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Diagnostics of Interests in the Pubescence
VAŇÁSKOVÁ, Lenka
This work inquires into diagnostics of teenagers` interests and its using into educational process. My work is devided into three main parts, which dissertate generally about interests, about interests` in the pubescence and about possibilities of interests` diagnostics. The first part disserts on interests generally, it engages in free time activities and facilities which can offer them. The second part characterizes pubescence and teenagers` interests in this period. An attention is devoted to factors, which are partaken in forming and creating interests by an effort, which goes with this difficult period. Then also free time activities which are the way of prevention against social patological effects of teenagers. The third part represents pedagogical and psychological diagnostics, which is interested in diagnostics of free time activities and diagnostics of personality.
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Use of Interest Rate Models for Interest Rate Risk Management in the Czech Financial Market Environment
Cíchová Králová, Dana ; Arlt, Josef (advisor) ; Cipra, Tomáš (referee) ; Witzany, Jiří (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to suggest an appropriate approach to interest rate risk modeling in the Czech financial market environment in various situations. Three distinct periods are analyzed. These periods, which are the period before the global financial crisis, period during the financial crisis and in the aftermath of the global financial crisis and calming subsequent debt crisis in the eurozone, are characterized by different evaluation of liquidity and credit risk, different relationship between financial variables and market participants and different degree of market regulations. Within this goal, an application of the BGM model in the Czech financial market environment is crucial. Use of the BGM model for the purpose of predicting a dynamics of a yield curve is not very common. This is firstly due to the fact that primary use of this model is a valuation of interest rate derivatives while ensuring the absence of arbitrage and secondly its application is relatively difficult. Nevertheless, I apply the BGM model to obtain predictions of the probability distributions of interest rates in the Czech and eurozone market environment, because its complexity, direct modeling of a yield curve based on market rates and especially a possibility of parameter estimation based on current swaptions volatilities quotations may lead to a significant improvement of predictions. This improvement was also confirmed in this thesis. Use of swaptions volatilities market quotations is especially useful in the period of unprecedented mone- tary easing and increased number of central banks and other regulators interventions into financial markets that occur after the financial crisis, because it reflects current market expectations which also include future interventions. As a consequence of underdevelopment of the Czech financial market there are no market quotations of Czech koruna denominated swaptions volatilities. I suggest their approximations based on quotations of euro denominated swaptions volatilities and also using volatilities of koruna and euro forward rates. Use of this approach ensures that predictions of the Czech yield curve dynamics contain current market expectations. To my knowledge, any other author has not presented similar application of the BGM model in the Czech financial market environment. In this thesis I further predict a Czech and Euro area money market yield curve dynamics using the CIR and the GP models as representatives of various types of interest rates models to compare these predictions with BGM predictions. I suggest a comprehensive system of three criteria, based on comparison of predicti- ons with reality, to describe a predictive power of selected models and an appropria- teness of their use in the Czech market environment during different situations in the market. This analysis shows that predictions of the Czech money market yield curve dynamics based on the BGM model demonstrate high predictive power and the best 8 quality in comparison with other models. GP model also produces relatively good qua- lity predictions. Conversely, predictions based on the CIR model as a representative of short rate model family completely failed when describing reality. In a situation when the economy allows negative rates and there is simultaneously a significant likelihood of their implementation, I recommend to obtain predictions of Czech money market yield curve dynamics using GP model which allows existence of negative interest rates. This analysis also contains a statistical test for validating the predictive power of each model and information on other tests. Berkowitz test rejects a hypothesis of accurate predictions for each model. However, this fact is common in real data testing even when using relatively good model. This fact is especially caused by difficult fulfilment of test conditions in real world. To my knowledge, such an analysis of the predictive power of selected interest rate models moreover in the Czech financial market environment has not been published yet. The last goal of this thesis is to suggest an appropriate approach to obtaining pre- dictions of Czech government bonds risk premium dynamics. I define this risk premium as a difference between government bond yields and fixed rate of CZK IRS with the same length. I apply the GP model to describe the dynamics of this indicator of the Czech Republic credit risk. In order to obtain a time series of the risk premium which are necessary for estimation of GP model parameters I firstly estimate yield curves of Czech government bonds using Svensson model for each trading day since 2005. Resulting si- mulations of risk premium show that the GP model predicts the real development of risk premiums of all maturities relatively well. Hence, the proposed approach is suitable for modeling of Czech Republic credit risk based on the use of information extracted from financial markets. I have not registered proposed approach to risk premium modeling moreover in the Czech financial market environment in other publications.
