure time and sport). In this regard, the research followed in addition to leisure activities, many aspects such as level of educational attainment, size of home library etc. Key words Reading, reader, book, education, age,...
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Influence of Space on Cultural Participation of Prague Citizens
Lochschmidtová, Kateřina ; Šafr, Jiří (advisor) ; Štemberk, Jan (referee)
Diploma thesis " Influence of Space on Cultural Participation of Prague Citizens " deals with relationship of cultural participation and sociospatial context of a city and its changes over the time using example of capital city of Prague in the 1980s and in the early 20th century. The thesis presents several basic means how space can influence cultural participation. It is cultural infrastructure, politics and strategies of public governance, existence of creative creators of culture and existence of audience interested in culture. After that the thesis describes conditions for cultural participation v Prague in 1980s and after year 1989. Existence of relationship between cultural participation and space is examined at the level of ten Prague's districts using secondary analysis of two quantitative sociological research projects "Class and Social Structure of CSSR population" from 1984 and "Media Projekt" from 2007 using ordinal logistic regression model.
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