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Evaluation of Gas Flow at the Proposed Shapes of Scintillation Detector Aperture Sieves
Matloch, Roman ; Špinka, Jiří (referee) ; Maxa, Jiří (advisor)
This work describes briefly electron microscopy issue and physical model of fluid flow. Then the simplified three-dimensional model of scintillation detector will be created in SolidWorks system for 3D cubical models. The gas flow behind the screening in this 3D model will be analyzed and compared by method of finite cube method in SolidWorks Flow Simulation system. This screening will be analyzed in several variants: the screening with 0.6 mm opening and the screening with net-like openings. The results of analyses will be compared according to the requirements. The appropriate shapes from the analyzed parts will be practically measured.
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Osmolality of parenteral preparations. Potassium phosphate.
Pavelková, Martina ; Šklubalová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Mužíková, Jitka (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradci Králové Department of: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Consultant: Doc. PharmDr. Zdeňka Šklubalová, Ph.D. Student: Martina Pavelková Title of Thesis: Osmolality of parenteral preparations. Potassium phosphate. In this work the density and osmolality of aqueous solutions of potassium dihydrogen phosphate was measured in the a concentration range from 0.02 to 1.0 mol/kg and/or mol/l, respectively. When increasing the temperature in the a range from 15řC to 40řC density decreased but the relationship was not linear. At constant temperature the density was directly proportional to the concentration of solution. The dependence between concentration and osmolality was described by a quadratic regression with the coefficient of determination 0.9997 for molal and molar solutions. The solution density at 25řC was used for mutual conversion between the molarity and molality and for estimation of the osmolarity in accordance to USP. Out of three studied methods the most accurate method of osmolarity estimation was the method utilizing the partial specific volume of the solute, which slightly increasinged when a concentration of the solution increased. For potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the mean partical specific volume of 0.31 ml/g could be...
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Effect of measurement error on the shape of the regression function in nonlinear models
Drábková, Alena ; Zvára, Karel (referee) ; Kulich, Michal (advisor)
In this thesis we study the effect of regressors measured with an error on an estimated coefficients in a generalized linear model. We infer the true shape of the mean and of the variance function in the given model. We show that assumptions of a generalized linear model are not fulfilled universally if we use variables measured with an error. Despite this, the error-in-variable model can still be useful for testing dependence of original correct regressor. Further on in the thesis, the asymptotic values of coefficients are approximated, assuming g(E(Yi|Wi)) is a quadratic function. Examples for all results are provided through simulations.
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Concentration of parenteral preparations. Electrolytes.
Novotná, Jitka ; Šklubalová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Šnejdrová, Eva (referee)
Amount of the dissolved substances in parenteral solutions is expressed in molarity (mol ∙ l-1 ). To express the osmotic effect of the dissolved particles in one litre of solution, osmolarity (mosmol ∙ l-1 ) is used. Physical measurement is provided by an osmometer. However, by this measurement we can determinate osmolality (mosmol ∙ kg-1 ) which depends on the concentration in molality (mol ∙ kg-1 ). Mutual conversion between osmolality and osmolarity is then desirable. The conversion of molality to molarity requires a knowledge of the volume of the solution whereas the conversion factor is wanted to convert molarity to molality. Conversion factor, in fact, expresses content of water in the solution. The mutual conversion between molality and molarity requires knowledge of the solution density. In this work, the effect of temperature in range of 15-40žC on density of the aqueous solutions was studied. Aqueous solutions of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and ammonium chloride in concentration range of 0,1 - 1,0 mol ∙ l-1 or 0,1 - 1,0 mol ∙ kg-1 were investigated. Relationship between the solution density and temperature was described with quadratic equation regressions. The solution density was directly proportional to the solution concentration at 20žC. Using the average density at 20žC, the...
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Osmolality of parenteral preparations. Sodium chloride.
Kmoníčková, Lucie ; Šklubalová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Mužíková, Jitka (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradci Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Consultant: Doc. PharmDr. Zdeňka Šklubalová, PhD. Student: Lucie Kmoníčková Title of Thesis: Osmolality of parenteral preparations. Sodium chloride. The objective of this diploma theses was to study the relationship between the concentration of aqueous solutions of sodium chloride and the solution density and osmolality. Solutions of sodium chloride were prepared in molality and/or molarity in range of 0.01 to 0.2 mol/kg and/or mol/l, respectively. The solution densities were measured using a densimeter in temperature range of between 15 and 40řC. The dependence of the solution density on temperature was described by the quadratic regresions with the coefficient of determination ranging from 0.9998 to 1.0000. At constant temperature, the direct proportion between density and the solution concentration was observed. The average density of solutions at 20 řC was used for mutual conversion between molality and molarity. Osmolality of the molal and/or molar solutions of sodium chloride was directly proportional to the concentration. Using the methods listed in USP, osmolarity of the sodium chloride molar solutions was expressed. No differences in the accuracy of the investigated methods of...
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Methodology for evaluating the soil properties by using magnetic susceptibility , applicable for the assessment of soil degradation due to water erosion
Kapička, Aleš ; Kodešová, R. ; Jakšík, O. ; Klement, A. ; Petrovský, Eduard ; Grison, Hana
This work has been supported by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic (Project No. QJ1230319, “Soil water regime within a sloping agricultural area”). The goal was to propose methodology for using the soil magnetic parameters for accessing soil properties and their spatial distribution within agricultural areas affected by water erosion. Methodology includes: choice of sampling design for target area (optimized based on other auxiliary data) and soil sampling (topsoil), soil sample processing (drying, grinding, sieving, etc.), method of magnetic susceptibility measurements (using Bartington MS2 and Kappametr SM400) and procedure to calibrate models of predicting soil properties from soil magnetic properties. Prediction of the oxidable organic carbon from the mass specific magnetic susceptibility determined in the laboratory is shown here as an example of practical application of this methodology for soil properties assessment in certain soil types. In addition close correlation between volume magnetic susceptibility measured directly in the field and mass specific magnetic susceptibility obtained in the laboratory documents that the oxidable organic carbon may be estimated directly from the field measurements.
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Grain Size Distribution of Selected Mineral Fertilizers
Novák, Kamil ; Krupička, Josef (advisor) ; Novák, Petr (referee)
This thesis deals with the measurement of particle size distribution in selected types of solid fertilizer and verification method for measuring the critical speed in the vertical air flow. In the individual sections describe the basic mechanical and physicochemical properties. The thesis introduces methods for measuring solid industrial fertilizers, measurement methods and instruments that are, used in the evaluation of fertilizer. These measurements are processed tables, their graphical representation is shown of measured and calculated values. The results derive important groups of the individual fractions obtained from the sieves and are also calculated critical speed of air flow.
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