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Possibilities of canistherapy in the development of a boy with tuberous sclerosis.
ŠLEMENDOVÁ, Barbora
The work presents the possibilities of using canistherapy with a client with tuberous sclerosis. The beginning of the thesis characterizes tuberous sclerosis and diseases associated with it, such as epilepsy, mental retardation, ADHD syndrome. The following section defines the complex rehabilitation, a team of rehabilitation specialists and individual components of complex rehabilitation. The next section describes canistherapy as a supportive therapeutic activity, its methods, forms, legislative regulation and the use of canistherapy in the childhood of a patient with tuberous sclerosis. The final section contains a description of the institution in which canistherapy was used and also there is the casuistry of a client and the process of canistherapy of the client with tuberous sclerosis, while the possibilities of canistherapy when working with clients with tuberous sclerosis are submitted and evaluated.
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Social impact of mental anorexy of child patient´s to a family.
ŠOUNOVÁ, Jitka
SOCIAL INPACT OF THE MENTAL ANOREXIA AFFECTING CHILDREN´S PATIENTS ON HE FAMILY In choosing the subject of my degree work I was influenced fundamentally by my experience gained during the department of children´s psychiatry. At thes very interesting work I had opportunity to become acquainted not only with various psychiatric diagnoses but with plenty of human fates in particular. The girls with plenty of human fates in particular. The girls wth mental anorexia were frequent patients of this department. During their long-term and often repeated hospitalization I met both the patients and the whole families. That´s why I could follow the development of the children affected like this and the impact of this illness on the family as well. The mental anorexia is a very grave and lingering illness belonging to the group of disorders in food ingestion. The consequences of this illness for he health can be of an persistent character and it is not exceptional that this illness is even fatal. The therapy is spite of all therapeutical possibilities, the modern psychiatry has at disposal. Therefore, the families of the patients have not only to get over the fear for the life and health of their members, but they have also to overcome longlasting psychological stress connected with the care of the person affected like this. This care can influence the running of the family fundamentally. It often happens that the family has to reduce the professional activities with respect to the exacting care. This can result in aggravation of the economic situation of the family. A considerable lowering of the living standard and the following crisis can take place in families with low incomes. Permanent psychological stress, deterioration of the economic situation and fair for the child can influence also the relations between individual members of the family. It is no exception that this stress has an adverse effect on the marriage of the parents, and that expecially in the case that the marriage was a problematic one as early as before the child fell ill.
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Trends of the Consumption of Antidepressants in the Czech Republic in the period 2003-2008
Kantorová, Alice ; Lešetický, Ondřej (advisor) ; Mlčák, Jan (referee)
Depressive disorder, etiology, objective criteria for identifying depression, depression and suicide, depression in ICD-10, treatment, chemicals in the brain and transmission of information, action mechanism of antidepressants, cutting depression, comorbidity, biological and psychotherapeutic treatment options, pharmacotherapy, ATC classification drugs, antidepressants,classification according to the distribution of the ATC, guidelines for the treatment of depression. Identifying the trend and volume of consumption of antidepressants - the code N06A in the Czech Republic in the period 2003-2008 using data from the Všeobecná zdravotní pojišťovna ČR and a comparison based on specific criteria: regional (consumption by region), gender (consumption by gender), age (consumption by age groups), season and month (consumption in different seasons and months) and ATC groups (consumption by chemical / therapeutic / pharmacological subgroups N06A * - 4th level ATC class and consumption by subgroups of chemical substances N06A ***, ie . active substances - 5th level ATC classification). A rough estimate of possible share of depressive and neurotic disorders found in consumption, based on additional data from the database of the Všeobecná zdravotní pojišťovna ČR.
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Characterization of specific proteins form selected animal products.
