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Use of fugatami in the cultivation of corn silage
VESELÁ, Miluše
The operation of biogas plants solves environmental aspects (energy management, reduction of negative impacts on the environment, use of renewable energy sources) and their influence in connection with the production of acidogenic (solid) as well as methanogenic (liquid) digestate. This requires establishing mandatory solution procedures in terms of the current legislation (air protection, use of fertilizers). The research for the thesis was carried out in the Agricultural and Commercial Cooperative in Kámen (in the region of Havlíčkův Brod), which lies 527 metres above the sea level. A biogas station has been operated by the cooperative since 2011. In addition to biogas, the cooperative also utilizes the fermentation remnants separated methanogenic digestate as a fertilizer and acidogenic digestate as a raw material for the production of compost. The thesis examined the use of methanogenic digestate when growing silage maize. During the one-year research, two maize hybrids and their response to fertilization by methanogenic digestate were assessed. Both hybrids achieved a higher yield of biomass and a higher yield of the dry matter.
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The influence of geomagnetic activity on the course of stratospheric warming
Davídkovová, Hana ; Bochníček, Josef ; Hejda, Pavel ; Huth, Radan
The temperature of the winter polar lower stratosphere is affected except the solar activity and atmospheric circulation by the geomagnetic activity as well. Plausible physical mechanism for its effect was described by Arnold and Robinson. According to this paper, warming in the lower thermosphere caused by geomagnetic activity produces the reduction of blending mid and high latitude air masses. In consequence of this reduction the temperature of solar insulated region (polar lower stratosphere)decreases. The aim of this work is to verify functionality of such mechanism.
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The solid depozited precipitation in the small catchments in the Czech Republic
Fišák, Jaroslav ; Tesař, Miroslav
The samples were collected in two localities differing in the industrial pollutant load. The first locality situated in the Sumava Mts. represents a relatively clean region of the Czech Republic. The second locality is situated in the Northern Bohemia. This locality is represented by the Milesovka Observatory of the IAP ASCR. The region is heavy polluted by the industrial load in this case. The one-shot sample collection in the Sumava Mts. at 28 localities was made on January 4th, 1990. There were shown: i) The ion concentrations in the rime water depend on the industrial load of the region and on the local pollutant sources; ii) The local pollutant sources play the main role in ion concentrations in rime water; iii) The ion concentrations decrease with altitude.
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Transport network in Ostrava
Bartoňová, Andrea ; Mervart, Michal (advisor) ; Jirsák, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the public transport. It is divided into two parts. The theoretical part contains short characteristics of the transport infrastructure. It is followed by a description of the logistics processes in public transport. Then different types of transportation come: tramway, road and rail. The end of the theoretical part is aimed at the public transport in the city, particularly public transport system and integrated transport system. The practical part focuses on the transport network in the city of Ostrava. The beginning of this part contains the history and the road and rail networks. Then the public transport system (buses, trams, trolley-buses), fares and prices are presented. There is also mentioned the nearby international airport and biking trails in the city. At the end the integrated transport system of the Moravian-Silesian Region and summary are given. The goal of thesis is to give the readers a comprehensive look at the public transport in Ostrava.
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Surveillance of bacterial strains producing broad-spectrum beta-lactamase.
VLASOVÁ, Martina
In the first part of my thesis I focus on mapping problems associated with antibiotic therapy and subsequent development of antibiotic resistance. Tracking resistance is based primarily on data collection and evaluation of the results set sensitivity from around the world. Antibiotic resistance is a natural phenomenon that can be observed in the evolution of microbes as one of the mechanisms of adaptation to new conditions in the environment. For this work I have chosen the following research questions. Do the incidence of ESBL strains in the České Budějovice Hospital a.s. increase over time? Are these values comparable to those achieved in another region, namely in Moravian hospitals the University Hospital of Olomouc, Ostrava University Hospital and Regional University Hospital of T. Bata in Zlin? The data collection I made in collaboration with the laboratory technicians and doctors at Hospital?s Bacteriology Laboratory in České Budějovice. Bacteries tested for the detection of ESBL production originated from biological materials, witch came from patients of hospital in České Budějovice. The first objective was to compare the results achieved in the České Budějovice Hospital in the period of 2007 to 2012. If we look at the total number of ESBL strains that have been isolated since 2007, values have upward trend. While in 2007 there were only 64 strains a year later, the number more than doubled. In 2010, the value soared to 281 tribes and in the year 2012, the number was 321 tribes. The incidence of ESBL strains in 2007 increased about five times. In the long term we can say the numbers have increasing tendency and the range of each species in the production of ESBL has significantly changed. In 2007, it was K. pneumoniae strains that dominated the statistics, but over time the strains of E. coli came forefront. Values of 2012 suggest that the presence of ESBL strains of K. pneumoniae is again almost equal to the number of E. coli strains. The second objective was to compare the results of the 2012 with study of the Prevalence of ESBL-positive Enterobacteriaceae in large Moravian hospitals. In the general overview of ESBL producers values in Hospital České Budějovice (5.23%) are comparable to those in Ostrava (4.9%) and in Zlín (4.3%). Number of strains in the Hospital in Olomouc (11.8%) is about twice as high as the numbers in České Budějovice. In this comparison the České Budějovice Hospital is one of the hospitals with a lower incidence of ESBL producers. The České Budějovice Hospital is below the national average, which originate from an elaborate system of care for patients with colonization or infection with ESBL strains, and from therapy control system using antibiotic center. These results may serve to the Hospital in České Budějovice for statistical purposes, and also for proposals for improving patient care. In the discussion, I pointed out the danger of the spread of resistant strains of bacteria in the community and also the associated risks that mentioned bacteria mean for patients injured in mass accidents or disasters. In these cases, number of infections including ESBL producers can penetrate through open wounds into the affected body. Unlike conventional sensitive bacteria those strains are resistant to commonly used antibiotics and thereby endanger the lives of people affected by the accident.
