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Absence from work
Zahradníková, Michaela ; Kocianová, Renata (advisor) ; Krištofová, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis focuses on employees' incapacity to work as a factor that negatively affects the functioning of an organization. The resulting negative financial impact is felt not only at the level of specific organizations, but also can affect a country's macroeconomic performance. To be able to understand the issue of work absence, it is necessary to consider it in the context of a state's political and social situation. It is also essential to take into account legislative regulations regarding absenteeism that dictate the procedures required for both employees and employers. A serious problem associated with sick leave is the unauthorized absence of employees from work that results in significant burden on employers as well as hinders the macroeconomic functioning of the state. Although there are public institutions involved in activities for reducing absenteeism, the task of investigating the reasons for increased work absence is usually left up to the employer. That includes a responsibility to find and incorporate into the organization's policy an effective and appropriate solution for reducing work absence and stabilization of amount of absence. It is also important to avoid creating an environment that leads to so called "presenteeism," which is the presence of employees in the workplace...
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Analysis of factors affecting the price of stocks in the most important insurance companies in the world
Heinzel, Lukáš ; Ducháčková, Eva (advisor) ; Rybák, Zdeněk (referee)
The aim of this work is the analysis of factors, which influence price of insurance companies' stock. This work firstly contents definition of basic differences in the space, which insurance company does business in and regular manufacturing plant or sales company. Emphasis is put on controlling risks and regulation of insurance companies. The main part of work is fundamental analysis of 3 european insurance companies. The analysis of each macroeconomics quantity and the stock rate uses correlative coefficients. This work researchs, whether in case of relationship of progress of stock rates and quantities of economics holds regular conclusion, which are described in literature of economics or whether not. Whole fundamental analysis further complete sectoral analysis with development of main characteristics of european insurance market and companies' analysis, where are different proportion indicatiors compared.
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Evaluation of export promotional activities of selected Czech institutions on foreign markets
Sechter, Jakub ; Plchová, Božena (advisor) ; Kopecký, Jan (referee)
The thesis focuses on Czech export, its importance for Czech economy and mainly on the way it is endorsed by Czech export promotional institutions. The main aim is on institutions such as CzechTrade, CzechInvest, Czech Export Bank, Export Guarantee and Insurance Corporation and the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Czech Republic. A big part of the thesis focuses on The Export Strategy of the Czech Republic 2012 -- 2020 and evaluates the implementation of its objectives. Apart from that it sums up reasons of companies for entrance to foreign markets, export possibilities of the Czech Republic given its membership in EU and OECD Consensus regulations.
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European coordination of social security: rules for determination the applicable legislation
Kněžická, Šárka ; Tepperová, Jana (advisor) ; Bušovská, Monika (referee)
The aim of this master thesis is to analyse practical impacts of special rules for determination of applicable legislation in accordance with the Regulation No. 883/2004 and its implementing Regulation No. 987/2009. Further the thesis seeks to identify potential negative effects connected to application of the single insurance principle as well as deficiencies arising out of practical performance of European coordination and to discuss the eventual solutions to undesirable effects caused by weak sides of coordination regulations. The thesis is divided into four chapters: an introduction is followed by a chapter about general principles of European coordination of social security systems and about current developments in this field. The topic of a second part is an institute of posting according to Art. 12 of the Regulation No. 883/2004, a distinction here is made between employees and self-employed persons. This chapter further contains procedural rules and an overview of issued portable documents A1 (E 101 forms) during the years 2009 - 2011. Third chapter deals with pursuit of activities in two or more Member States in accordance to Art. 13 of the Regulation No. 883/2004. Special attention is paid to a fine line between posting and pursuit of activities. A problem with retroactive determination of applicable legislation is discussed in the last subchapter of the thesis. This problem is being recently solved by Czech institutions and employers. They are trying to find a solution preventing negative consequences of such a retroactive determination. Exception governed in Art. 16 of the Regulation No. 883/2004 is a subject of the fourth chapter. Situations where an exception is a possible and suitable solution are presented here as well as statistics about requests for exemption from Czech resp. foreign laws.
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The Actual Trends of Insuring of the credit risks with state support
Hrnčiříková, Michala ; Taušer, Josef (advisor) ; Pravda, Michal (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the export credit insurance as one of the possible instruments for covering business risks in international trade. Furthermore, it indicates its basic forms and also focuses on the international rules, which regulate the providing of export credit insurance. The main stress is laid on the development of export credit insurance with state support in a time of global financial and economic crisis. The thesis offers a view of the specific anti-crisis measures of some selected export credit agencies and their impact on the international trade development.