Janhuba, Filip ; Obruča, Stanislav (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The master's thesis is focused on study of specific protective proteins from animal products. Two different types of antimicrobial egg white proteins were studied in detail - antimicrobial protein ovotransferrin (conalbumin) and enzyme lysozyme. Ovotransferrin belongs to transferrin group of proteins and exhibits activities similar to milk protective protein lactoferrin. The main effects of ovotransferrin are antiviral, anticancer and immunomodulatory. Antimicrobial activity of ovotransferrin based on the possibility to bind iron is still a subject of interest. For comparison the second egg protein lysozyme (N-acetyl muramidglycan hydrolase) was used. Lysozyme is a hydrolytic enzyme which primary attack cell wall of bacteria. In the theoretical part of the thesis an overview of the specific antimicrobial proteins in selected animal products was introduced mainly focused on ovotransferrin and lysozyme. The experimental part of this work was focused on optimization of methods for the determination of antimicrobial activity, protein concentration and purity. For quantitative analysis of total proteins, optimized Hartree – Lowry spectrophotometric method was used. For the determination of molecular weight and purity SDS-PAGE was used and stained by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G250 and silver. In experimental part the real sample of egg white was compared with samples of lyophilized antimicrobial proteins and therapeutical pills supplied by industrial partner. Protein composition and purity of these preparative has been determined. Antimicrobial activity of ovotransferrin was studied on cultures of G+ bacterium Bacillus subtilis and for comparison on G– E. coli. Ovotransferrin showed antimicrobial effect only at very high concentrations of about 75 mg/ml (Bacillus subtilis) and 50 mg/ml (E coli) even with addition of high amount (100 mM) of hydrogen carbonate ions. The inhibitory effect was most evident in liquid media. On the other hand, lysozyme exhibited significant inhibitory activity from 0.3 mg/ml on gram positive bacteria. Inhibitory effect on E. coli was not observed. Another part of study was focused on isolation of ovotransferrin from egg white using gel permeation chromatography on Sephadex G100. As mobile phases 0.1 M phosphate buffer and 0.05 M Tris-HCl buffer were tested. By SDS-PAGE the purity of ovotransferin comparing to standard was evaluated. Finally, the encapsulation of ovotransferrin and lysozyme was tested. Ovotransferrin and lysozyme was encapsulated into liposome and chitosan particles. Particles stability, distribution and average size distribution were studied by dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurement. The stability of particles in the model physiological conditions was studied too.
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Tibetan Curing System of Kum Nye and the Possibilities of its Application
Soumarová, Jana ; Parry Martínková, Irena (advisor) ; Peliš, Michal (referee)
Title: Tibetan curing system of Kum Nye and the possibilities of its application Objectives: The aim of this work is to present a comprehensive view of the Tibetan healing system called Kum Nye. The first part introduces Buddhism as the general basis of Kum Nye, some other basic spiritual principles, the historical background of Kum Nye, and the relationships between these three bases of Kum Nye. The aim of the second part is to explain the therapeutic effect of the system and to present ways of its practice, which are specially modified for the mentality and the way of life of Western society by the Tibetan lama Targhang Tulku. This part is enriched by the author's personal experience from a course of Kum Nye. The concluding part of the work sums up the salient aspects of Kum Nye, presents possibilities for its use, critically evaluates the therapeutic effects and limitations of the system, and makes suggestions for further research. Keywords: Buddhism, breathing exercises, emotions, Kum Nye, stress
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Possibilities of the use of peracetic acid in therapy of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
ŠAUER, Pavel
The aim of the present study was to assess an influence of two different therapeutical concentrations of peracetic acid on selected haematological and biochemical parameters in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Fish were radomly distributed to aquaria and exposed to concentrations of 0 mg.l-1 PAA (control group), 1.0 mg.l-1 PAA (P1 group), 3.0 mg.l-1 PAA (P2 group). Almost total mortality of fish was observed in the concentration 3.0 mg.l-1 PAA during the treatment comparing with the P1 group and untreated control where no mortality was observed. After the end of the experimental exposure of fish to peracetic acid, the sampling of blood has been realised. The samples of the blood were examined in order to determine haematological and biochemical parameters. Consequently, there were no significant differences (p<0.05) in a haematological profile of fish exposed to concentration of 1.0 mg.l-1 PAA. Goblet cells count and size have risen, that caused exposure of fish to peracetic acid. In the biochemical profile of fish, significant changes (p<0.01) in three parameters were found after exposure of fish to peracetic acid in concentration 1.0 mg.l-1. Changed parameters were: aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. The changes were moderate and it can be supposed that these changes are reversible. No significant change (p<0.05) in haematological parameters points out to the minimum negative influence of recommended therapeutical concntration (1.0 mg.l-1 PAA) to the health of C. idella.
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The student posture with disorder communication in class collective
MATOUŠKOVÁ, Eva
The thesis deals with selected communication disorders, their occurrence in population, the influence on psyche and the result of a child at primary school. It discusses the possibility of therapy and prevention of these disorders. It concerns the acceptance of pupils by a group, the impact of the disability on their achievement in education and it evaluates an individual approach to each pupil during lessons. It also pursues how a communication disorder affects the position of a pupil in a class as well as the possibilities of speech therapeutic intervention in the surveyed sample.
