| |
|
Comprehensive system of rehabilitation in younger individuals after stroke
BEČVÁŘOVÁ, Lucie
Title of the bachelor thesis is Comprehensive rehabilitation in younger individuals after stroke. The aim of this thesis was to determine the subjective perception of individuals´ needs after stroke. The theoretic part is divided into two main chapters. The first one contains brief information about the disease, its types, anatomy and physiology background and symptoms. The second chapter deals with the issue of comprehensive rehabilitation and its parts. Particular approaches are defined and described in detail, health professionals working in this area are also mentioned here. The research part was processed by a method of qualitative research strategy. Semi-structured interview technique and observation were used. The research set included 5 respondents - four men and one woman. Past history of stroke and age of individuals between 45 and 55 years were the inclusion criteria for this research. Interview was held according to scenario questions, where I focused on two areas. First section included information about the respondent, his disease and treatment in the way of comprehensive rehabilitation. In the second part, respondents were asked how their life had changed after the experience of stroke. The interview was audio-recorded and then verbatim transcribed. One of the respondents did not wish to be audio-recorded, thus written notes were taken during the interview. Interviewing results are presented in a narrative format. By conducting this research I tried to answer the following question: What are the needs of individuals at various stages of stroke recovery? Need of self-sufficiency was mentioned by all respondents. In early stage, it was mainly coping with basic activities such as food intake, control of excretion, verbal expression and movement. In the later phase of treatment, there are increasing demands on self-care, understanding ability, memory and social interaction. Individuals often went through an intensive therapy. After returning back to their home environment, the need of self-realization, activation and meaningful ways to spend a free time are the most significant issues. This work should provide more information on the given topic.
|
|
The analysis of aberrations in the localization of the radiated fields during irradiation of the patients with rectum tumors by EPID method
HARTMANOVÁ, Magda
The presented thesis deals with the analysis of deviations in radiation fields during the irradiation of the patients with rectal tumors. The first part of the thesis is focused on the current problems connected with rectal and rectosigmoid cancer both in the Czech Republic and worldwide. It also includes the description of risk factors, characterisation of the given type oftumor, manifestation of the disease as well as the prognosis. What is also tackled is the prevention, which is important and often neglected.It was necessary to mention the possibilities of screening and dispensarisation programs. The next part deals with the diagnostic process (from anamnesis to specialised examinations) as well as the therapy. Chemotherapy and surgery are mentioned only marginally whereas radiotherapy, including its planning and methods, is dealt with in a more detailed way. The main part consists of the analysis of deviations in radiation fields. The deviations have been obtained by means of EPID (electron portal image device) in a sample of patients with rectal and rectosigmoid cancer who are treated with the use of radiotherapy at the oncological ward of the Hospital České Budějovice, Inc. The maximum, minimum and average deviation in the localization of radiation fields were assessed statistically, by means of the khi-quadrate test. The results obtained will be submitted to the oncological ward of the Hospital České Budějovice, Inc., where they can contribute to the assessment of radiotherapy quality. The thesis includes supplements such as portal images and tables with graphs indicating the development of the incidence and mortality for the chosen diagnosis within the entire population.
|
|
The process of supervision in training in cognitive behavioral therapy and expectations of supervisors and those supervisees from supervisit
Vyskočilová, Jana ; Praško Pavlov, Ján (advisor) ; Kožnar, Jan (referee)
Bc. Jana Vyskočilová, FHS Řízení a supervize, Abstrakt k diplomové práci. ABSTRACT The first part of the study deals with theoretical issues of supervision, especially supervision in cognitive behavioral therapy. The practical part is focused to mapping the expectations of supervision of trainees of CBT training in various phases of their training (after 1 year of training and after the fourth year of training, prior to training) and expectations of supervision of trainees training in CBT supervision. ABSS (Attitudes and Beliefs about Supervision Scale) was used as an evaluation instrument to assessed the expectations and beliefs of supervision. The expectations of probands with different experience in supervision were compared to find out where are consensual and where differ. The results show that trainees in supervision (Supervisors) emphasize particularly the importance of self-reflection and structures, Intermediate and advanced training students differ in their attitudes and expectations of supervision minimally (increased emphasis on counter-transference in intermediate students). Probands who are just going into training and have no previous experiences with supervision generally have higher expectations of supervision than trainees, who are already undergoing training. The finding that...
