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Role of the SMN complex in snRNP biogenesis
Hanušková, Klára ; Staněk, David (advisor) ; Šubrtová, Adriána (referee)
Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) are an essential component of the spliceosome, a dynamic protein complex that mediates RNA splicing. These particles are composed of a single small nuclear RNA, from which they take their name, a ring of seven Sm or LSm proteins and other accessory proteins. All snRNPs undergo a complex maturation pathway, taking place in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the cell. One important factor in snRNP biogenesis is the SMN complex, which is composed of the SMN, Gemin2-8 and Unrip proteins. Its most important function is to mediate the assembly of the Sm core domain in the cytoplasm of the cell, with the help of the PRMT5 complex. Furthermore, the SMN complex is also involved in snRNA modification, import of the snRNP core, or assembly of the spliceosome itself. Despite more than two decades of research, some of the functions of the SMN complex and its particles have not been fully revealed, and thus it is not clear from the cell to what extent this complex influences not only snRNP biogenesis but also the entire spliceosome. The aim of this work, according to the available research, is to describe the SMN complex in more depth and to understand its functions in snRNP particle biogenesis. Key words: SMN complex, snRNP, snRNA, Sm protein, spliceosome
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The role of the minor patient in the decision-making process regarding the provided health care
Šebková, Šárka ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Neugebauer, Jan (referee)
The bachelor's thesis entitled "The role of the minor patient in the decision-making process about the provided health care" deals with the issue of the rights of child patients and their respect. The work tries to outline the issue of providing health care to minor patients, its pitfalls and possible solutions to related problems. The aim of the work was to map the knowledge of minor patients in the area of their rights in the provision of health care and to evaluate their respect by health workers. The theoretical part of the thesis provides a basic overview of legal sources that regulate the role of minor patients in the provision of health care. This part of the work further outlines selected topics of the given issue from the point of view of valid legislation and points out possible pitfalls in practice. The empirical part presents the results of own work and their comparison with the results of other researches. The research method was a questionnaire of our own construction, which was distributed in the outpatient clinic of a general practitioner for children and adolescents. In the study itself were included 92 duly completed questionnaires. The results of the questionnaire survey showed that 72.83% of respondents think that they are given the opportunity to participate in decisions about...
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Ability of plants to adapt to anthropogenic pollution
Vachek, Tadeáš ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Dostál, Petr (referee)
Due to global climate change and human interventions, the environment is changing rapidly. This brings many stress factors that organisms must adapt to. One of the adaptive mechanisms currently widely discussed is rapid evolution, i.e., hereditary change based on natural selection occurring at an ecologically relevant pace. This work deals with the synthesis of knowledge about rapid evolution, the methodology of its research, and its role in the adaptive processes of plants to anthropogenic pollution, focusing on heavy metals in soil and artificial light at night. The collected studies indicate that heavy metals exert strong selective pressure that can lead to the separation of a tolerant population from the original within a few generations. However, the significance of artificial light at night as a selective factor for plant evolution has not yet been studied. Although individual studies deal with adaptive evolution in phototactic insects in response to artificial light at night, extensive research has not been conducted here either. From the general examination of the effects of artificial light at night on organisms (especially animals), both direct and indirect impacts on their functioning are evident, many of which have not yet been described in detail. Thus, the direct and indirect impacts...
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Results evaluation of reverse shoulder arthroplasty during physiotherapeutic intervention
Roztočilová, Dominika ; Fulín, Petr (advisor) ; Plecháčová, Marie (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Author: Dominika Roztočilová Supervisor: doc. MUDr. Petr Fulín, Ph.D., MBA Consultant: Ing. Milan Šebek Title: Results evaluation of reverse shoulder arthroplasty during physiotherapeutic intervention Abstract: This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of reverse shoulder arthroplasties and functional outcomes of the shoulder joint after the implantation. The aim of this thesis is to apply described physiotherapeutic approach to a selected group of patients and to evaluate the outcomes of shoulder joint function at given intervals during the postoperative physiotherapeutic intervention. The aim of the thesis is also to analyse current studies about this topic, compare the results and compare the effectiveness of different physiotherapeutic approaches. The theoretical part summarizes knowledge about the anatomy, kinesiology of the shoulder girdle and biomechanics of the shoulder joint. It also discusses shoulder replacements, especially the reverse implants. Furthremore, principles of physiotherapeutic postoperative intervention are described and physiotherapeutic approaches are outlined. The practical part of the thesis is procesed in the form of a research. It includes 8 patients who underwent implantation of a reverse arthroplasty and subsequent physiotherapeutic intervention. For...
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Employment experiences among people with schizophrenia
Nykl, Matěj ; Zábrodská, Kateřina (advisor) ; Šípová, Ivana (referee)
This master's thesis deals with the issue of work experiences and employment of individuals with schizophrenia. Research indicates that engagement in work activities can have a positive impact on the course of the illness, but employment is significantly more challenging for individuals with schizophrenia compared to the general population. Although most individuals with schizophrenia are interested in being employed, only a small proportion of them succeed in the long term. In the Czech context, this is a relatively unexplored issue, therefore there is a lack of knowledge about how people with schizophrenia experience their employment and what difficulties they face. The aim of this master's thesis is to further explore the work experiences of individuals with schizophrenia and to determine what specific factors they perceive as supportive or limiting for their involvement in paid employment. The theoretical part of the thesis is divided into two main chapters, with the first one focusing on schizophrenia itself including its symptoms, prognosis, diagnosis, and the impacts of stigma. The subject of the second chapter is the possibilities of employment for individuals with schizophrenia, particularly the benefits associated with work, support mechanisms for this group, and their needs. The...
