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Analysis of real and nominal convergence of the Visegrad Group in the years 2000-2015
Wikturna, Jan ; Strejček, Ivo (advisor) ; Zamrazilová, Eva (referee)
This Bachelor thesis is focused on a macroeconomic analysis of the process of the real and nominal convergence of the Visegrad Group countries to the old member states of the European Union, called EU-15 during the period of 2000-2015. The objective of the analysis is to confirm or disprove the hypothesis that in the selected period there is a convergence of the economically backward V4 countries with the advanced EU-15 countries and to highlight the factors that are behind the narrowing of the gap in economics and price levels. The theoretical part deals with the ways in which we measure and compare the economic performance and economic level, and explains the different approaches of the problem of economic growth and the subsequent catching up effect. The practical part is focused on a comparison of elected macroeconomic indicators and reference is made to the selected factors to determine whether, and for what reasons, the economic convergence of these selected countries made towards the developed countries of the EU-15. The analytical part confirms the ongoing process of the real and nominal convergence throughout the period, but its course is varied during different times of the period. In conclusion, it is found that the rate varied by the convergence processes and in fact positively affected the V4 countries, that joined the European Union. The incoming dynamics of the convergence, especially the prices, were significantly disrupted by the economic crisis.
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Atomistické simulace uspořádávání v niklových slitinách pod vlivem mechanického napětí
Buršík, Jiří
Systems containing up to six alloing elements typical of advanced Ni-based superalloys were modelled.their ordering was simulated at atomic level using a Monte Carlo approach with púeriodic boundary conditions and Kawasaki dynamics.molecular dynamics routines were embedded into standard kinetic Ising model to account for relaxing of local atomic positions.Straining computer experiments show that elastic parameters and bulk modulus undergo comparatively large changes at the beginning of ordering process.
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Dynamism and Codification
Šipková, Milena
The author attempts a typology of the language variants. She stresses that as far as codification is concerned, apart from the langue changes of the social and territorial character especially the processes of structural character are important; within them it is necessary to distinguish especially the progressive phenomena.
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Ion attachment and ion emission of dust grains
Vyšinka, Marek ; Němeček, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Wild, Jan (referee)
Small dust grains could be found in many environments. Because of their size, their charge and the electric forces acting on them play an important role in their dynamics. The dust grain charge is influenced by many different processes. Among other methods, charging processes can be studied by trapping a single dust grain inside an electrodynamic quadrupole where it is put into specific environment (ion or electron beam, UV radiation). The progress of the charging process can be inferred from the changes in the grain charge. Our work contributed to the building of a new laboratory set-up for study of the charging processes. Specifically, a new Faraday cup for measurements and stabilization of the ion and electron gun currents is designed and its function verified. It solves the shortcomings of the previously used Faraday cups. Further, an amplifier for the ion gun current measurement is designed and constructed along with the design of digital stabilization of the current. The stabilization is neccesary for the interpretation of measurement results and its digitalization will allow more flexible adjustment and easier connection with the control computer. Finally, data acquired during the charging of dust grain with different ion species are evaluated in order to study the effect of different ions on surface...
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Method of measurement parameters in metal forming.
Knebl, Martin ; Šlais, Miroslav (referee) ; Forejt, Milan (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the problem of measurement for thermomechanical parameters during metal forming under higher deformation rate. The first part works up general literary studies, comprising a summary of measurement methods for required parameters. There is described a principle of their function and usage. Further assessed the current situation and recommendation of appropriate methods for the dynamic processes of forming, especially their testing. The second part is devoted to the measurement for dynamic features of the material. This is a problem specified by Split Hopkinson preassure bar test. The test is described, including the mathematical evaluation process, in the theoretical part. In the practical part, there is a detailed description of the process and evaluation of the real test with aluminum alloy AlMg4, 5Mn ,07-EN AW 5083 performed within the framework of the junior project.
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Modelling, parameter estimation, optimisation and control of transport and reaction processes in bioreactors.
