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Influence of Phonetic Literacy on the Perception Ability of Czech Learners of English
Kaňák, Jakub ; Červinková Poesová, Kristýna (advisor) ; Farrell, Mark Robert (referee)
The thesis covers the main points of L2 acquisition with the main focus on L2 perception and production. The relevant theories concerning acquisition of L2 phonology were outlined and some important points stressed, namely, the role of L1 phonology on L2 perception and subsequently production. The subjects of final stop devoicing and pre-fortis shortening were mentioned with relation to Czech speakers of English. In the practical part, the thesis provides an account of a perceptual experiment that focused on the perception of word-final /t/ and /d/ phonemes of English by Czech students of English phonetics. It was found that Czech students are susceptible to their L1 phonology in distinguishing the voicing contrast word-finally. No significant overall correlation was found between the knowledge of pre-fortis shortening and the performance in a subsequent perceptual test. Key words: speech perception, phonetics, phonology, second language acquisition
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Relationship between use of television and new media in spectator habits of teenagers at secondary schools
Pražáková, Hana ; Reifová, Irena (advisor) ; Vochocová, Lenka (referee)
The thesis named Relationship between using TV and new media in the habits of secondary school teenagers is trying to identify ways of using common TV broadcasting and TV contents reachable with a help of new media by czech secondary school teenagers. It also examines their relationship towards above mentioned delivery technologies and contents. In the theoretical part the attention is paid not only to the specific category of adolescent viewers and video content users, but to technological and social aspects that can influence ways and motives for using TV contents as well. This thesis also touches current issue of television studies, which has arrised together with new digital technologies arrival . Practical part is with a help of quantitative and qualitative research trying to reach empirically-based data, supporting and developing findings described in the theoretical part. Performed questionaire research results in statistically not yet recorded information about equipment (such as TV and PC with internet access) installed in teenagers' apartments. It is especially easy access to above stated technologies, what has the biggest impact on the way and intensity of using these technologies. Subsequent qualitative interviews, focus on motives and reasons leading to changes of teenaged viewers'...
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METHODS AND OBJECTIVES OF WORK WITH PARTS OF SPEECH ON THE FIRST LEVEL OF PRIMARY SCHOOL
PLEŠÁKOVÁ, Kateřina
This thesis treats the challenge of the topic Parts of speech on the first level of primary school. The first part is dedicated to theory concerning the given topic. The second part deals with methodology of teaching the parts of speech on the first level of primary school. The third part is reserved for analysis of sets of the Czech language textbooks for the second to the fifth grade from the following publishers: Alter, Nová škola, SPN, a.s. The fourth part focuses on a research of knowledge of the parts of speech in the 3rd, 4th and 5th grades in particular primary schools.
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The Low-Threshold Club in Humpolec - Yes or No?
Dománková, Jana ; Martinek, Michael (advisor) ; Křišťan, Alois (referee)
This thesis "The Low-Threshold Club in Humpolec - Yes or No?" deals with a question whether it is desirable to establish a low-threshold club for young people. In Humpolec there are several institutions offering classic leisure time activities to young people. The department for social and legal children's protection takes care of the young who are in danger of negative impacts. Everyone spends their free time in a specific way. The results of a survey made in Humpolec among respondents aged over fifteen show how the local teenagers spend their free time. The final judgment about foundation of a low- threshold club is necessary to be based on adolescent- aimed theories. Everyone is influenced by their psychic experience. Adolescence is a period of human life, during which the positive influence play a very important role. Taking this into consideration, the Roman Catholic Church has brought in two pastoral conceptions which are currently being put into practice by the Youth Section of the Czech Episcopal Conference and the Prague Salesian province. Although both conceptions follow the same aim - to lead one to the God- they differ in ways how to achieve it according to the target group they primarily focus on. While the Salesians address the young at large, the Czech Episcopal Conference focuses on the...
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Czech morphological guesser
Suchánek, Michal ; Mírovský, Jiří (referee) ; Hlaváčová, Jaroslava (advisor)
The first step of text analysis is tagging word forms with morphological tags. These tags describe the part of speech, person (where applicable), number, etc. This information is used for further analysis of the text. Tags are automatically assigned by looking up the word form in the morphological dictionary. This gives good results for the Czech language because the word forms express the morphological categories to some extent. Unlike English words, Czech words often change their ending when their morphological category changes. Words that are not present in the dictionary can be tagged with a guesser. The guesser described here uses the similarity of unrecognized words with words already present in the dictionary.
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Czech of Spanish Speakers (case study)
Petrželová, Ivana ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Rejzek, Jiří (referee)
The bachelor's thesis Czech of Spanish Speakers is divided into two parts. The first is theoretical and deals mainly with the issue of language transfer. The second part analyzes the errors in two specific texts provided by a Spanish native speaker, one being a written text and the other a transcript of speech. Errors are separately analyzed from a phonetic, grammatical, morphologic, syntactic and lexicological perspective. The central topic of the thesis is native language interference. The conclusion provides an overview and comparison of both texts.
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Circumstances surrounding early parenthood in the Czech Republic: Life strategies of pregnant women and mothers under the age of 20
Kyzlinková, Renáta ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee) ; Kuchařová, Věra (referee)
CIRCUMSTANCES SURROUNDING EARLY PARENTHOOD IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC: LIFE STRATEGIES OF PREGNANT WOMEN AND MOTHERS UNDER THE AGE OF 20 Abstract The data gathered in the qualitative study by 58 semi-structured interviews with pregnant teenage girls or teenage mothers were used to describe relatively large scope of life circumstances connected to early pregnancies. The author examines what was the reason for becoming pregnant, how the teenagers' decision about how to respond to getting pregnant was made and how their life strategies changed under the pressure of this unpredictable event. Studying sexual behavior of adolescent mothers the author placed emphasis on partners' communication connected with first sexual intercourse and the increased risk of sexual abuse among the observed population. Furthermore, the role of "sexual socialization" in the family of origin was discussed. Concerning decision-making process- "keeping the baby or not", the main emphasis was placed on the social support networks and their influence on pregnant women's decisions. Very important issue analyzed in this part of the study is phenomenon of "wishing to have a baby". Another topics covered are the family formation process and housing conditions after opting for motherhood, in particular, the importance of marriage and the partner's...
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Differences in the basic pitch relevant to the perceptual distinction of melodemes in English
Veroňková, Jitka ; Palková, Zdenka (advisor) ; Krčmová, Marie (referee) ; Janota, Přemysl (referee)
As in the case of many other languages, the intonation fulfils certain linguistic functions in Czech. It distinguishes conclusive vs. non-conclusive clauses, declarative vs. interrogative clauses and neutral vs. marked usage clauses. In the case of declarative and interrogative clauses, the intonation is the single distinguishing feature. Structures of the basic patterns to express these linguistic functions were standardized and in general accepted, but not enough is known about their particular realizations. In general, these structure types are realized in the final stress unit of the utterance. It has been confirmed that the intonation courses of some functionally diverse contours are similar and there exist overlaps among them. The perceptual differences between contours can be caused only by the size of F0 excursions. Our research focuses on finding minimal distinctions in F0 excursions which are sufficient to distinguish phonologically different types of sentences. Some structure types can be fully realized on the at least three-syllable stress units, that is why these were chosen to be analysed. The research is based both on synthetic speech and natural one. Two sets of synthetic contours, first containg three-syllable stress units and the second the four-syllable ones, that cover the structure...
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