|
|
Specifics of nursing care of patients with hemophilia
HOUSKOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor thesis is divided into two parts. The topic is the specificities of nursing care of patients with hemophilia. The aim of theoretical part is to sum up in detail the issues connected to inherited coagulopathy, in this case hemophilia. It provides and discusses the definition, severity, causes, manifestations, diagnosis, complications, and therapy of the given disorder. Nursing care is an area not to be omitted when discussing hemophilia, especially due to the character of the disorder, which is highly specific and includes complex care. The empirical part of this bachelor thesis is based on the results of conducted qualitative research. The main goal of this research is to identify the specificities of nursing care of patients with hemophilia, including their specific needs. Further, this research sets to identify in what way are people diagnosed with hemophilia affected by this disorder. For this purpose, three targets were selected. First target is connected to the specific needs of the hemophiliacs. Second target is to map which parts of daily life of the patients are most influenced by hemophilia. Third and the last target cover the specificities connected directly to the nursing care of patients with hemophilia. The research questions were devised according to the aforementioned targets. Semi-structured interviews were used as the qualitative research method in order to fulfill the set targets. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with two peer groups, first group chosen for the purpose of this research were five nurses with experience in care of patients with hemophilia. Second group interviewed comprised of five hemophiliacs. The semi-structured interviews with the nurses aimed to identify the specificities of nursing care of patients with hemophilia, including their needs. The interviewees with hemophilia were asked mostly about their activity in daily life. The interviews were recorded and afterwards manually transcribed. Interviews were properly coded and categorized into specially devised categories. The results of the conducted research show that all the nurses identified as the most important specificity in nursing care of patients with hemophilia regular application of coagulation factor, which is usually done twice a week. However, they further note that during hospitalization, in most cases the time interval is shorter between individual applications. This is due to the planned procedures. The research concludes that due to the character of the disorder such as hemophilia, it is necessary to check on the patient more frequently in his room and monitor bleedingand last but not least the pain. All the nurses further stated that pain is one of the most important factors connected to fatigue. Therefore, heighten need for sleep can be observed in patients with hemophilia. A significant specificity in nursing care of patients with hemophilia, pointed out by the nurses, is that no intermuscular injection can be applied to such patients due to the high risk of bleeding into the muscle. Another contradiction is administration of drugs containing acetylsalicylic acid, which has a negative impact on aggregation of blood cells. All the nurses agreed that in terms of hygiene it is crucial to consider joint stiffness and their swelling, which are often accompanied by strong pain. Pain was also noted by many respondents as a factor that most often have a negative influence on their daily life activities. Contact sports or extreme sports are unsuitable for such patients, as they involve high risk of injury and consequent open or inner bleeding. Further, the respondents felt limited in terms of possible career choices, affected by their bleeding disorders. Based on this research an informational pamphlet was created. This pamphlet can be used as a source of basic information for patients with hemophilia and people close to them as well as for students of medical courses.
|
|
Vývoj asistenční aplikace pro lidi s demencí
Černý, Martin ; Šlajchrt, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Pecinovský, Rudolf (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to implement a presentation layer for the Reminiscence Computer Therapy application. Reminiscence Therapy involves the discussion of the past memories and it is believed to help people with dementia to improve their well-being and sustain their memories. Computer Reminiscence Therapy involves technology in this therapy. The research introduces into Dementia and Reminiscence Therapy with and without using technologies. The application developed as part of this diploma thesis uses picture upload and speech recognition techniques for the memory input. This is used to support remembering of past memories and to increase discussion. The application can be used with or without the carer as well as with friends and family members. The six most important requirements on the developed application are the speech recognition, picture upload, asking questions about the previous recordings, asking questions about tagged friends, using old stories for discussion and presenting the statistics. The application was developed as a part of the competition made by AngelHack organization. Presentation, business and persistence layers of the application are discussed in this diploma thesis as well as user manual and persistence layer implementation of the requirements. The presentation layer was developed using React framework for JavaScript. Other libraries have to be used as well with the most important being Redux library for storing application state. This library affected the structure of the persistence layer.
|
|
Positive psychology – possibilities, challenges, opportunities
Slezáčková, Alena
Positive psychology is an actual and fast-developing movement of current world psychology. It is focused mainly on studying and supporting positive aspects of individual personality and society, and as such contributes on forming a holistic picture of psyche by adding previously omitted positive topics. In this paper, we introduce the foundations and history of positive psychology, we present its prime movers in the world and suggest possible applications of positive psychology in the Czech Republic. We summarise the existing work of Czech and Slovak authors, which is focused on positive psychology topics, and we suggest possibilities of concrete applications of this approach in education, schooling, counselling and therapy. We introduce the goals of a newly created positive psychology working group by Czech-Moravian Psychological Society, and we suggest possibilities of interdisciplinary collaboration.
|
| |
| |
|
Use of S-E-T koncept in lower back pain therapy
Valešová, Kateřina ; Táborská, Silvie (advisor) ; Kotýnková, Martina (referee)
Vertebrogenic complaints are problems in which the spine is the main pathogenetic factor. Lower back pain is one of the most common reasons for doctor's visits, and as it mainly affects people of working age and so has a high socio-economic impact. Rest, medication, physiotherapy, surgical and spa treatment are all used in the treatment of these problems. The subject of my thesis will be physiotherapy using Redcord, which is an S-ET concept therapeutic device. Redcord is a system using suspended cords and a history dating back to 1991. Physiotherapists and doctors in Norway participated in the development of the S-E-T concept. It is a new approach to active treatment and patient exercise. It is a concept with a variety of rehabilitative and training objectives such as training for strength, stability and muscular control. I have successfully used the S-E-T concept with two patients with vertebrogenic problems, and provide a detailed description of this in the practical section of this thesis.
|
guest ::
