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Antimicrobial properties of mesenchymal stem cells
Černá, Kristýna ; Hájková, Michaela (advisor) ; Vobořil, Matouš (referee)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were first isolated from bone marrow. Since that they were isolated from almost every tissue in the body. MSCs are multipotent cells with many properties including self-renewal, differentiation into the cells of all three germ lines, trophic and immunomodulatory abilities, specific migration to the site of injury and recently discovered antimicrobial properties. This properties make them a good candidate for cell therapy because they can be used in treatment of many diseases including bacterial infections. This thesis brings a summary of all discovered antimicrobial properties of MSCs. It is primarily focused on their direct and indirect antimicrobial effect. The direct effect is mediated by a secretion of antimicrobial substances and the indirect effect includes an impact on the activity and functions of macrophages and neutrophils. Extracellular vesicles derived from MSCs constitute separate chapter because they can have both direct and indirect antimicrobial effect. Keywords: mesenchymal stem cells, antibacterial effect, bacteria, antimicrobial peptides
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Employment of persons with disabilities
Černá, Kristýna ; Štefko, Martin (advisor) ; Kotous, Jan (referee)
1 Employment of persons with disabilities Abstract This thesis deals with the employment of people with disabilities. People with disabilities belong to the society with specific needs. These needs have to be taken into account when these people are employed. This thesis focuses on taking into account the specific needs of this group of employees and discusses the possibilities of making them succesful on the labor market. The aim of this work is to evaluate the employment of people with disabilities both from the theoretical and practical point of view and to create an overview of how the employment of people with disabilities is taking place and what it means for their employers. For this reason, the thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is systematically divided into eight chapters. The first chapter deals with characteristics of basic concepts related to this topic. The second chapter deals with international and European legislation of the employment of people with disabilities. The third chapter provides information on Czech legislation, the constitutional basis of the rights of people with disability is defined here and the Anti-Discrimination Act, along with other regulations dealing with this issue. The fourth chapter deals with the regulation of...
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Renal carcinoma bological therapy and the role of cell signaling checkpoints
Černá, Kristýna ; Otavová, Katarína (advisor) ; Tolde, Ondřej (referee)
Principles of targeted biological treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma include mainly inhibitors of the tyrosine kinase receptors VEGFR and inhibitors of intracellular mTOR kinase. Across the new healing regimes there are the blockades of immune checkpoints of the immune system cell. Detailed molecular characterization of tumor is necessary not for only aplication of medicaments, but also for the development of drugs that target specific molecular pathway of cell signalization of the carcinoma cells. The work is focused on the description of the signaling pathway mTOR and VEGF in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. It summarizes all validated clinical biomarkers which are used to diagnose and stratify patients for the treatment of mRCC. It also offers insight into the present experiments that are finding new specific molecular markers. That may be the future solution for customized approach in the treatment of renal carcinoma an tumors in general.
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The effect of oribatid mites on the composition of fungal community in pine litter
Černá, Kristýna ; Koukol, Ondřej (advisor) ; Hubert, Jan (referee)
4 Abstract The aim of this study was to determine whether oribatid mites affect the variety of fungi in litter of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), and if the dispersibility of fungi particles is related to oribatid mite species. To this end, I have prepared several semi-natural systems, in which I observed dispersion of fungi separately and in the presence of two oribatid mite species: Phthiracarus sp. and Adoristes ovatus. I assessed the experiment in two ways, by a cultivation of washed needles on agar medium and direct observation of needles under a binocular magnifier. In the next part of this study I isolated particles of fungi present on the surface and in the faeces of oribatid mites Adoristes ovatus, Porobelba spinosa and Spatiodamaeus verticillipes and compared it with the respective oribatid mite species. The most frequent needles fungi spread by oribatid mites were Oidiodendron maius var. maius, Oidiodendron muniellense, Oidiodendron setiferum, Umbelopsis ramanniana, Mucor hiemalis f. hiemalis and Mortierella hyalina. On the mites body surface the most commonly recorded fungi were Beauveria bassiana, Umbelopsis ramanniana, Cladosporium cladosporioides s.l., Cladosporium herbarum s.l. and unknown species of the genus Penicillium. Fungi species Acrodontium crateriforme, Umbelopsis ramanniana and...
