| |
|
Trasfer Heat Analysis in Steam Generators in blocks of VVER 440
Roupec, Petr ; Pulec, Jiří (referee) ; Šen, Hugo (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the heat transfer in steam generator of blocks in the nuclear power plant VVER 440. The steam generator represents the border between the primary and the secondary circuit. The heat is carried from a warm water from reactor to a cold water. The steam arises after the heat transfer and drives the steam turbine. An important quantity which represents the heat transfer is a heat transfer factor. This thesis is divided into theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part is mentioned a principle of the steam generator and the theoretical calculation of the heat transfer factor, which comes first of all from the character of the streaming in the steam generator. The practical part brings a comparison of the heat transfer factor calculated from data measured after the start of the third block of EDU in 1986, with the heat transfer factor which comes from the measurement after the power-increase for 105 % of nominal power of the same block in 2009. Further is shown the prediction of the heat transfer factor for next power-increase and the following service is shown too.
|
|
Approach to the nuclaer safety of the 3rd generation nuclear reactors
Pavlíček, Michal ; Kolář, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kolář, Jaroslav (referee) ; Matal, Oldřich (advisor)
The main target of the master´s thesis is reviewing the generation III nuclear reactors in term of the nuclear safety. At first we have to learn some theory of the nuclear safety in order to understand safety systems of the generation III nuclear reactors. Therefore the thesis is divided into two parts. Legislative and technical approaches to nuclear safety are mentioned in the first part. Regulatory bodies, whose task is to supervise nuclear safety in the nuclear power plants, belongs to the legislative approaches. There are defined terms such as defence in depth, redundancy, diversity, etc. There are mentioned methods to assessing nuclear safety – deterministic and probabilistic methods, especially probabilistic methods, for which a simple example is provided. There are also mentioned active and passive safety systems and their significance for nuclear safety and inherent safety too. There is an example of the function of the active and passive safety systems of the EDU nuclear power plant in conclusion of this issue. The second part deals with description of the selected nuclear reactors in context of the construction of the new units of nuclear power plant in Temelín. The nuclear reactors from companies, which applied for the public tender opened by ČEZ, a. s., for the construction of the ETE 3+4. Thus, the nuclear reactor MIR-1200 by ATOMSTROYEXPORT (Russian Federation), the nuclear reactor AP1000 by WESTINGHOUSE (USA) and the nuclear reactor EPR by AREVA (France) are taken into account . Comparison of the generation II and these generation III+ nuclear reactors necessarily belongs to this master´s thesis. These the generation III+ nuclear reactors are compared with the nuclear reactor VVER 440 (EDU) and in particular with the nuclear reactor VVER 1000, which is operated in the nuclear power plant Temelín. The final chapter contains generally appraisal of the whole problem.
|
|
Steam generator module
Kaláb, Ctibor ; Šimo, Tomáš (referee) ; Matal, Oldřich (advisor)
The thesis deals with a project of a steam generator heated with liquid sodium. The first section describes some types of steam generators at nuclear power plants which have been projected or put into use. The next part presents a draft concept of the steam generator, solved by this work. The implementation of the steam generator module has been selected from several options, based on the thermal, hydraulic and stress calculations and on the chosen criteria. The conclusion of this thesis deals with the evaluation of the final solution in terms of nuclear safety and technical solutions, and compares this solution to similar projects following various criteria.
|
|
Robot vision with industrial robots Kuka
Krutílek, Jan ; Pochylý, Aleš (referee) ; Kubela, Tomáš (advisor)
Diploma thesis deals with a robot vision and its application to the problem of manipulation of coincidentally placed objects. There is mentioned an overview of current principles of the most frequently used vision systems on the market. With regard to the required task to be solved, there are mentioned various possibilities of using basic softsensors during the recognition of different objects. The objective of this Diploma thesis is also programming and realization of a demonstration application applying knowledge of PLC programming, knowledge of expert programming KRL language (for KUKA robots), knowledge of designing scripts for smart camera in Spectation software and knowledge of network communication among all devices used in this case.
|
|
název v anglickém jazyce není uveden
Klusáčková, Pavlína ; Pelclová, Daniela (advisor) ; Hajduková, Zdeňka (referee) ; Vízek, Martin (referee)
Early diagnosis of occupational asthma is important especially for the prognosis of this disease. The confirmation of the diagnosis of occupational asthma is sometimes difficult using diagnostic methods available nowadays. That is why searching new methods is very important. Analysis of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) by liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry enables the separate detection of cysteinyl leukotrienes (LT) - LTC4, LTD4, LTE4; LTB4 and 8-isoprostane. If patients with occupational asthma and controls were compared, only LTC4 was significantly higher among all EBC parameters studied in asthmatics (despite corticosteroid treatment). This marker could be used in the future diagnostics. Monitoring of 24-hours variability of EBC parameters in patients, in whom occupational asthma is suspected, showed relatively high intraindividual and interindividual variation. It is evident therefore, that if only one daily measurement in asthmatics would be possible (which is common in articles of several authors), it should be collected in the same period of day in all persons. In negative bronchoprovocation tests significant changes of EBC parameters were not found. The evaluation of positive bronchoprovocation tests was limited by small number of patients, however in five persons from six, the...
|
| |
| |
|
název v anglickém jazyce není uveden
Kolesová, Hana ; Grim, Miloš (advisor) ; Slípka, Jaroslav (referee) ; Nečas, Emanuel (referee)
Branchial arches region and its blood vessels are extensively transformed in the embryonic development. Aim of this study is to investigate mechanisms of the branchial arches region development and to study how a morphogen Sonic hed gehog (Shh) participate on the formation and remodeling of branchial arches and their blood vessels. Influence of Shh was evaluated based on the changes caused by its inhibition in vivo. Shh function was inhibited with an anti-Shh antibody, which was produced into the embryo from the applied hybridoma cells. Shh signaling cascade was also inhibited by cyclopamine. Results show that Shh is important for dc novo format,ion of the blood vessels in the branchial arches region. Further Shh is necessary for stabilization of the vessel wall, mainly for anterior cardinal vein. Shh also alfects later vessel development and transformation, which includes i.e. fusion of the dorsal aorta, branching of the internal carotid artery and outflow tract development. Short time inhibition of Shh has minor effect on the apoptosis and proliferation activity of the branchial arches region mesenchymal cells. We assume that Shh signals directly to the blood vessels endothelial cells, as Shh receptor ptel is also expressed in endothelial cells and its signal is reduced with Shh inhibition. In studied...
|
| |
guest ::