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Updated summary of Tertiary relics in the vicinity of Pilsen
Trnka, Jan ; Sakala, Jakub (advisor) ; Pšenička, Josef (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to consolidate the knowledge from previous research on Tertiary relics in the vicinity of Pilsen, especially in the districts of Pilsen-City and Pilsen-North. Emphasis is placed mainly on sites that are important in terms of their extent or have provided identifiable samples of plant macrofossils or pollen in the past. In particular, these are the sites Dobříč/Jarov, Ejpovice/Kyšice and Horní Bříza - Modrý kříž. To a lesser extent, these are summaries of the manifestations of volcanism in the defined area. The thesis will be a possible starting point for a follow-up thesis, in which the student will process new findings of plant macrofossils from his own field research. Its further content will be a critical comparison of the individual reconstructions of the palaeochannel network and the determination of the approximate flow direction both for individual relics and the determination of the dominant drainage direction of the entire area.
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Nursing Care in Patients with MRSA
Zajacová, Aneta ; Trojánek, Milan (advisor) ; Jirkovský, Daniel (referee)
The bachelor thesis "Nursing Care in Patients with MRSA" deals with the issue of barrier regimen in the context primarily with golden staphylococcus infection. The aim is to assess the attitudes of nursing staff about nursing care in patients with MRSA, analyze the adherence to contact precautions in the clinical practice and to identify the factors associated with potential non-adherence. The theoretical part of the thesis serves as an introduction to the topic, while the empirical part contains the results of the actual investigation and serves to explore the above objectives. The research method was a self-constructed questionnaire with 33 questions, which was distrubuted among the nursing staff in the surgical and internal inpatient wards of the adult part of Motol University Hospital. Responses from 67 respondents were included and the obtained data were statistically processed. The survey resulted in the following findings: Only 13 respondents (19 %) say that everyone on their ward always adheres to barrier measures. The most common situation where barrier measures are not adhered to is 'acute patient condition' with 27 respondents (40 %) and 'at night' with 12 respondents from the standard ward and only 1 from the ICU. The motivation for more consistent adherence to barrier measures is fear...
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Creativity and music production: comparing the effect of musical improvisation with the effect of playing notes on divergent thinking
Pavlíková, Barbora ; Keřková, Barbora (advisor) ; Pešout, Ondřej (referee)
Creativity and the creative process can be fostered by many different factors. Based on previously conducted research, it is possible that improvisational practice can enhance performance on tests of divergent thinking. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of playing a musical instrument on divergent thinking in two groups of participants: improvising players and note players. As part of the research, I administered cognition tests (Trail Making Test and verbal fluency test) and the divergent thinking test (Alternative Uses Task, AUT) to the two groups of participants. The AUT was re-administered immediately following a 20-minute period of playing a musical instrument. I hypothesized that musical improvisation would lead to improved performance on the AUT test, with this improvement being statistically significantly greater than that of the note-playing group. Statistical analysis did not show an effect of playing a musical instrument on performance on the AUT test in either group of players. There was neither improvement nor deterioration in performance after playing a musical instrument in either group. There was a significant between-group difference in performance in the elaboration of answeres within the AUT administered after playing a musical instrument. The number of hours of...
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Deconstruction of Czechoslovak Identity on the Institutional Level after 1993
Hejpetrová, Vendula ; Havlíček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kučera, Zdeněk (referee)
The bachelor thesis examines the deconstruction of Czechoslovak identity at the institutional level after 1993, when Czechoslovakia collapsed. Despite the dissolution of the Czechoslovak state formation, the concept of "Czechoslovakia/Czechoslovak" continued to be worked with, especially on an institutional level. The main aim of this thesis is to find out, through my research, the purpose of using the term "Czechoslovak" in the names of institutions more than three decades after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia. This research focuses on institutions founded before 1993 as well as those that were established after that date. The research was conducted using a qualitative method, namely semi-structured interviews with four respondents. This method gave a deeper understanding of the topic and provided a detailed view of the issue. The results suggest that the term "Czechoslovak" is still of great importance to the institutions, is highly valued by them and reflects not only the historical development and context of these institutions but also contributes to their identity and perception in the public space. Thus, the thesis represents a significant and primary contribution to the understanding of the deconstruction of Czechoslovak identity in institutional terms after 1993. Key words: Regional...
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Dentists' knowledge of temporomandibular joint problems from the point of view of physiotherapy in the Czech environment
Stupková, Petra ; Buriánková, Jitka (advisor) ; Vokounová, Šárka (referee)
Author: Bc. Petra Stupková Supervisor: Mgr. Jitka Buriánková Title: Knowledge of dentists about Temporomandibular joint dysfunction in Czech area Aims: The main aim of the thesis is to map the knowledge of dentists regarding temporomandibular joint disorders from the perspective of physiotherapy and contribute to improving interdisciplinary collaboration. Methods: The aim of the thesis is to map the awareness of dentists in the Czech Republic regarding the issues of functional disorders in the temporomandibular joint from the perspective of physiotherapy and the state of interdisciplinary cooperation. Furthermore, it seeks to enhance the awareness of interdisciplinary collaboration between these two professions. Results: A survey conducted among dentists practicing in the Czech Republic reveals that they observe a very low incidence of temporomandibular disorders among their patients. Dentists who refer their patients for physiotherapy report the treatment outcomes as unequivocally positive. The most common reason for referring patients to physiotherapy is pain in the area of the temporomandibular joint. On the other hand, the main reason why some dentists do not refer their patients for physiotherapy is the lack of availability of specialized physiotherapists. A significant majority of respondents...
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