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Acceleration Methods for Evolutionary Design of Digital Circuits
Vašíček, Zdeněk ; Miller, Julian (referee) ; Zelinka,, Ivan (referee) ; Sekanina, Lukáš (advisor)
Ačkoliv můžeme v literatuře nalézt řadu příkladů prezentujících evoluční návrh jakožto zajímavou a slibnou alternativu k tradičním návrhovým technikám používaným v oblasti číslicových obvodů, praktické nasazení je často problematické zejména v důsledku tzv. problému škálovatelnosti, který se projevuje např. tak, že evoluční algoritmus je schopen poskytovat uspokojivé výsledky pouze pro malé instance řešeného problému. Vážný problém představuje tzv. problém škálovatelnosti evaluace fitness funkce, který je markantní zejména v oblasti syntézy kombinačních obvodů, kde doba potřebná pro ohodnocení kandidátního řešení typicky roste exponenciálně se zvyšujícím se počtem primárních vstupů. Tato disertační práce se zabývá návrhem několika metod umožňujících redukovat problem škálovatelnosti evaluace v oblasti evolučního návrhu a optimalizace číslicových systémů. Cílem je pomocí několika případových studií ukázat, že s využitím vhodných akceleračních technik jsou evoluční techniky schopny automaticky navrhovat inovativní/kompetitivní řešení praktických problémů. Aby bylo možné redukovat problém škálovatelnosti v oblasti evolučního návrhu číslicových filtrů, byl navržen doménově specifický akcelerátor na bázi FPGA. Tato problematika reprezentuje případ, kdy je nutné ohodnotit velké množství trénovacích dat a současně provést mnoho generací. Pomocí navrženého akcelerátoru se podařilo objevit efektivní implementace různých nelineárních obrazových filtrů. S využitím evolučně navržených filtrů byl vytvořen robustní nelineární filtr implusního šumu, který je chráněn užitným vzorem. Navržený filtr vykazuje v porovnání s konvenčními řešeními vysokou kvalitu filtrace a nízkou implementační cenu. Spojením evolučního návrhu a technik známých z oblasti formální verifikace se podařilo vytvořit systém umožňující výrazně redukovat problém škálovatelnosti evoluční syntézy kombinačních obvodů na úrovni hradel. Navržená metoda dovoluje produkovat komplexní a přesto kvalitní řešení, která jsou schopna konkurovat komerčním nástrojům pro logickou syntézu. Navržený algoritmus byl experimentálně ověřen na sadě několika benchmarkových obvodů včetně tzv. obtížně syntetizovatelných obvodů, kde dosahoval v průměru o 25% lepších výsledků než dostupné akademické i komerční nástroje. Poslední doménou, kterou se práce zabývá, je akcelerace evolučního návrhu lineárních systémů. Na příkladu evolučního návrhu násobiček s vícenásobnými konstantními koeficienty bylo ukázáno, že čas potřebný k evaluaci kandidátního řešení lze výrazně redukovat (defacto na ohodocení jediného testovacího vektoru), je-li brán v potaz charakter řešeného problému (v tomto případě linearita).
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Extraction of Carotenoids from Selected Plants
Rousková, Milena ; Maléterová, Ywetta ; Hanika, Jiří ; Šolcová, Olga
The great interest which lutein and all carotenoids have aroused during the last decades is conditioned not only by their interesting structure but by their biological and physiological importance. It is evident that their application in agriculture, food and pharmaceutical industry has a great potential for the future. Thus study of their isolation from natural resources is very important nowadays.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22015083114530 - PDF
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"Be cursed all of you who are initiators of this". Years 1870-1950 in view of the chronicle of Václav Kopp
MARTINOVSKÁ, Soňa
The diploma thesis aims on introducing the "Chronicle of the Kopp family", a personal writing found in the inheritance of Pilsen teacher Vaclav Kopp (1876-1951). The thesis also intends to integrate this work into contexts of the ego-documents research; introductory article therefore touches the matters of personal sources as a subject of a research interest. The main text of the thesis is further divided into four chapters. The first chapter presents the story of Vaclav Kopp's life and also focuses on the history of his family. The following chapter deals with the analysis of the source and it particularly wants to emphasize the overall change of its character. The third chapter is a pivotal part of the thesis. It discusses topics contained in the "Chronicle" with intent to look into the everyday life of the author and into his intellectual world. In the last chapter, the work of Vaclav Kopp is compared with the memoirs of another Pilsen citizen - Luisa Pernerová-Zykmundová and with other personal sources from Pilsen of the same time period. Conclusion then summarizes the findings and it points out the importance of the investigated work and offers the possibility of its further use. A list of sources and bibliography is appended, as well as a large number of pictorial attachments.
