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Matrimony - preconditions for the occurence and consequences of its dissolution
Bartončíková, Jaroslava ; Dvořák, Jan (advisor) ; Švestka, Jiří (referee)
90 X. RÉSUMÉ In my work I deal with marriage, specifically with the conditions of its inception and the consequences of its demise. In spite of the fact that the crisis of family and marriage has been discussed extensively in the last years, marriage remains the fundament of a family and a relationship that gives birth to children. The decline of the number of marriages in the Czech Republic can be seen as being caused by the creation of a space for individualization, for free lifestyle, both in men and especially in women. Marriage is no longer regarded as an institution serving the purposes of the whole but in the future should serve mainly to individuals. One of its characteristics is the higher age of people entering into marriage, and the number of people living as lifelong singles has been increasing. Another alternative to marriage, living as partners without entering into marriage, is gaining a prominent position. It could be seen as caused also by adverse economic conditions, the growth of the costs of living, the lack in social welfare, housing etc. It is also characterized by the transition to a one-child family model. Natality has been decreasing, while the ratio of children born outside marriage has been increasing. The divorce rate has likewise been increasing. The stability of marriage,...
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Natality and abortion rate in Czech republic since 1960
Klubalová, Markéta ; Kačerová, Eva (advisor) ; Chodounská, Helena (referee)
The Czech Republic fights a declining birth rate as almost every European country. The declining birth rate is a phenomenon that affects the future development of a state. For several years it has been under the protection of natural reproduction with no changes in mortality rates. The birth rate closely relates to abortion. The development of abortion is affected by abortion laws. The first abortion law was issued in 1958 and the second in 1988. Another factor that affects the abortion rate and the birth rate is the use of hormonal contraceptives. This bachelor thesis is focused on the development of birth and abortion rates in the Czech Republic since 1960. It also focuses on problems of infertility and assisted reproduction. This bachelor thesis points out factors that influence this development.
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The Development of Single-person Households after 1989 and Its Effects on Social Benefits
Zákostelecká, Eliška ; Vybíralová, Ivana (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the development of single households after 1989 and the effects it has on social expenses. Increasing number of single-person households reflects the growth in the level living and also some changes in opinions about the family. The loss of some significant functions of the family causes divergence from it. This trend is explicit among certain groups of young people called singles who postpone their reproductive age. The increase of single-person households is connected with some threats to the state and the whole society. These households are more threatened by poverty and, at least economically, more dependent on the state. The state tries to ensure them the same living conditions as the other families have. Many social benefits are modified in the interest of these households and they cause a positive discrimination therefore. In the light of social benefits, an individual is more costly than a person from a two person household. Besides, giving priority to living alone has a negative consequence to the future -- a denatality.
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Education towards respect to the elderly
Klevetová, Dana ; Pelikán, Jiří (advisor) ; Votavová, Milada (referee) ; Lorenzová, Jitka (referee)
We have been on the threshold of 21 century, where the structure of population is to be changed because of the decrease in natality, longer life expectancy and increase in number of advanced age people. For the first time in humankind history there are going to be four age categories, which have not realised their mutual roles yet. Contemporary family has been changing its structure and mutual family relationships. The state has taken control of some family functions so senior population has released its juniors from duties and the middle age generation neither feel the responsibility to prepare for their own old age or induce their children to respect the great age. There is a character of current society of hard individualism, the wish to get graduated, having their own life styles. The ability to understand people his or her need to live with somebody has disappeared. Hence it is quite difficult to achieve good relationships. The love for a man and understanding of the differences of the others has faded out somewhere. The old people are losing their dignity and feeling endangered of the time where they live. They stress inconvenient society nature and instructional patterns for contemporary youth. The upbringing is one of the basic social functions that are based on forming individuals and their...
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