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Opportunity and feasibility study
Černá, Kristýna ; Dvořák, Jiří (advisor) ; Syrovátka, Oldřich (referee)
The theme of this master´s thesis is a feasibility analysis of planned construction of an enviromentally friendly hotel in the Czech context on the example of Yves Rocher company. The reason for choosing this topic is my interest in the enviromental pro-tection and an effort to point out the advantages of implementing the principles of enviromentally aware into the company´s own strategy. The thesis focuses on the interests of potential clientele and the level of viability of the future accommodation facility with the goal of verifying whether there is realistically a chance of profitability of a project involving the construction of an enviromentally friendly hotel in the Czech enviroment. A complete analysis is carried out during the pre-stage to determine the above mentioned aspects and it´s main focus is an opportunity study and feasibility study. Public opinion data was gathered using a survey among 160 independent respondents. SLEPT analysis was used for a detailed analysis of the external environment of the enviromentally friendly hotel. It´s technical functionality allows detailed characterization of each segment including the impacts that any action in those given segments can have. These impacts can be a key indicator for establishing the required market stability. The SWOT analysis was used for the final summary of the gathered results. This summary was then implemented in the Logical Framework approach with the goal of final recapitulation of the project´s design.
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Use of geolocation in car insurance products
Černá, Kristýna ; Novotný, Ota (advisor) ; Daněk, Lukáš (referee)
This thesis focuses on the Geolocation, Marketing and Insurance area. The main objective is to create definition of car insurance product for the market of Czech Republic, which will use the data gained from geolocation for the premiums adjustment. The minor objective of this thesis is to propose appropriate marketing strategy, which could be used while launching product on Czech market. Thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. Theoretical part describes principles of geolocation, provides basic information about several specific car insurance products from Czech Republic and abroad markets. The last part of theoretical section is focused on marketing topic. Practical part of this thesis consists of car insurance product specification. Proposal for optimal marketing strategy and targeted customer groups is also included. The main output of this thesis is definition of new car insurance product, which is currently not available on Czech market. This specification could be used by Products specialists from Czech insurance companies as basis for definition of new car insurance product for Czech market.
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Optimization of measurements by the HPGe detector with a very low background for achievement of the low MDA values
ČERNÁ, Kristýna
Abstract My thesis examines the measurement optimalization when the semiconductor HPGe detectors with a low background and a high relative efficiency are used for achieving low values of MDA (minimum detectable activity). I conducted my research in the Department of Spectrometry of SÚRO (National Radiation Protection Institute) in Prague. In this laboratory the standard geometries of detectors with lower efficiency are used. The aim of this thesis is to offer a proposal of new geometry, sizes and shapes of measurement cells which will better correspond with the demand for higher efficiency of updated detectors. The assignment was to find the best mathematical function to descibe the correlation between efficiency and the direction of the radiation point source towards the detector. This function is derived from experimentally obtained data. To conduct measurements, three kinds of detectors with high relative efficiency used for activity measurements at different geometries were selected. As the source of gamma radiation, the point sources with energies of 46 keV, 661 keV, 1332 keV in different distances and positions were used. The function was applied separatelly to each of the three detectors and to the areas above the detector and sidewards of the detector. The objective of the research was to project new measurement geometries or to optimalize the current ones which could be used also in other detectors with high efficiency. After integrating the function in the cylindrical area above the detector and the annular area sidewards of the detector, areas contributing substantially to the overall efficiency were determined. These areas may be considered to be the optimal sizes for new geometries in given positions. After combining all the optimal areas above the detector, sidewards of the detector and for selected energies and the detector, optimal sizes of a new geometry were found. The function can be used both in the front part and the side part of the detector but its validity is limited. The value of MDA for the particular geometry is in indirect proportion to the efficiency square root and thus this new geometry should lead to minimum values of MDA.
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