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The documentation of the educational trail "Dobrošov" fort (Czech Republic)
Kopecký, Tomáš ; Skalický, Milan (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
The educational trail Dobrošov fort is situated in the village of the same name. It is an advance specified marked route which leads in the footsteps of the border fortification from 1935 - 1938.
The length of the route is approximately 4 km and visitors are mainly informed about historically interesting places in the surrounding and about the events before World War II. Historical affairs are presented in the form of information panels at individual stops. The panels tell visitors not only about historical military facts of 20th century but also about the building of the fortress fortification Dobrošov.
The educational trail has eight official stops. On the route, visitors can see additional panels with the description of the light fortification and they learn interesting things about the surrounding.
The content of this thesis is a brief characteristic of events in Czechoslovakia before World War II. There is a description of the fortification system of a fort at that time in Europe and Czechoslovakia. Furthermore, this thesis deals with educational trails in general from the viewpoint of their functionality and equipment. This study points out legislation and illustrates new trends of this form of tourism.
The aim of this thesis was to document the educational trail Dobrošov fort, with the focus on historical events of fortification building in Czechoslovakia before World War II. The analysis of the trail and information panels was conducted. A questionnaire survey found out the needs of visitors and highlights the usefulness of this trail. The questionnaire survey had another important role for findings of stated hypotheses. Four scientific hypotheses were formulated. The first one is if the access to more objects increases, its attractiveness and attendance will also increase. The second hypothesis is whether the visitors are satisfied with the infrastructure of the educational trail. Furthermore, the awareness of the educational trail helps to its high attendance, and both citizens and tourists will be happy about a fortification extension which also includes the preservation of decaying objects in the surrounding. The used methods for achieving these aims were the observation and questionnaire survey in the location of the educational trail.
The conclusion shows that the access to more objects will increase the attractiveness and attendance of the trail. However, the visitors are not satisfied with the infrastructure of the trail. The awareness of the educational trail contributes to the high attendance. The hypothesis that local citizens and tourists will be happy about the trail extension which includes the preservation of decaying objects in the surrounding was disproved.
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Support of regional development through the Local Action Group Podchlumí
Jezberová, Zuzana ; Hejnák, Václav (advisor) ; Marcela, Marcela (referee)
The Diploma thesis deals with issues of the support of regional development through the Local Action Group Podchlumí, r.a. (LAG Podchlumí).
The goal of this thesis was to explore the contribution of the LAG Podchlumí to quality of life of residents and business development. Assessment of the influence of LAG on regional development has been based on the existence and implementation of the Program of rural development program of the Czech Republic Axis IV. LEADER, which leads to an improvement of management and to mobilization of the natural inner potential of countryside. The Program of rural development represented the main financial source for fruition of LAG projects in the previous programming period.
In this thesis, activities of the LAG Podchlumí and local subjects for support and development of partnership of residents and for public, business, and non-profit communities have been analysed. Implementation of own projects, through which the versatile development of the region, life improvement of residents, increase the attractiveness of the region has been evaluated. In order to get an independent and objective evaluation, an anonymous questionnaire has been conducted among residents of the region Podchlumí. Further, personal observation of the region Podchlumí, a study of professional literature as well as of internal materials of the LAG has been done. The hypothesis that the Local Action Group Podchlumí plays an important role in development of partnership of public administration of municipalities, agricultural subjects, independent agricultural as well as non-agricultural enterpreneurs, and non-profit organizations has been verified on the basis of analysis of realized activities. Support from the Program of countryside development to the region Podchlumí, Measure IV.1.2 Realization of local development strategy, contributed to achieving improvements in quality of life of residents. The greatest support was given to appearance of communities and quality of infrastructure, development of public facilities and services. Financial resources were spent also on modernization and development of agricultural as well as non-agricultural business. In comparison with other LAGs in the district Jičín, the LAG Podchlumí supported the greatest number of projects through the measure IV.1.2 of the Rural development program on realization of local developing strategy. It has been found by means of evaluation of the anonymous questionaire among residents of the region that residents perceive improvement of appearance and life of communities but they are not aware of the fact that many projects have been implemented with the contribution of activities of the LAG Podchlumí. For this reason, the LAG Podchlumí should focus more on propagation of its own activities. Residents of the region are interested in surrounding of their villages.