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Specifics of nursing care fot patients with tinitus
PÁNKOVÁ, Zuzana
Tinnitus is the technical term for an unpleasant perception of the inner sound source, i.e. for rustle, which may be known as the noise in the head, fizz and ringing in the ears. Symptoms of tinnitus feels about 15% of the population. At the age of 65 years it has been almost every second. Tinnitus is not itself considered as a disease, but as a symptom, which may be a sign of other health problems, mental and physical kind. We distinguish subjective and objective tinnitus. Objective can hear usually and another man, subjective not, it is actually audible hallucinations, which occurs in most cases. Tinnitus is considered one of the great mysteries of human ear. Exposure to intense noise increases the risk of its occurrence. For example, frequent stays in noisy ambience, such as concerts, music festivals, night clubs or listening to music players at high volume levels. An accompanying physical symptom is often a hearing loss. A possible cause may be even injuries of the head, neck, vascular disease, or just an ear inflammation. It is recommended to avoid foods with excessive levels of salt, alcohol, nicotine, caffeine and some painkillers. For the diagnosis of tinnitus is required to undergo the complex medical examination, which includes a summary of the case history, medical examination and the audiological assessment. The first step is to visit a general practitioner and an otolaryngologist. Currently there is no approved drug specifically for the treatment of tinnitus. Most treatment options are based on the suppression of tinnitus, together with a reduction of stress. The patient can be helped by improving circulation in the blood vessels and in the cochlea. Therapy can also include elements of education, such as relaxation techniques and psychological therapy. There is the possibility of alternative treatments (acupuncture). This disease is due to its character very demanding on the psyche of the patient. People affected by tinnitus complain of impaired quality of rest and sleep, but also concentration, suffer mentally and physically. Often are they irritated and due to difficulties feel the uncomfortableness, what a relationship with their surroundings disturbs even more. They can have serious psychic problems. An integral part in the diagnosis and treatment of tinnitus, is a nurse. Audiometric examination is carried out by an audiological nurse, aligns the body and the head during otoscopic examination, blood draw and obviously has great effect on the mental preparation of the patient. During therapy nurse establishes a peripheral venous catheter, it is responsible for the proper application of vasodilator infusions, which consists not only in knowledge of the principles of administration of the infusion, but also in the proper patient education. Specificity of a work of nurses in hyperbaric oxygen therapy follows from a technical background, and the need for special physical, mental training and patient education. Research investigations have revealed the specifics of nursing care for patients with tinnitus, the most important seems to patient communication and education, furthermore, a specific examination methods (audiometry), the specifics of treatment (vasodilator infusions, hyperbaric oxygen therapy). The diversity in responses of patients to tintius, the impact of tinnitus on quality of life, needs and problems of patients with tinnitus - this all are the specifics, which nursing staff should know and adequately respond to them. The research shows, that the questioned nurses have general knowledge and skills in treating patients with tinnitus. They know the available investigative and therapeutic methods, problems of patients, know how to tinnitus evaluate and observe. Striking is the fact, that one interviewed nurse has had low professional skills with blood draw, venous catheter application and could not handle the preparation and application of a vasodilator infusion.
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The feasibility of different biodosimetric methods for dose estimation in case of radiation accidents.
PAVEZKA, Luboš
A deterioration of the coincidental hazards linked to the use of ionizing radiation is currently observed for four reasons. First, the increasing demand for radiation sources in numerous industrial applications (food sterilization, construction, engineering) leads to an increasing likelihood of loss of the sources or abnormal/unsuitable use and storage. Second, advances in medicine generate new protocols and tools that are more efficient but also much more complex to execute, increasing the risk of accidental overexposure. Third, the possibility of a terrorist attack using radiological or nuclear devices has to be taken into account. Finally, recent events in Fukushima (Japan) highlight the risks of exposure in the case of nuclear power plant accidents. All these issues could lead to the accidental exposure of one to several thousand individuals not wearing dosimeters. Thus, it is essential to be able to assess the exposure level of victims. Nowadays, this evaluation is based on clinical diagnosis (mainly irradiation symptoms and hematological variations) supplemented with biological dosimetry andphysical dose reconstruction. Biological dosimetry is especially important when the personal dosimeter is lacking or when the accidental context is unclear. All this information should help the medical staff to deliver appropriate medical care and to manage the long-term medical follow-up, if required. To fulfil this task, the dose estimates has to be timely, exact and conclusively reached in large-scale disasters. In my bachelor thesis, I have focused on the applicability of the various techniques for different scenarios: small- and large-scale exposes to different levels of a radiation that could manage to the urgent radiation syndrome and exposures with lower doses that do not need direct care, but should be followed for evidence of long-term impacts. The principle of biodozimetry is to utilize changes caused in the individual by ionizing radiation to estimate the dose and, if feasible, to predict or reflect the clinically relevant reaction. Optimally, the changes should be specific for ionizing radiation, and the response should be unaffected by prior medical or physiological variations among subjects, including changes that might be caused by the stress and trauma from a radiation event. There are two basic types of biodozimetry with dissimilar and very often complementary characteristics: those based on changes in biological parameters such as gene activation or chromosomal abnormalities and those based on physical changes in tissues. Factors advised comprise: time interval when the assay is feasible biologically, time for sample preparation and analysis, dose finding limit, ease of use, logistical demands, potential efficiency, point-of-care eligibility, and the ability to support patient diagnosis and treatment within a therapeutically relevant time point. The development of of biodozimetry has been mainly encouraged by the needs after a large-scale accident, where it is essential to have a tool or device to identify those individuals who would profit to be brought into the medical care system.
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