ŠTUMBAUER, Václav
With the significant potential of microalgae as a major biofuel source of the future, a considerable scientific attention is attracted towards the field of biotechnology and bioprocess engineering. Nevertheless the current photobioreactor (PBR) design methods are still too empirical. With this work I would like to promote the idea of designing a production system, such as a PBR, completely \emph{in silico}, thus allowing for the in silico optimization and optimal control determination. The thesis deals with the PBR modeling and simulation. It addresses two crucial issues in the current state-of-the-art PBR modeling. The first issue relevant to the deficiency of the currently available models - the incorrect or insufficient treatment of either the transport process modeling, the reaction modeling or the coupling between these two models. A correct treatment of both the transport and the reaction phenomena is proposed in the thesis - in the form of a unified modeling framework consisting of three interconnected parts - (i) the state system, (ii) the fluid-dynamic model and (iii) optimal control determination. The proposed model structure allows prediction of the PBR performance with respect to the modelled PBR size, geometry, operating conditions or a particular microalgae strain. The proposed unified modeling approach is applied to the case of the Couette-Taylor photobioreactor (CTBR) where it is used for the optimal control solution. The PBR represents a complex multiscale problem and especially in the case of the production scale systems, the associated computational costs are paramount. This is the second crucial issue addressed in the thesis. With respect to the computational complexity, the fluid dynamics simulation is the most costly part of the PBR simulation. To model the fluid flow with the classical CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) methods inside a production scale PBR leads to an enormous grid size. This usually requires a parallel implementation of the solver but in the parallelization of the classical methods lies another relevant issue - that of the amount of data the individual nodes must interchange with each other. The thesis addresses the performance relevant issues by proposing and evaluation alternative approaches to the fluid flow simulation. These approaches are more suitable to the parallel implementation than the classical methods because of their rather local character in comparison to the classical methods - namely the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) for fluid flow, which is the primary focus of the thesis in this regard and alternatively also the discrete random walk based method (DRW). As the outcome of the thesis I have developed and validated a new Lagrangian general modeling approach to the transport and reaction processes in PBR - a framework based on the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) and the model of the Photosynthetic Factory (PSF) that models correctly the transport and reaction processes and their coupling. Further I have implemented a software prototype based on the proposed modeling approach and validated this prototype on the case of the Coutte-Taylor PBR. I have also demonstrated that the modeling approach has a significant potential from the computational costs point of view by implementing and validating the software prototype on the parallel architecture of CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture). The current parallel implementation is approximately 20 times faster than the unparallized one and decreases thus significantly the iteration cycle of the PBR design process.
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Calculating Historical Volatility of FX-Options
Hudec, Patrik ; Strakoš, Jan (advisor) ; Hurt, Jan (referee)
The goal of this master thesis is to set up a model for the count of historical FX options volatility based on numeric simulation of the financial process called dynamic delta hedging in view of delta-neutral portfolio. For empirical calculations there are used high frequency data of the monetary pair EUR/CZK in years 2001-2006 and the Garman-Kohlhagen modification of the Black-Scholes formula for the assessment of monetary option contracts. The whole model is processed by assignment in the Mathematica system. Analytical part deals with the optimization and behaviour of the programmed iteration process on real data, it treats closely its input parameters and points possible difficulties. In the conclusion engaged in the analysis of results there are so acquired volatilities compared with the real, market quoted values.
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Growing Douglas-Fir in the area SLP CZU in Kostelec nad Cernymi lesy
Kubeček, Jiří ; Podrázský, Vilém (advisor) ; Marušák, Róbert (referee)
Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii /Mirb./ Franco) is currently considered one of the most important introduced tree species in Europe; for example in Germany it is considered domesticated. By its production it surpasses significantly our domestic softwood and its importance is found both in amelioration and improving functions as well as in its ability to compensate for spruce, so far our most common species however retreating somewhere.
The work addresses the growth processes of individuals and stands of Douglas- fir and its selected environmental effects in regions of Kostelec nad Černými lesy, and Písek. The aim is to demonstrate the production potential, economic evaluation, describe the growth dynamics and the impact on soil quality in the stands. The methods applied will include dendrometric measurement, description of growth dynamics, profitability, sampling and analysis of humus and mineral soil horizons. Basic pedochemical characteristics will be analyzed: soil reaction, soil sorption complex, nutrient content in total and exchangeable forms. The results indicated a high produce ability of Douglas fir comparable to the one of Grand fir and exceeding the one of Norway spruce. In terms of stabilization and effects on soil also has better properties than spruce. In terms of amelioration resemble the qualities of deciduous trees.
The work follows on previous experimental investigation..The output provides quantification of the production and soilforming potential, yield assessment and recommendations for application in conditions of the University Forest Enterprise and the Czech Republic.
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