It is possible to made conclusion that the results of analysis of activities of the LAG authenticated and confirmed correctness of the hypothesis that the Local Action Group Podchlumí plays an important role in development of partnership of public administration of municipalities, agricultural subjects, independent agricultural as well as non-agricultural enterpreneurs, and non-profit organizations.
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Relationship to the environment and the behavior of households - May 2014
Nováková, Jana
In May 2014 Public Opinion Research Centre in the context of its investigation examined the Czech public attitudes towards the environment. This block was also included questions regarding friendly behavior towards the environment. Specifically, it was examined whether people are interested an plenty of information on how to gently treat the environment, and also, what is the frequency of selected environmentally-friendly activities.
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Antimicrobial activity of extract from GRAS plant species agains oral pathogenic microorganisms
Pilná, Jindřiška ; Kokoška, Ladislav (advisor) ; Jaroslav, Jaroslav (referee)
Microbial oral diseases such as caries and periodontitis are among the most frequent human infections. Conventional chemical antiseptics used for their treatment and prevention often produce adverse side-effects, which restrict their long-term use. Although plants are considered as perspective sources of novel antimicrobial compounds, little is still known about their inhibitory properties against oral pathogens and about their safety while used on a daily basis. The objective of this study was to investigate in vitro growth-inhibitory effects of ethanol Generally Recognised as Safe (GRAS) plant and supercritical CO2 hop extracts on planktonic cultures of cariogenic, periodontal and candidal human pathogens, namely Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Bifidobacterium dentium, B. longum, Candida albicans, Eikenella corrodens, Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. vincentii, Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salivarius, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, S. salivarius subsp. salivarius and S. sobrinus using the broth microdilution method. The findings showed that ethanol extracts of all 109 GRAS plant species inhibited the growth of at least one microorganism under study with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) equal or lower than 4096 ug/mL. However, only six of them possessed very interesting antiseptic potential against the oral pathogens with MIC < 100 ug/mL. Additionally, three GRAS plant species showed good inhibitory activity with MIC = 128 ug/mL. As far as the particular results are concerned, the best antiseptic effect was observed for both Humulus lupulus CO2 supercritical and ethanol extracts that inhibited the growth of all microorganisms at MICs higher or equal to 8 ug/mL and MICs higher or equal to 16 ug/mL, respectively. Hence, the CO2 supercritical extraction proved to be superior for extraction of active constituents of H. lupulus. Further, the ethanol extracts of Capsicum annuum and C. frutescens showed significant antiseptic potential against S. sobrinus and S. salivarius (MICs from 64 to 128 ug/mL). The oral streptococci were also inhibited by Zanthoxylum clava-herculis (MIC higher or equal to 64 ug/mL), Helichrysum angustifolium and Myristica fragrans (MIC higher or equal to 128 ug/mL) which further showed the antimicrobial activity against F. nucleatum (MIC = 64 ug/mL). Interesting inhibitory effects exhibited an extract of Punica granatum against C. albicans (MIC = 128 ug/mL) and F. nucleatum (MIC = 64 ug/mL). Moreover, the growth of F. nucleatum was inhibited by extracts of Pimenta officinalis and Thea sinensis (MIC = 128 ug/mL). The chemical analysis of the CO2 supercritical H. lupulus extracts revealed that alpha and beta bitter acids represented the two major groups of constituents. Cohumulone was the predominant compound of the alpha acids, whereas colupulone was the prevalent constituent of the beta acids. Our results suggest that the six GRAS plant species, namely C. annuum, C. frutescens, H. lupulus, M. fragrans, P. granatum and Z. clava-herculis have good potential to become new safe antiseptic agents that might be used for incorporation into oral care products such as toothpastes and mouthrinses.
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