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Assessment of water quality from wells Highlands region
Remerová, Martina ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
The bachelor’s thesis is focused on assessment of water quality from wells, which are situated in the Highlands region. The thesis deals with various types of water, whereas it deals in detail with underground water. Further there are described pollutants in water with the emphasis on elements, ions and salts in samples, which were examined in practical part. Then there is given general information about wells, a reader is acquainted with the Highlands region, there is described Velké Meziříčí closely and its surroundings. Last chapters are devoted to a geological section of the locations of wells and their characteristics. The thesis contains chapters attended to taking samples and an enumeration of used devices and chemicals. There are described methods of assessment of individual inorganic pollutants in an individual chapter. There are drawn up calibrations for elements and compounds. At the end of the thesis is concentrated on results. The results of each measurement are well-arranged and compared with standards for drinking water. In most of the cases is proved that wells from given locations are not contaminated by inorganic pollutants monitored in this thesis.
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Ethical issues in evacuation around the Fukushima nuclear plant
DOČEKALOVÁ, Blanka
This master thesis deals with ethical issues of evacuation around the Fukushima nuclear plant. Taking into account that the evacuation takes place mostly in tense situations as a result of an extreme incident, it is essential that the process of evacuation is effectively managed, organized and executed. It is also necessary to ensure effective communication between all involved departments and residents. Evacuation must be well managed, not only on the technical side, but also on the ethical and moral side. In the practical part of the thesis some questions were raised, which surveyed: a) What ethical principles have been applied in dealing with evacuation and communication with residents? b) What alternatives in the ethical approach can be used? c) Can an applied ethics be used in crisis management? During evacuation in Fukushima and afterwards during communication with residents, affected by the effects of the accident, the government used a paternalistic way of issuing commands and decided what information the residents need to know. According to the testimonies of residents, the information was insufficient, inaccurate and in some areas in the early hours of the accident there wasn´t any information at all. On the question of alternatives in ethical approach, we can use instead of already mentioned paternalistic way, democratic or more autonomous approach. That, however, brings with it demands on all concerned as are operators of nuclear power plants, people from crisis management and radiation protection, state and finally residents themselves. It is about the involvement of all as equal partners, about openness, truthfulness, honesty, about increasing knowledge and awareness of radiation protection. The usage of applied ethics in crisis management is possible, but requires a changeover in the personal approach of all concerned people. First of the objectives of the study was to compare the paternalistic and democratic approach in providing information to the population and issuing orders to evacuation. I compared paternalistic and democratic way, and I came to the conclusion that it is necessary to find an appropriate level of application of these two methods. The second objective was to describe the criteria applied in Fukushima evacuation with regard to the amount of radiation exposure and differentiation of the population. In terms of the amount received by the exposure of the affected population was the largest part of the population evacuated before the release of radionuclides into the air and very positive it is that nobody died on the effects of radiation during the accident. The last goal of thesis was to find out what is the view of current residents in Czech Republic and those who work in emergency management and are responsible for the progress of evacuation or work in a sphere related to radiation activities, which provide various information and deal with the issue of long-term evacuation during a nuclear accident. Data were collected by prepared questionnaire, which contained nine closed questions. Questions were given to the residents presented at the time of the questionnaire survey on the streets in randomly picked villages and also through e-mail. Responses were graphically expressed as a numerical value and verbal evaluation and respondents' answers are commented in the discussion. The thesis can be used to implement ethical principles not only in crisis management, but also in the beginning of designing and building nuclear power plants in the region. The entire process of the formation and operation of nuclear power plants has not only a technical dimension, but also ethical. Thesis can be also used as study material for teaching on the field of emergency preparedness, which can extend the technical knowledge of the ethical dimension, which, as it turned out in Fukushima is also very important.
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Vliv větrolamů na mikroklimatické poměry okolní krajiny
Xaverová, Pavla
The work is focused on the results evaluating of four measurements of two windbreaks, in spring and autumn. The first one is located approximately 1 km south of Suchá Loz in the Zlín Region, where the measurements took place on 04/18/2007 and 10/20/2007. The second windbreak is located in the South Moravian Region, near the village of Micmanice. The data were measured on 04/04/2007 and 10/12/2006 in these areas. The climatic parameters of air temperature and relative humidity were evaluated. Type sensor HOBO RH Temp was located 2 m above the ground where was the measuring of instantaneous values carried out in five-second intervals. The results were evaluated for each measurement individually. Converting values to percentages, windbreaks can be compared with each other. The measurements showed the different efficiency of the windbreak for each measurement. To create the relevant evaluation is necessary in order to look at many other factors besides the measured values.
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