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An Effective System of Remuneration In the Public Sector
Picka, Jakub ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Izák, Vratislav (referee) ; Malý, Ivan (referee)
Expenditures on the salaries of public sector employees constitute a very important component of public expenditures, currently around CZK 200 billion annually in the Czech Republic. Adjusting the remuneration of employees in public administration (sector) is therefore an important option for increasing the efficiency of use of public funds. The assessment of the current system of public sector employee remuneration and a proposal for some specific changes to be made to it is the focus of this dissertation. The primary aim of my dissertation is to analyze the system of remuneration of employees of public and private sectors, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Within the primary target there is also a decomposition analysis, which indicates whether the employees are discriminated against in any of the sectors. The secondary objective is to make recommendations for the system of remunerating public sector employees of the in order to increase its efficiency in terms of public spending while maintaining its incentive function. The work is divided into five chapters. The first chapter, entitled "Theoretical Foundations," provides an overview of the relevant literature, the fundamental basis in economic theory, and issues of the Mincer wage equation, which is then later used as the basis for regression and decomposition analyses, and mainly describes in detail the decomposition method that is used to explain the difference in the salary level in the private and the public sector. These decomposition methods represent, together with quantile regression, the main tool used to meet the objectives of this work. The second chapter, entitled "The Remuneration of Public Sector Employees," describes the structure of the remuneration of employees of the public sector. The data shows that the current system produces results in the form of salaries that do not correspond to the market. The third chapter, called "Regression Model," builds on the analysis performed on data from QSAE, which was discussed in the second part of the previous chapter, and its purpose is to prepare the documents for verification and deepen their conclusions. The fourth chapter, called "Regression and Decomposition Analysis," is based on the regression model assembled in the previous chapter, and describes the results of the regression decomposition analysis performed on the described sample data. This chapter verifies the hypotheses set out in the introduction and answers research questions. The fifth and final chapter, entitled "Interpretation of the Results and Recommendations," focuses on the interpretation of the results, the proposed regulation of remuneration, and recommendations for further research. The main finding of this work is that the system of remuneration of public sector workers is set so that, while the overall average brings quite comparable results in terms of the salary as the entire labor market, it is not throughout the distribution. The performed regression analysis showed that both the public and private sectors evaluate the same things differently (different values of the regression coefficients of variables), and both at the average and along the entire distribution. We can say that the mechanism of the remuneration of employees of the public sector is different from that of the market. This fact is confirmed by the significantly higher coefficient of determination of the regression model of the public sector. Regarding possible discrimination in wages, the analysis showed that employees in the public sector may in contrary to the preposition of positive discrimination be positively discriminated against only up to approximately fifteenth percentile. From fifteenth percentile they are discriminated against negatively. This was confirmed by the decomposition analysis performed on the average salaries, which indicates that public sector employees are, at this level, negatively discriminated against (if the public sector employees have the same regression coefficients as private sector employees, their earnings increase). Finally, this conclusion is confirmed by the dummy variable, which represents belonging to the private sector when the value of its corresponding regression coefficients, in quantile regression analysis along the distribution, evolves from negative to positive and is significantly increasing. The thesis also shows how the system of remunerating public sector employees can be adjusted to reward employees in a way that is comparable with the market.
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Comparation of the EU and US approach towards mergers and acquisitions
Bartošová, Monika ; Kříž, Radim (advisor) ; Hásová, Jiřina (referee)
This study aims to compare the EU and US approach towards mergers and acquisitions, both from a theoretical point of view (the historical development and regulation) and the practical one(comparing certain cases), identify their similarities and differences, explain it and evaluate. To achieve the goal, the method of comparison was used (especially control procedures and assessing relevant markets). It was also assisted by case studies (specific decisions of the competition authorities), thus that the merger of GE / Honeywell and acquisitions, Oracle / Sun Microsystems. The work is divided into four chapters. The first chapter approaches the topic in terms of their development and legislation. The next two chapters introduce the merger control in both systems. The last chapter deals with cooperation between the competition authorities of the EU and the US. Chapter also compares the specific cases in which both teams have decided differently.
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Islamic Insurance
Kadlečková, Tereza ; Ducháčková, Eva (advisor) ; Daňhel, Jaroslav (referee)
The main aim of the thesis is to describe and explain the rules of Islamic financial world and outline working principles of the Islamic insurance. This work characterizes the fundamental models on which takaful insurance company works. It describes the basic products and the regulation in the sector. The part of the thesis is focused on the analysis of Islamic insurance market, the financial crisis, the potential of takaful in Europe and the development of Islamic insurance in the future.
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Crimes relatring to the abuse of addictive substances
Bohuslav, Lukáš ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
Crime Related to Substance Abuse The topic of my thesis is Crime Related to Substance Abuse which is focused on drug- related crime. The main aim of this work is to explain drug problematic in penal law consequences to the reader. First Chapter introduces the reader to drug problematic and drug addiction issue including drug crimes, defining health, social, psychological and economic risks and dangers which may be caused by drugs. The drug crimes are divided into few basic categories because of different rational motives why those crimes are committed. Then, several essential terms connected to drug abuse are explained. Second Chapter deals with classifying drugs into several categories and analyzing their different characteristics. Third Chapter concerns with international cooperation, including its history and current international law treaty's on drugs passed within the United Nations. Three essentials applicable and effective treaties are following: Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961), Convention on Psychotropic Substances (1971) and United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (1988). They involve international regulation and control of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. The Czech Republic acceded and signed all of them. Theirs...
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